Практика Shadowing: Cambridge IELTS 10. Test 2. Listening Section 3 - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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Section 3.
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You will hear two anthropology students called Victor and Olivia discussing their joint presentation about a Norwegian explorer called Tor Heyerdahl.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 24.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 24.
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Right, well, for our presentation, shall I start with the early life of Tor Heyerdahl?
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Sure.
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Why don't you begin with describing the type of boy he was, especially his passion for collecting things?
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That's right.
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He had his own little museum.
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And I think it's unusual for children to develop their own values and not join in their parents' hobbies.
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I'm thinking of how Hayerdahl wouldn't go hunting with his dad, for example.
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Yeah, he preferred to learn about nature by listening to his mother read to him.
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And quite early on, he knew he wanted to become an explorer when he grew up.
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That came from his camping trips he went on in Norway, I think.
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No, it was climbing that he spent his time on as a young man.
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Oh, right.
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After university, he married a classmate,
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and together they decided to experience living on a small island to find out how harsh weather conditions shaped people's lifestyles.
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As part of their preparation, before they left home, they learnt basic survival skills, like building a shelter.
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I guess they needed that knowledge in order to live wild in a remote location with few inhabitants, cut off by the sea, which is what they were aiming to do.
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An important part of your talk should be the radical theory Hayard Al formed from examining mysterious ancient carvings
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that he happened to find on the island.
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I think you should finish with that.
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Okay.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 25-30.
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Thank you.
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All right, Victor, so after your part, I'll talk about Tor Haidahl's adult life, continuing from the theory he had about Polynesian migration.
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Up until that time, of course, academics had believed that humans first migrated to the islands in Polynesia from Asia in the West.
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Yes, they thought that travel from the east was impossible
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because of the huge empty stretch of ocean that lies between the islands and the nearest inhabited land.
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Yes, but Hayardal spent ages studying the cloud movements, ocean currents and wind patterns to find if it was actually possible.
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And another argument was that there was no tradition of large shipbuilding in the communities lying to the east of Polynesia.
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But Hayardal knew they made lots of coastal voyages in locally built canoes.
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Yes, or sailing on rafts, as was shown by the long voyage that Hayerdal did next.
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It was an incredibly risky journey to undertake.
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Sometimes I wonder if he did that trip for private reasons, you know, to show others that he could have spectacular adventures.
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What do you think, Olivia?
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Well, I think it was more a matter of simply trying out his idea, to see if migration from the East was possible.
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Yes, that's probably it.
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And the poor guy suffered a bit at that time because the war forced him to stop his work for some years.
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Yes.
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When he got started again and planned his epic voyage, do you think it was important to him that he achieve it before anyone else did?
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Um, I haven't read anywhere that that was his motivation.
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The most important factor seems to have been that he used only ancient techniques and local materials to build his raft.
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Yes.
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I wonder how fast it went.
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Well, it took them 97 days from South America to the Pacific Islands.
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Mmm.
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And after that, Haidtel went to Easter Island, didn't he?
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We should mention the purpose of that trip.
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I think he sailed there in a boat made out of reeds.
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No, that was later on in Egypt, Olivia.
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Oh yes, that's right.
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But what he wanted to do was talk to the local people about their old stone carvings, and then make one himself to learn more about the process.
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I see.
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Well, what a great life.
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Even though many of his theories have been disproven, he certainly left a lasting impression on many disciplines, didn't he?
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To my mind, he was the first person to establish what modern academics call practical archaeology.
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I mean, that they try to recreate something from the past today, like he did with his raft trip.
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It's unfortunate that his ideas about where Polynesians originated from have been completely discredited.
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Yes.
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Right, well, I'll prepare a PowerPoint slide at the end that acknowledges our sources.
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I mainly used The Life and Work of Thor Heyerdahl by William Oliver.
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I thought the research methods he used were very sound, although I must say I found the overall tone somewhat old-fashioned.
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I think they need to do a new, revised edition.
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Yeah, I agree.
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What about the subject matter?
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I found it really challenging.
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Well, it's a complex issue.
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I thought the book had lots of good points.
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What did you think of the illustration?
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That is the end of Section 3.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Now turn to section 4.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня B2 построен на видео «Cambridge IELTS 10. Test 2. Listening Section 3». Чаще всего повторяются слова: island, trip, Heyerdahl, raft, Tor. В этом видео 74 предложений и 869 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 7:24. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 117 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. 82% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| raft существительное | /ɹæft/ | плот, рафт |
| voyage существительное | /ˈvɔɪ.ɪd͡ʒ/ | путеше́ствие, пла́вание |
| carving существительное | /ˈkɑɹvɪŋ/ | резьба́ |
| explorer существительное | /ɛkˈsplɔːɹə(ɹ)/ | иссле́дователь, иссле́довательница |
| sail существительное | /seɪl/ | па́рус, ветри́ло |
| migration существительное | /maɪˈɡɹeɪʃ(ə)n/ | мигра́ция, переселе́ние |
| classmate существительное | /ˈklæs.meɪt/ | однокла́ссник, однокла́ссница |
| discredit глагол | /dɪsˈkɹɛd.ɪt/ | дискредити́ровать, позо́рить |
| disprove глагол | /dɪsˈpɹuv/ | опроверга́ть, опрове́ргнуть |
| inhabitant существительное | /ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/ | жи́тель, жи́тельница |
| migrate глагол | /maɪˈɡɹeɪt/ | мигри́ровать, соверша́ть перелёт |
| originate глагол | /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪneɪt/ | происходи́ть, произойти́ |
| revise глагол | /ɹɪˈvaɪz/ | пересма́тривать, пересмотре́ть |
| shipbuilding существительное | судострое́ние, кораблестрое́ние | |
| canoe существительное | /kəˈnuː/ | кано́э, байда́рка |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| cut off глагол | /ˌkʌt ˈɔf/ [ˌkɐɾ ˈɔf] | отреза́ть, отре́зать |
| find out глагол | узнава́ть, узна́ть | |
| grow up глагол | расти́, выраста́ть | |
| try out глагол | про́бовать, попро́бовать |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 8 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например didn't, I'll, don't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: migration /maɪˈɡɹeɪʃ(ə)n/, illustration /ˌɪləsˈtɹeɪ̯ʃən/, harsh /ˈhɑɹʃ/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: inhabitant /ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/, originate /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪneɪt/, inhabited /ɪnˈhæbɪtɪd/, archaeology /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, anthropology /ˌænθɹəˈpɑləd͡ʒi/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: inhabitant /ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/, inhabited /ɪnˈhæbɪtɪd/, hobby /ˈhɑ.bi/, harsh /ˈhɑɹʃ/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: voyage /ˈvɔɪ.ɪd͡ʒ/, disprove /dɪsˈpɹuv/, revise /ɹɪˈvaɪz/, inhabited /ɪnˈhæbɪtɪd/, reed /ɹiːd/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как raft, voyage, carving.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.