Shadowing Practice: The Health Belief Model - Learn English Speaking with Video
Creating lesson...
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So the health belief model was one of the original models
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in behavior change coming out of the United States public health services in the 1950s.
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And this model really tried to kind of reconcile, you know, people know what they should be doing to be healthy, but they're not doing it.
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Why is that?
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So it started to kind of look more at what are some of the beliefs
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that are locked in to affecting someone's ability
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or desire i should say to change their behavior
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so what they specifically argue is that our belief in the threat of an illness
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so how bad is it to really get obesity am i
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really worried about becoming obese am i really worried about getting
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diabetes am i really worried about getting lung cancer plus our belief in the effectiveness of a proposed behavior
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so okay let's say i am worried about getting lung cancer
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is quitting smoking really going to make a difference well yes the answer is yes um
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but a better example here is if i
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if i really don't want to develop obesity is physical activity really going to be effective for
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that is it actually worth the effort do i care enough about the risk
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and is it do i really think
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that the effort of physical activity is going to make a difference okay
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so there's several theoretical constructs to this this model some
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that were part of its original iteration and some
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that were added later like later in added in later okay
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so the kind of people's perceptions around their susceptibility to disease how severe
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that disease is and what are the perceived barriers and benefits to
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that activity that's part of the original theoretical framework
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and then certain modifying variables like demographics or um or race
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or health inequities those can play in plus is there any
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like cue to action like is there something else like sparking me to to do this as well
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and of course self -efficacy too okay so they argued
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that some of those things
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that i just talked about are going to speak to someone's really desire to be to not well desire to
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but also their actual engagement
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so i'm talking about the intention here we're talking more of are they going to do it
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or not right so they argued that like i said how susceptible people feel
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that they actually are to that disease
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so for instance let's say let's go back to obesity this is a good example here
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so let's say someone has just a lean figure
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and their family all were lean their family never exercised
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and all always ate a lot
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but they were just they just have lean genetics okay
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so their perceived susceptibility to obesity is going to be really low
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so if you're trying to motivate them to to exercise you know
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and they're like
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but i'm by by saying like oh it'll reduce your risk
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of obesity that's not going to do anything for them
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because they're like but i'm not going to get it anyway right
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so it depends on how much they believe that they could actually develop
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that and do they think it's a big deal
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if they do get it right some people are like well
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if i get diabetes there's drugs for that if I get cardiovascular disease
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or by the time I get cancer there will be a cure for it there's people
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that believe these things right so we have to be aware of
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that and of course their perceived benefits and barriers
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and things like their psychology their demographics these are all these modifying variables
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that can affect their motivation can affect all these other things we just talked about as well
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when it comes to cue to action this might be something
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that actually like bypasses all the rest so for instance
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if someone maybe doesn't really care to exercise for anything else
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but like all their friends have started exercising
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and you know it's become a cool thing to do with their friend group
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that is a cue to action and it doesn't
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and i don't even have to worry about any of these other things
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because i kind of bypass that with a cue to action okay
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so again this is one of those other behavior change theories
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that looks at some of the reasons why people don't change
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and again as health promoters we might want to look at
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that right so again if we're motivating with like motivating people as far as like okay
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if you do this you're not going to get a disease
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we might have to think about like do they care do they actually think
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that engaging this behavior is going to make a difference right
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Or maybe we have to use another behavior change model with them.
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So we'll look at another one, the trans -theoretical model of change, in the next module.
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This C1 speaking lesson is built on the video “The Health Belief Model”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: behavior, model, obesity, disease, cue. This video has 71 sentences and 836 words to shadow. The speech runs for 4:36. The speaker talks fast, about 182 words per minute, so expect linked and reduced sounds. 87% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 15 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| obesity noun | /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/ | The state of being obese. |
| motivate verb | /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/ | To provide someone with an incentive to do something; to encourage; to actuate. |
| perceive verb | /pɚˈsiv/ | To become aware of, through the physical senses, to see; to understand. |
| theoretical adjective | /ˌθi.əˈɹɛt.ɪ.kəl/ | Of or relating to theory; abstract; not empirical. |
| susceptibility noun | /səˌsɛptəˈbɪlɪti/ | The condition of being susceptible; vulnerability. |
| bypass noun | /ˈbaɪpæs/ | A road that passes around something, such as a residential area or business district. |
| modify verb | /ˈmɑ.dɪˌfaɪ/ | To change part of. |
| demographic adjective | /ˌdɛm.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk/ | Of or pertaining to demography. |
| inequity noun | /ɪnˈɛkwɪti/ | A lack of equity (justice). |
| iteration noun | /ˌɪt.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ | A recital or a second performance; a repetition. |
| reconcile verb | /ˈɹɛkənsaɪl/ | To restore a friendly relationship; to bring back or return to harmony. |
| promoter noun | /pɹəˈmoʊtɚ/ | One who promotes. |
| susceptible adjective | [səˈsɛptɪbl̩] | Likely to be affected by something. |
| obese adjective | /oʊˈbis/ | Extremely overweight, especially: weighing more than 20% (for men) or 25% (for women) over their conventionally ideal weight determined by height and build… |
| efficacy noun | /ˈɛf.ɪ.kə.si/ | The ability to produce a desired effect under ideal testing conditions. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| go back to verb | To stem from; to originate in. |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 17 contractions and reduced forms, such as don't, I'm, they're. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
- Long words — get the stress right: obesity /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/, theoretical /ˌθi.əˈɹɛt.ɪ.kəl/, susceptibility /səˌsɛptəˈbɪlɪti/, demographic /ˌdɛm.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk/, inequity /ɪnˈɛkwɪti/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Start at 0.75× speed, shadow it sentence by sentence, then go back to normal speed once it feels easy.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like obesity, motivate, perceive.
What is the Shadowing Technique?
Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.