第 53 课 · 第 4 阶段: 时态与情态动词
“was going to”
中级“Was going to”
构成与用法
was/were going to + 动词 — 过去的打算，常常没有实现
1.形式
Was / were going to + 动词原形 就是把 going to 移到过去：表示当时打算做或预计会发生的事。
| I / he / she / it | you / we / they | |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定式 | I was going to call. | We were going to call. |
| 否定式 | She wasn't going to say anything. | They weren't going to come. |
| 疑问式 | Was he going to stay? | Were you going to tell me? |
| 简略回答 | Yes, he was. / No, he wasn't. | Yes, we were. / No, they weren't. |
语速快时，going to 常常听起来像 gonna：I was gonna call you。能听懂就好，但书面语（考试、工作邮件）里要写完整的 going to。
2.什么时候用
1. 过去的计划，但没有实现——后面经常接 but
I was going to cook tonight, but I got home too late.
我本来打算今晚做饭的，但回家太晚了。
We were going to have a picnic, but it poured all afternoon.
我们本来要去野餐的，结果下了一下午的大雨。
I wasn't going to buy anything, but the shoes were on sale.
我本来没打算买东西，可那双鞋在打折。
2. 过去做出的预测——当时看来肯定会发生（后来可能发生了，也可能没有）
Everyone knew the final was going to be close.
大家都知道决赛会打得很胶着。
I thought the meeting was going to finish early, but it went on until seven.
我以为会议会早点结束，结果一直开到七点。
3. 正要做某事时被打断了——常和 just 连用
I was just going to text you when you called!
你打来的时候我正要给你发消息呢！
Sorry, what were you going to say?
不好意思，你刚才要说什么？
中文说“我本来要给你打电话，但忘了”，“要”字没有时态变化，所以常有人说 “I am going to call you, but I forgot.” 如果计划属于过去（but I forgot），going to 也要变成过去：I was going to call you, but I forgot.
3.和相近形式比较
| 句子 | 意思 |
|---|---|
| I'm going to call her. | 现在的计划，针对将来 |
| I was going to call her. | 之前打算给她打电话（通常没打） |
| I called her. | 真的给她打了 |
| I was calling her when… | ……的时候我正在给她打电话 |
| I would have called her, but… | 要不是有事拦着，我就给她打了 |
| She said she would call. | 从过去看的承诺或预测 |
Was going to 强调已有的计划或打算；said / promised 后面的 would 强调承诺或预测。很多时候两个都可以：He said he was going to fix it. / He said he would fix it.
4.常见错误
I was go to call you, but I forgot.I was going to call you, but I forgot.
完整形式是 was going to + 动词。
We are going to visit Hue last summer, but the flights were too expensive.We were going to visit Hue last summer, but the flights were too expensive.
过去的计划 → were，不用 are。
She was going to studied abroad.She was going to study abroad.
going to 后面用动词原形。
I was going to finishing my essay, but I fell asleep.I was going to finish my essay, but I fell asleep.
这里的 to 后面不加 -ing。
My friends was going to come.My friends were going to come.
主语是复数 → were。
例句
- I was going to call you last night, but my phone died.
- We were going to eat out, but it rained, so we cooked at home.
- Sorry, I was going to tell you about the party, but I forgot.
- I was going to buy a new laptop, but then I saw the price.
