Prática de Shadowing: 移民搶工作，還是最低工資害的？大學生 vs 保守派 8 分鐘完整辯論｜中英字幕 - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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160 frases
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1
I guess in the free market example, you have 100 people, but there's no illegal immigration, but there's no minimum wage.
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These people are naturally incentivized to get together and agree, you know, we won't accept any wage lower than this,
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like collective bargaining, which is kind of like a socialist principle.
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So I guess I'm just proposing if these...
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Well, they can do that, but at the end of the day, the business owner will be able to decide, right?
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It's true.
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And if these people, then they're going to starve.
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You know, you work or don't eat.
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I guess that's fair, yeah.
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I guess my argument here is that the capitalist system that we have, you know, with free markets inherently drifts towards this kind of cronyism
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and I think part of this economic system enables
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and in part requires the mass immigration that we see today
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and I mean maybe it's it's weird to think about
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but I'll give like a little economics example I guess imagine there's a thousand people at this university
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and there's like 10 jobs on university
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and everybody says I will no longer accept any what's it called any wage lower than $15 an hour all
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So these people are thinking, okay, well, I'm not going to get paid $14 or $13.
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But it's in these companies' interests, these businesses that work there,
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simply to make the most money and to expand that they need people who will accept less wages.
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So let's say, well, why don't we bring in a whole bunch of people from overseas?
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Yes, I see the argument that you're making, and I don't mean to interrupt you, but it's rather long.
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The point is not with immigrants.
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The point is with minimum wage laws.
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Because minimum wage laws are not free market.
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You are telling an employer what amount they are able to pay an employee, right?
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I'm not sure.
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Do you know what the profit margin of the majority of small businesses in America is?
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I assume it's pretty slim.
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It's 1 % is the average, right?
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So now let's say you're a business and you don't have a minimum wage
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and you're paying two guys $10 an hour to go and work and sell sandwiches, whatever.
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Now the government comes in and says, well, you have to pay these people $15 an hour.
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What does that do?
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You've got to fire a guy, right?
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And so now you're paying, maybe one guy gets paid a little bit more, but now you have less of a worker.
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It makes your business suffer, right?
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The business owner should be the one in a free market to decide how much I pay this person.
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And if someone comes in and says, well, that's not fair, then they can go to a different business, right?
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Or achieve different skills to advance themselves to go and do a different thing themselves, right?
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So it's not actually an immigration debate you're having on that.
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It's a minimum wage law debate.
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All right.
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I understand where you're coming from.
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And for the sake of the example, or my argument, let's say there was no minimum wage laws, there would still kind of be a societal,
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say there's 100 people, you know, they all need this amount to survive, or they want this amount.
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And I think immigration, see if there still is no minimum wage laws, let's say they're paying a guy like 10 bucks.
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If you could still bring in a guy and pay him one bucks as a business owner, you totally would, right?
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Right.
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But you can do that with an American citizen, too, if you have no minimum wage law
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because you could have before 1960 right this country was like 90 percent white
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and pretty much everyone was legal everyone was actually a citizen of this country right
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so how did we get these things done before
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that right you know what i mean you know i'm saying
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so it's like people were willing to do those jobs
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and take less money and then build themselves up or
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if it said oh i'm not getting paid enough here
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or i don't like my boss i'll go find a different type of job
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you know what i mean yeah no i agree with you saying um i guess i just have to touch like inflation.
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I mean, you know, back in the 1950s, 1960s, a lot of people could afford a house,
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a home, a college education with a lot less work than we do have nowadays.
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And my argument is just the more people we have and the more people that move in,
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the less your average person gets paid because there's so many people
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that the value of like how much it pays one person goes down.
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So I guess my value of labor does go down with more immigration.
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So I guess my argument is
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that our economic system needs the value of labor to go down to reduce input costs because we want cheaper stuff.
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Everybody here, they want to consume goods, whether it be media or iPhones or food.
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And in order for that, you know, you can do a lot of supply chain management.
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By the end of the day, it really comes down to how low can we get the cost of labor?
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And if you were to go completely libertarian with it and say, you know, completely free markets and all of this,
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then having completely free markets with no regulations is the only way you can have illegal immigration.
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Because if you don't have completely free markets and you have wage, minimum wage laws, you have regulations, you have anti -globalism, you have tariffs,
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you have protectionism, all these different things, it will not induce business to actually thrive,
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and people will get the shaft on that for the immigrants and for the citizens who are in that country.
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Because then there's no reason for them to pay American citizens that wage.
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If they know they can pay an illegal immigrant less, then why would they pay an American citizen more for the same job?
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Exactly.
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Right.
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Which is what I'm saying, and that's part of the minimum wage.
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So if you got rid of the minimum wage, then maybe some American comes and says,
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well, I'll work on a farm for the same price that an illegal immigrant is doing it for now,
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you know, and then build my way up.
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You have that freedom.
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But with minimum wage laws, you don't have that freedom.
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Yeah, I have to agree with that.
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But I still think that as business owners, your interest is you must make as much profit
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or else someone else will make more profit you outcompete
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you you lose right thank goodness that's how it should be um
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and that's a that's a very dynamic system
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and allows for a lot of the companies we have nowadays
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which can really create a lot of you know gdp
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and buildings and everything around us but i would argue
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that it is in their inherent interest simply to make profit
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that illegal immigration and immigration as a whole is desired so it's
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In my view, at least, it's impossible to view immigration as an issue in itself
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when you need to consider that these businesses really want that as well.
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Right, but if they could choose to pay, if an American could choose to have themselves work for less, they would.
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The problem is a minimum wage of why these people want to bring in illegals
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because they're forced to pay an American citizen this much.
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Whereas if they're an illegal alien, they can pay them whatever they want, right?
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Right?
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So of course.
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But if you had people in a total free market and said, oh, we can pay this person whatever I want
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and then I can choose to be paid whatever I want within the market, whatever this employer wants to pay me,
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and people can shop around and say this job's good, this one's not, then the illegal immigration is,
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you know, it's not nearly as worthwhile for businesses to want because they can just pay citizens.
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I mean, paying people less, they'll have less money to spend.
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That lowers the standard of living.
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I guess this is kind of a weird shift to the argument.
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I guess it's better phrased as like, if we even allow this as a thing to happen, even if it's just paying people less,
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these companies still need to make money.
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They're still going to lower input costs and the quality of your average person.
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And we're putting quality in terms of material,
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which I don't really think your life and your happiness is determined by how many things you can buy.
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You know, money doesn't buy happiness.
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I think it's a lot more meaningful than that.
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But in our current society, you know, money and well -being is mostly just financial.
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How much money do I have?
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How much new things can I buy?
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You know, all that sort of thing.
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If you allow these businesses to, I guess, in the free market example, you have 100 people, but there's no illegal immigration,
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but there's no minimum wage.
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These people are naturally incentivized to get together and agree, you know, we won't accept any wage lower than this,
124
like collective bargaining, which is kind of like a socialist principle.
125
So I guess I'm just proposing.
126
Well, they can do that, but at the end of the day, the business owner will be able to decide, right?
127
It's true.
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And if these people, then they're going to starve.
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You know, you work or don't eat.
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I guess that's fair, yeah.
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That's how you've got to look at it, you know.
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These are able -bodied people.
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So, I guess how you put it...
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I'll end it with this, just back and forth.
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Because I know I've got other people in line.
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I don't want everyone to get held up.
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I guess I'll come back later.
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But in order to solve the illegal immigration problem in an incentive purpose, you would have to lower the minimum,
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or you'd have to remove minimum wages to allow for dynamic labor?
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Yes.
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that is definitely part of the problem yes i just personally worry
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that this kind of decreases your average living
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and i think it makes people on a i think people as a whole would come together
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if they're getting paid
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so little yeah i mean that's what unions are yeah you know people have the ability to make unions
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and do those kind of things not that usually they do any good
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but um that that is their freedom to be able to do right yeah
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but like if a business was run by five of its own workers
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and there was no real incentive to make a massive amount of profit
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but more just i guess it doesn't work that way
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because uh they need to make profit to have their job secured
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but um like a business owned by its own workers would
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never support importing people to replace them for lower wages
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so they make more money so my argument is
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that businesses themselves as they're currently structured any employee wouldn't want someone to come in
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and take their job even if they don't own the means of production exactly
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but an executive would because they can pay them less
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so I'm just saying I'll end it here
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because I mean right it's kind of like why you have to stop illegal immigration
160
Thank you.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “移民搶工作，還是最低工資害的？大學生 vs 保守派 8 分鐘完整辯論｜中英字幕”. As palavras que mais se repetem: wage, minimum, guess, immigration, illegal. Este vídeo tem 160 frases e 1945 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 9:03. O falante fala rápido, cerca de 215 palavras por minuto, então espere sons ligados e reduzidos. 88% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é fácil de acompanhar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| wage substantivo | /weɪd͡ʒ/ | salário, ordenado |
| immigration substantivo | /ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/ | imigração |
| citizen substantivo | /ˈsɪtɪzən/ | citadino, citadina |
| immigrant substantivo | /ˈɪmɪɡɹənt/ | imigrante |
| worker substantivo | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | trabalhador |
| naturally advérbio | /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/ | naturalmente |
| happiness substantivo | /ˈhæpinɪs/ | felicidade, alegria |
| regulation substantivo | /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/ | regulamento |
| principle substantivo | /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/ | princípio |
| dynamic adjetivo | /daɪˈnæm.ɪk/ | dinâmico |
| employer substantivo | /ɪmˈplɔɪə/ | empregador, empregadora |
| socialist substantivo | /ˈsoʊ.ʃə.lɪst/ | socialista |
| nowadays advérbio | /ˈnaʊ.ə.deɪz/ | hoje em dia, atualmente |
| buck substantivo | /ˈbʌk/ | macho, gamo |
| propose verbo | /pɹəˈpəʊz/ | propor |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| get together verbo | reunir |
| come back verbo | voltar |
| go down verbo | descer |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- You know, you work or don't eat.
- You've got to fire a guy, right?
- I understand where you're coming from.
- How much money do I have?
- How much new things can I buy?
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | are naturally incentivized · is desired · be paid |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | bargaining, which is · people who will |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 50 contrações e formas reduzidas, como don't, I'm, they're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/, thrive /θɹajv/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: immigration /ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/, regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/, socialist /ˈsoʊ.ʃə.lɪst/, inflation /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/, shaft /ˈʃɑːft/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: immigration /ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/, economics /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/, capitalist /ˈkæp.ɪ.tə.lɪst/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: immigrant /ˈɪmɪɡɹənt/, input /ˈɪnpʊt/, dynamic /daɪˈnæm.ɪk/, socialist /ˈsoʊ.ʃə.lɪst/, buck /ˈbʌk/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: principle /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/, skill /skɪl/, enable /ɪˈneɪ.bəl/, worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, inherent /ɪnˈhɪəɹənt/, inherently /ɪnˈhɛɹəntli/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como wage, immigration, citizen.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.