Практика Shadowing: Ken Burns - Stanford Commencement 2016 - shortened - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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You know, it's terribly fashionable these days to criticize the United States government, the institution Lincoln was trying to save,
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to blame it for all the ills known to humankind.
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And my goodness, ladies and gentlemen, let's be honest, it has made more than its fair share of catastrophic mistakes.
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But you would be hard pressed to find in all of human history a greater force for good.
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From our Declaration of Independence to our Constitution and Bill of Rights, from Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation and the 13th,
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14th, 15th, and women 19th Amendments, to the Land Grant College and Homestead Acts,
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from the Transcontinental Railroad and our National Parks to Child Labor Laws, Social Security, and the National Labor Relation Acts,
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from the GI Bill and the Interstate Highway System to putting a man on the moon and the affordable Care Act,
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the United States government has been the author of many of the best aspects of our public and personal lives.
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But if you tune in to politics, if you listen to the rhetoric of this election cycle,
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you you are made painfully aware that everything is going to hell in a handbasket,
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and the chief culprit is our evil government.
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Part of the reason this kind of criticism sticks is
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because we live in an age of social media where we are constantly assured that we are all independent, free agents.
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But that free agency is essentially unconnected to real community,
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divorced from civic engagement, duped into believing in our own lonely primacy
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by a sophisticated media culture that requires you know desperately needs you to live in an all-consuming disposable present,
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wearing the right blue jeans, driving the right car, carrying the right handbag, eating at all the right places,
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blissfully unaware of the historical tides that have brought us to this moment blissfully uninterested in where those tides might take us.
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Our spurious sovereignty is reinforced and perpetually underscored to our obvious and great comfort.
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But this kind of existence actually ingrains in us a stultifying sameness that rewards conformity,
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not courage, ignorance and anti-intellectualism, not critical thinking.
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This wouldn't be so bad if we were just wasting our own lives.
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But this year, our political future depends on it.
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And there comes a time when I and you can no longer remain neutral, silent.
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We must speak up and speak out.
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For 216 years, our elections,
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though bitterly contested, have featured the philosophies and characters of candidates who were clearly qualified.
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That is not the case this year.
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One is glaringly not qualified.
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So before you do anything with your well-earned degree,
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you must do everything you can to defeat the retrograde forces that have invaded our democratic process,
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divided our house, to fight against, no matter your political persuasion,
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the dictatorial tendencies of the candidate with zero experience in the much malign but subtle art of governance.
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Who is against lots of things, but doesn't seem to be for anything,
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offering only bombastic and contradictory promises and terrifying Orwellian statesman.
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A person who easily lies, creating an environment where the truth doesn't seem to matter,
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who has never demonstrated any interest in anyone or anything but himself and his own enrichment.
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who insults veterans, threatens a free press, mocks the handicap, denigrates women, immigrants, and all Muslims.
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A man who took more than a day to remember to disavow a supporter who advocates white supremacy
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and the Ku Klux Klan.
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An infantile, bullying man who, depending on his mood, is willing to discard old and established alliances,
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treaties, and long-standing relationships.
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I feel genuine sorrow for the understandably scared and they feel powerless people who have flocked to his campaign
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in the mistaken belief that, as often happens on TV,
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a wand can be waived and every complicated problem can be solved with the simplest of solutions.
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They can't.
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It is a political Ponzi scheme.
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And asking this man to assume the highest office in the land
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would be like asking a newly minted car driver to fly a 747.
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As a student of history, I recognize this type.
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He emerges everywhere and in all eras.
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We see nurtured in his campaign an incipient proto-fascism,
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a nativist, anti-immigrant know-nothingism, a disrespect for the judiciary,
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the prospect of women losing authority over their own bodies, African Americans again asked to go to the back of the line,
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voter suppression gleefully promoted, jingoistic saber-rattling, a total lack of historical awareness,
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a political paranoia that predictably points fingers, always making the other wrong.
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These are all virulent strains that have at times infected us in the past,
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but they now loom in front of us again, all happening at once.
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We know from our history books that these are the diseases of ancient and now fallen empires.
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We know from our history books that these are the diseases of ancient and now fallen empires.
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The sense of commonwealth, of shared sacrifice, of trust, so much a part of American life is eroding fast,
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spurred along and amplified by an amoral internet
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that permits a lie to circle the globe three times before the truth can get started.
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We no longer have the luxury of neutrality or balance or even bemused disdain.
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Many of our media institutions have largely failed to expose this charlatan,
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torn between a nagging responsibility to good journalism and the big ratings a media circus always delivers.
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In fact, they have given him the abundant airtime he so desperately craves,
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so much so that it has actually worn down our natural human revulsion to this kind of behavior.
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Hey, he's rich.
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He must be doing something right.
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He's not.
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Edward R.
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Murrow would have exposed this naked emperor months ago.
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He is an insult to our history.
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And do not be deceived by his momentary good behavior.
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It's only a spoiled, misbehaving child hoping somehow to still have dessert.
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This ...
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And do not think that the tragedy in Orlando underscores his points.
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It does not.
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We must disenthrall ourselves, as Abraham Lincoln said, from the culture of violence and guns, and then we shall save our country.
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This, ladies and gentlemen, is not a liberal or conservative issue, a red state, blue state divide.
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This is an American issue.
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Many honorable people, including the last two Republican presidents, members of the party of Abraham Lincoln,
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have declined to support him.
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And I implore those Vichy Republicans who have endorsed him to please, please reconsider.
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We must remain committed to the kindness and community that are the hallmarks of civilization and reject the troubling,
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unfiltered Tourette's of his tribalism.
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The next few months of your commencement, that is to say your future, will be critical to the survival of the Republic.
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The occasion is piled high with difficulty.
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Let us pledge here today
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that we will not let this happen to the exquisite yet deeply flawed land we all love
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and cherish and hope to leave intact to our posterity.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня C1 построен на видео «Ken Burns - Stanford Commencement 2016 - shortened». В этом видео 93 предложений и 1171 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 10:26. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 112 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. Только 77% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| underscore существительное | /ˈʌn.dɚˌskoɹ/ | подчёркивание |
| desperately наречие | /ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹət.li/ | отча́янно |
| insult существительное | /ɪnˈsʌlt/ | оскорбле́ние, оби́да |
| immigrant существительное | /ˈɪmɪɡɹənt/ | иммигра́нт, иммигра́нтка |
| airtime существительное | эфи́рное вре́мя | |
| amoral прилагательное | /eɪˈmɔɹ.əl/ | амора́льный |
| amplify глагол | /ˈæm.plə.faɪ/ | увеличивать |
| bemuse глагол | /bɪˈmjuːz/ | поража́ть, ошеломлять |
| bitterly наречие | /ˈbɪtəɹli/ | го́рько |
| bombastic прилагательное | /bɑmˈbæs.tɪk/ | напы́щенный, помпе́зный |
| charlatan существительное | /ˈʃɑɹlətən/ | шарлата́н, шарлата́нка |
| commencement существительное | /kəˈmɛnsmənt/ | нача́ло |
| conformity существительное | /kənˈfɔːmɪti/ | соотве́тствие |
| contradictory прилагательное | /ˌkɑntɹəˈdɪktəɹi/ | противоре́чащий |
| culprit существительное | /ˈkʌlpɹɪt/ | вино́вник, обвиня́емый |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| speak up глагол | /ˌspik ˈʌp/ | говорить громче |
| wear down глагол | изма́тывать, измота́ть |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | has made · has been · have brought |
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | are made · is reinforced · can be waived |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | person who easily · man who took · people who have |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 4 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например doesn't, can't, wouldn't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: charlatan /ˈʃɑɹlətən/, persuasion /pɚˈsweɪʒən/, revulsion /ɹɪˈvʌlʃən/, cherish /ˈt͡ʃɛɹɪʃ/, fashionable /ˈfæʃənəbl̩/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: desperately /ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹət.li/, conformity /kənˈfɔːmɪti/, contradictory /ˌkɑntɹəˈdɪktəɹi/, dictatorial [dɪktəˈtɔːɹɪəɫ], incipient /ɪnˈsɪp.i.ənt/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как underscore, desperately, insult.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.