ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: 190826 BBC London, Evening News
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Thanks very much Clive.
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Good evening from BBC London.
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Coming up, measuring the impact of the ultra low emission zone, we hear from scientists and school children who took part in a lung study.
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It's been great to have been a part of the study for so many years.
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The idea of breathing in lots of harmful fumes isn't a nice one
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and knowing that I've been a part of something that will hopefully end up lowering those emissions is a very nice feeling.
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Clean air campaigners say ULES doesn't go far enough, also tonight.
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A fire involving 50 tonnes of household waste severely damages a recycling facility in South Bermondsey and causes major travel disruption.
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Plus, from ferns to tropical blooms, the Barbican Conservatory gives away free plant cuttings as the greenhouse closes for renovations. And...
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Very exciting.
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It was something different, something that London had never seen before.
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What it was like on the first night shift as a night tube was launched in London 10 years ago today.
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A very warm welcome to the programme.
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We start with more on the impact of London's ultra-low emission zone.
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It was a controversial move that frustrated some drivers, but was welcomed by environmental campaigners.
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Now, seven years on, a new study suggests it has improved children's lungs.
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Scientists at Queen Mary University of London monitored primary pupils in the capital before ULES was introduced,
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finding they had significantly smaller lungs than children living in Luton.
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Five years later, the lung health of the London school children had caught up.
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Here's our environment correspondent, Tom Edwards.
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It was introduced in London as a public health policy, but what impact has the ultra low emission zone had?
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Go!
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Squeak, squeak, squeak, squeak, squeak, squeak, squeak.
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Over five years researchers have been measuring the lungs of 3,000 school children in central London and Luton, where there is no clean air zone.
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The comparison, researchers say, show the ULES works works.
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It's a really big deal to show, particularly the ULES has been a very controversial public health measure,
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you know, and there's a lot of arguments that people say that it's a money making measure, you know, that it really, it's punishing for people.
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But I think it's really important that we've shown that as intended, it was brought in to improve people's health.
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And we've shown that it actually has improved the health of children living in Who has got asthma?
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Does anybody know anybody's got asthma?
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The ultra-low emission zone was introduced in 2019 by the mayor Sadiq Khan.
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Older, more polluting vehicles had to pay a charge to drive in central London.
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In 2023, it expanded to cover the whole of the capital.
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It provoked opposition and protests.
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Due to higher pollution, London's children had smaller lungs.
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Let's check that this one's a bit too properly.
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But the study showed after Euless, lung growth caught up with those in Luton.
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These children were part of the study and sent us their reaction.
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I think the results of the study are quite brilliant
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because it shows that cutting down traffic to make actually works to protect our environment
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and it proves we can make the streets a much nicer and healthier place to grow up in.
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It's been great to have been a part of the study for so many years.
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The idea of breathing in lots of harmful fumes isn't a nice one
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and knowing that I've been a part of something that will hopefully end up lowering those emissions is a very nice feeling.
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Critics say other reasons like the pandemic or active travel may have been behind the improvement.
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The report's authors dispute that.
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And the study also showed clinical interventions fell more sharply in London than Luton after Euless.
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For me, I also think, you know, I'm a taxpayer, I'm a Londoner.
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If things are done and they're expensive and they're disruptive to the citizens of London, they need to know that they work.
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And to do that means you've got to do proper evaluations
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and they don't come cheap and they take a very long time to do properly.
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But that's exactly what this is.
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It's evidence that you can take back to the population and say all the suffering, all the disruption you may have experienced was for a good reason.
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Ellie Kissy Deborah lived near the South Circular.
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She was the first person in the world to have air pollution listed as a cause of death on her death certificate.
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Yes, we must celebrate.
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And he was brave of the mayor of London to do what he did.
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But he would tell you, if he was in the studio, I met with his deputy just last week.
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I'm pushing for more.
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You know, I've managed to get 200 filters into school.
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And what I said to them last week, can I have some more, please?
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Because there are more than 200 schools in London.
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The mayor of London has called this study a vindication,
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but pollution levels in London are still above health guidelines and campaigners say there's still much work to be done. And Tom's here.
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Tom, you followed the whole ULES journey.
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What's your take on this?
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Well, it's certainly been a long and interesting journey, hasn't it?
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And, of course, I think initially you could argue that the comms,
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the mitigation, the scrappage could have been better and it's not to say some people still won't be convinced by this research.
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But I think if you look at a lot of these public health schemes, I'm thinking about the Clean Air Act, smoking in pubs.
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At the time, they do face opposition and criticism.
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But on balance, I think eventually the majority of people accept them
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and think they are a good thing and that London and Londoners should have cleaner air.
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And other cities will be looking at this.
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Yeah, lots of cities actually do have less strict clean air zones and others are looking at them.
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But London is an outlier, remains by far the most ambitious scheme in the UK.
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And the researchers say if you want to make improvements to health, then schemes like ULEZ, they are the answer.
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OK, Tom, for now, thank you.
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That's our environment correspondent, Tom Edwards.
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Let's turn now to what the Prime Minister has today described as a real tragedy.
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It has emerged that the family who died after being swept out to sea offshore in West Sussex yesterday lived in London.
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Well, Asad joins me now.
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What is the latest we know?
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Riz, this is the latest in a string of tragedies where people have drowned in what looks like open water swimming.
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In this case, a father, a mother and a daughter drowned in the sea offshore in West Sussex yesterday afternoon.
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Now, investigations are continuing as to what exactly happened.
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But at this stage, police are saying it looks like a tragic accident.
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The dead were named today as 55-year-old Hassan El-Hawas, his wife Zina Alain, and their 14-year-old daughter, Sarah El-Hawas.
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Another younger daughter was rescued.
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She's currently in a critical condition in hospital.
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The family are all British and of Palestinian origin.
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Local people say they had never seen a rescue operation of this size.
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There were helicopters in the air, ambulances, police, the RNLI were all at the scene working hard to do what they could for the family.
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As you'd expect, huge shock in the area.
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And tonight, a local church is opening its doors so people can come in, they can talk, they can chat, they can pray.
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And sadly, this tragedy hasn't been the only drowning this summer.
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No, it's really sad.
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And like I said, there are actually too many tragedies for me to list right now.
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In Sussex alone, this is the third major tragedy this summer.
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Back in May, the bodies of three sisters from London were pulled from the beach in Brighton.
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Last Sunday, a teenage Londoner died off Canberra Sands.
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Also last weekend, a 12-year-old boy drowned in the River Lee near Hackney.
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A few weeks ago in July, you'll remember three members of the same family died after getting into difficulty in West Mercia in Essex.
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The list goes on.
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And the warnings of the dangers of open water swimming continue.
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The Prime Minister has reiterated them.
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Coming back to these particular deaths of the family, there is a live page on the BBC London website for people to read.
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And our thoughts, of course, with the family.
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So, for now, thank you.
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Let me bring you a round-up now of some of the day's other news.
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Police have launched an investigation after a 33-year-old man was found dead at Charlton Athletics football ground.
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The London Ambulance Service was called to the Valley Stadium yesterday morning.
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Police say the man was pronounced dead at the scene.
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His next of kin have been informed and are receiving support from officers.
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Reports of anti-Muslim hate and prejudice in London in the first half of the year have surpassed the total number in 2023,
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according to Telmama, an organisation monitoring the issue, which has also called it alarming.
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London's mayor says anti-Muslim hate has absolutely no place in London.
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The Met says arrests and charges for such crimes rose by 57% in the past year.
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And swimmers and paddleboarders in southwest London have been warned to stay out of the Thames in Ham and Kingston
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because of pollution by toxic algae.
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The section had recently become a designated bathing area.
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The potentially toxic blue-green algae was confirmed by the Environment Agency.
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Exposure to it can cause health effects in people and animals.
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A fire at a waste recycling centre involving 50 tonnes of
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household waste has caused major disruption to train services in south-east London.
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It's the second time firefighters have tackled a blaze there this summer.
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Thomas McGill has more.
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A railside fire at a recycling facility in New Cross which broke out shortly before 8pm last night.
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Local workers say it took hold within minutes.
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It was just absolutely raining down, just debris, everything.
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It was pretty apocalyptic to be honest.
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Embers coming down, just carnage.
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And obviously the police weren't letting people leave so you had to sort of wait and it was a bit like well, not really that safe to keep people waiting next to a burning building is it?
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So yeah, it was just pretty scary.
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At its peak around 100 firefighters and 15 appliances attended the blaze, which involved around 50 tonnes of household waste.
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And it led to major rail disruption last night with many services cancelled or delayed.
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And the impact has also been felt by commuters this morning, with part of the Windrush line between New Cross and Surrey Quay suspended.
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TfL say that is due to an unsafe structure near the railway.
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Most train services have now returned to normal.
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According to some people in the area, this is the second fire at the same depot in recent months.
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It's unclear what caused it, but recycling bosses have previously warned batteries are becoming a major hazard in centres like this one.
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London Fire Brigade say the blaze is under control and
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that crews will remain at the scene to extinguish any remaining pockets of fire.
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Thomas McGill, BBC London.
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Next tonight, a family say they are shocked
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and sad at being refused service at a pizza express at South Mim Services near Potter's Bar
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after bringing in food for their son who's lived with allergies all his life.
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Among other things, he is severely allergic to cow's milk, coconut, lentils and nuts.
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The family were turned away from the restaurant and say nine-year-old Francis was left feeling like it was all his fault.
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Pizza Express has apologised.
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Zoe O'Brien has been to meet them.
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Every meal when your child has allergies involves careful consideration.
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Aged just nine, Francis knows why his parents take extra care.
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He's already an award-winning speaker on why it matters.
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I'm anaphylactic to milk, plus I'm allergic to coconut, peas, lentils and some tree nuts.
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What this means is I could get a bumpy lip, rash on my skin, maybe even be sick.
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But I'm really scared about the fact that my foot closed up, which means I can't breathe.
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Which means I could die, which is not good.
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With anaphylaxis, eating out can be risky.
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It's never been an issue taking his own food into a
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restaurant whilst his family eats from the menu until they were turned away by Pizza Express in South Mimms last week, a decision which was hard to understand.
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I felt like it was my fault.
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His parents now want restaurants to ensure they're implementing policies that accept all customers,
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including those who still feel unsure about using free-from menus.
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So we choose not to take that risk because he has anaphylaxis.
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While restaurants can arrange their own policies regarding outside food,
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they should also consider the Equalities Act 2010 and make reasonable adjustments for people with disabilities or medical conditions.
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There's no legal requirement for restaurants to allow outside food in, but experts say there must be increased awareness and social acceptance.
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It's a huge issue for people with food allergies and other allergies
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about not being able to take part in all the things that everybody else just takes for granted.
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In the same way that none of us would find it acceptable
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if a restaurant didn't let somebody in because they're in a wheelchair, I'd love it to be seen in the same way, that it's just not acceptable that a restaurant wouldn't accommodate somebody because of their food allergies.
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A spokesperson for Pizza Express said it does allow those with certain allergies to bring their own food subject to safety controls.
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The chain apologised for what it called an isolated incident, adding that it recognised the policy was not implemented correctly and that inclusivity is at its core.
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It impacts every single aspect of your life on everyday things and everyday decisions and situations.
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So I would advise them to have someone who has got a serious allergy to come in and talk to them.
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Francis isn't going to let one bad experience get him down, but his family hopes hospitality staff can hear his story,
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understand the impact and make allowances for everyone who comes through their door.
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Zoe O'Brien, BBC London.
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Nine-year-old Francis's story.
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Well, our reporter Alba Patel joins me.
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Campaigners believe that this is about more than one family's experience.
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Yeah, that's right.
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I've been speaking to campaigners and experts who say this is much broader than this one story.
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It's estimated that around two million people live with allergies.
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And one expert, Professor Adams Fox, you saw him in that piece there, he advises government on allergy policy.
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He says far too many people are still facing barriers in everyday life
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because businesses and organisations aren't always sure about how to accommodate people with food allergies.
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It's important to remember that it's not a lifestyle choice.
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It is a medical condition.
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But having said that, so much progress has been made over the past five years.
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We've had Natasha's Law, which has brought in clearer labelling on pre-packed foods.
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And when schools reopen in September, we've got Benedict's Law being rolled out.
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That will mean that every school has to have allergy policies, staff need to be trained, and they need to have emergency adrenaline pens as well.
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What campaigners want to see next is Owens Law.
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That would mean that all restaurants and other places would need to label menus transparently and properly.
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They say the goal is simple, that families like Francis's shouldn't have to bring a packed lunch to a restaurant or be left out altogether.
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It's simple, bring the law in and then people will feel safe and secure.
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OK.
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Alper, many thanks for that.
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Alper Patel.
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It's lovely to have you with us this evening, still to come before the end of the programme.
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This is pickleball.
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It's a sport that's very much on the up right now.
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And a little later I'll speak to the England captain ahead of this month's World Cup.
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We're going to take you now to a tropical oasis in the capital and London's second largest greenhouse.
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Because the Barbican Conservatory is preparing for a major multi-million pound renovation ahead of its 50th anniversary.
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It means all the plants will need to be removed
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and some Londoners could end up with a living piece of Barbican history.
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Our reporter Barry Caffrey is there.
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Alex, can explain, can't you, Barry?
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Certainly can, Riz.
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Yes, the conservatory here at the Barbican is an oasis of calm,
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but this structure is dated and it's going to shut in January for three years of refurbishments.
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And as a result, the Barbican Centre is giving away more than 2,000 plant cuttings to people for free.
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It's so they can take them away, take them home, look after them and have just a little bit of the Barbican with them at home.
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These were the first people to get their hands on a plant cutting from the Barbican's iconic conservatory.
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The conservatory is really a completely unique space and one of my favourites actually in London.
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It's really built as a garden for the people if you like.
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It wraps around the fly tower of the theatre.
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Pip Simpson is Chief Operating Officer at the Barbican Centre.
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We have 800 different species of plants in the Conservatory and we've taken 2,000 cuttings.
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So there's plenty to choose from.
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The members of the public coming today have booked tickets online.
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They're free.
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So we've got 500 plants to give away, 500 people coming.
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We'll release more tickets as we progress.
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So probably over the next couple of months, you'll find 500 more for the public and also for our young Barbican members.
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We love the idea of the Barbican sort of breaking out of its walls and existing around London.
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There are so many people out there who absolutely love this space.
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And so we have a life outside our walls and also sort of seeding the future, if you like.
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It's like the plants of the Conservatory live on.
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The Conservatory opened in 1984 and its purpose was to hide the theatre's fly tower.
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But it has since become a firm favourite among visitors to the cultural complex.
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I mean, the Conservatory is such an iconic spot in London.
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We kind of try to visit it whenever possible.
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So, yeah, it's exciting to get a piece of the conservatory before it closes down.
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You only need to wander around and you see what fantastic plants are here.
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Can I ask, do you know which plant you're going to get, or how does that work?
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So, yeah, I think I'm getting the Swedish Ivy, just mostly because they think it'll be nice on the balcony when it starts growing over the edge of it.
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So I'm here with Sue, one of the lucky people who's about to get her hands on one of the plant cuttings.
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I'm going to present you now, Sue, with your plant.
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You've got...
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Thank you.
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A Bengal day flower.
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Oh, that looks amazing.
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Are you going to look after it?
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Oh, very much so.
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Look at it.
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It's beautiful.
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It's a trailer.
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It's got a blue flower as well.
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Maybe that's for luck.
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I think so.
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It's going to go on a very high shelf.
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It'll look wonderful.
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Thank you so much.
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You're very welcome.
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And if anybody watching would like to get a cutting of their own, There will be further dates scheduled here before the end of the year.
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Barry Caffery, BBC London, at the Barbican.
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A happy customer there.
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Well, after the calm of the Conservatory, let's pick up the tempo a bit with pickleball, a racket sport that's on the rise with the World Cup taking place in a fortnight.
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England will be among the teams taking part and their captain is in the capital this evening, giving tips to people who are new to the game.
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We can join Chris Sleg at the Guildhall with more.
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Hi there Chris.
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Yeah Riz Pickleball really enjoying a surge in popularity here in the UK over the last couple of years.
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It's basically an easier sport to pick up than tennis.
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You've got a lower net, you've got a smaller court, you've got a hard plastic ball that doesn't bounce so much.
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And here at the Guildhall yard in the Culture Mile there's a couple of pop-up courts.
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We've got some people trying it for the very first time.
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You can come here and you can get free access to a court until next Thursday for at least 10 minutes.
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You can pay a bit more to have longer access to the court as well
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and here's what some of those people trying it for the first time have been telling me tonight about their experience.
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I'm enjoying myself so far I mean I play tennis myself
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so it's a variation of tennis you know not as much movement but still like got to be on the ball.
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It was quite challenging but an amazing environment and atmosphere to kind of play in.
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I think it is more accessible
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so tennis you tend to have a larger stature it's more technical more powerful shots
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so smaller court lighter bat lighter ball easy stuff never played it before
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but i've played other racket sports probably not since i've been at school though
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so i think i've got the knack of hitting the ball
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but the rules are confusing yeah this is the london sports festival organized by the uh central london alliance
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but somebody who certainly isn't playing for the first time is the England captain and Londoner Daniel Osborne.
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Daniel you're off to the World Cup in Vietnam.
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How are England going to do?
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We are fifth seeds out of 64 countries so we are ready for battle.
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We've got a good chance then.
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We have, we have.
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Obviously the US are strong favourites, national sport, you've got the Vietnamese, the Indians, it's going to be a tough battle.
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Now we saw 4,000 people play at the English Open recently in Birmingham.
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You were telling me that paddle is probably bigger in the UK right now, that's the other sport everyone's talking about, but you say globally pickleball is more popular?
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I think globally pickleball takes it at the moment
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but I think both sports have done an amazing job to
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get people playing activity enjoying social activity I mean they've done a great job so.
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What tips are you going to be giving to some of these first timers tonight?
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Well it's great to be at Guildhall in the cultural mile
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I'm going to be here on Friday doing a bit of coaching
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so you're going to have to kind of get yourself down here for a bit of that those those free tips.
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That's going to be great and there's going to be some free sessions for young people as well on Saturday.
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Listen, I'm going to let you go and dispense some of that advice now.
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We've got to say good luck to England at the World Cup in Vietnam.
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And why not come down here to the Guildhall Yard and try your hand at pickleball any time before next Thursday?
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I'll leave you, Chris, to give it a go.
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And, of course, as you say, good luck, England.
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Thanks very much.
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Now, if we cast our minds back 10 years ago today, London's first ever night tube was launched.
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Perhaps you remember it, perhaps you've used it since then.
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Well, for one 19-year-old customer service assistant for TfL, it was her first night shift at Tottenham Court Road Station.
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She tells us what it was like and how she felt like a part of history.
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It was very exciting.
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It was something different, something that London had never seen before.
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London needed it because it was an encouragement for our nightlife.
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Night Tube launch night really brought a buzz to the city.
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As a team, we all felt like we were part of something great.
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It was something that was new and we could feel that.
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I did feel like a part of history straight from the get-go.
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Night Tube being in place helps us encourage that nightlife because, you know, we all work.
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We all are out here working hard and it is nice to slow down
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and just enjoy yourself sometimes and making sure that the city is still safe enough for us to do that.
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That is why I think NightTube is so important and I think it's such a great thing that's been put in place.
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One of the memories that stayed with me for a very long time and as to why I even stuck with NightTube.
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My first few months in, we had a young lady that was around the same age as me, travelling through from a night out.
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And she had literally lost all her friends, she'd lost all her belongings.
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and I remember her coming into the station and looking at me and she just bursted out in tears.
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And we managed to get her home safely.
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And that memory will stand with me for my entire career.
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She did come through again on a night out.
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And she was like, oh, do you remember me?
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And she played back the story to me.
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And I was like, yes.
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And I was like, it's so nice to see you.
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Honestly, it's been life changing.
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Night Troop has shown me that the world is your oyster. That was lovely.
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Obeng reflecting on 10 years of the nightjew.
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Well, let's reflect on the weather now.
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Ansara is here.
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Lovely to see you.
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What have you got other than sort of moody skies?
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Well, I mean, it has been moody, hasn't it?
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Felt cool this morning.
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One of my colleagues brought a jacket in.
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I mean, we've not talked about jackets.
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You did too.
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Good, because you weren't listening to the forecast.
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You knew it was going to turn cooler and more unsettled.
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That's, of course, the big story of this week.
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And actually, the next couple of days, it's going to feel quite cool.
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Saturday morning I think you'll really notice quite a nip in
349
the air this was the story this morning the cloud we
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didn't see an awful lot of rain there I've got to say
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and then it did break up
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and we got some lovely blue skies this afternoon there are a couple of showers out there at the moment
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but most of it were dry until tomorrow tomorrow afternoon then we will have these heavy showers coming in
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and certainly it will feel cool I think tomorrow is one
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for the jackets certainly the umbrellas here's the this morning's rain
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you can see how we didn't see very much of it
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and then it's been clearing away here those showers I just referenced up towards the northwest
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and they're slowly going to make their way towards us as we go through the next couple of days
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because we have these little frontal systems around this area of low pressure.
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We have not said the words low pressure for most of this summer
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and actually high pressure behind me is going to build back in again at the weekend.
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So it's all very short-lived this.
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But as we go through the night tonight, maybe just one or two showers, no more than that we're expecting.
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And I think into tomorrow morning we're largely dry, some clear skies and out towards the suburbs that cooler feel.
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and then it's as the day wears on tomorrow especially into
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the afternoon we start to see these showers coming through now it's showers
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so of course that means they're hit and miss we won't all see them
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but when you do catch them there's a fairly light wind out there tomorrow
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and they're going to be slow moving as a consequence they're also going to be quite heavy with some hail
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and thunder mixed in
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and look at this these temperatures average for the time of year we've not said
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that for a while i want to skip forward to friday friday
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that cool fresh feel with some sunshine at first in the morning
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but again in the afternoon we'll see some showers coming through
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i think there are fewer than they're going to be tomorrow
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but there will be a cool feel just 20 degrees in some spots
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and then as i say high pressure is building back in at the weekend
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and with that we'll start to see the temperatures lifting again
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so some much needed rain in the form of showers next couple of days drier again at the weekend
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and slowly becoming a bit warmer next week too sarah thanks Thanks very much indeed.
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That is it for now.
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There is more on that tragic story of the family living in London who died after entering the water offshore room
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on a live page on the BBC News website that's being updated.
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From all of us on the BBC London team here, thanks for being with us.
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Take care and have a good evening.
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Bye-bye.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “190826 BBC London, Evening News” เป็นสื่อ วิดีโอนี้มี 386 ประโยค และ 4931 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 27:35 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 179 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน 84% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| allergy คำนาม | /ˈæl.əɹ.d͡ʒi/ | ภูมิแพ้ |
| lung คำนาม | /ˈlʌŋ/ | ปอด |
| tragedy คำนาม | /ˈtɹæd͡ʒ.ɪ.di/ | โศกนาฏกรรม |
| recycle คำกริยา | /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/ | รีไซเคิล |
| pollution คำนาม | /pəˈluʃən/ | มลภาวะ, มลพิษ |
| drown คำกริยา | /dɹaʊn/ | จมน้ำตาย |
| researcher คำนาม | /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ | นักวิจัย |
| alga คำนาม | /ˈæl.ɡə/ | สาหร่าย |
| firefighter คำนาม | /ˈfaɪ.ɚˌfaɪ.tɚ/ | พนักงานดับเพลิง |
| lentil คำนาม | /ˈlɛntəl/ | ถั่ว |
| oasis คำนาม | /oʊˈeɪsɪs/ | โอเอซิส |
| asthma คำนาม | /ˈæzmə/ | หืด |
| greenhouse คำนาม | /ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/ | เรือนกระจก |
| coconut คำนาม | /ˈkəʊ.kə.nʌt/ | มะพร้าว |
| warn คำกริยา | /woɹn/ | เตือน |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| pick up คำกริยา | ยก, หยิบ |
| break out คำกริยา | แหก |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- Does anybody know anybody's got asthma?
- Let's check that this one's a bit too properly.
- What's your take on this?
- What is the latest we know?
- Are you going to look after it?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่ | have been measuring · I've been speaking · have been telling |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | I've been · has improved · has been |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | was launched · was welcomed · was introduced |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | children who took · issue, which has · die, which is |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 92 ครั้ง เช่น I'm, we've, they're ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/, southwest /saʊθˈwɛst/, thunder /ˈθʌndɚ/, northwest /nɔɹθˈwɛst/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, disruption /dɪsˈɹʌpʃən/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/, offshore /ɒfˈʃɔː(ɹ)/, shelf /ʃɛlf/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: conservatory /kənˈsɝ.vəˌt(ɔ.)ɹi/, anaphylaxis /ˌænəfɪˈlæksɪs/, firefighter /ˈfaɪ.ɚˌfaɪ.tɚ/, correspondent /ˌkɔɹ.ɪˈspɑn.dənt/, accommodate /əˈkɑməˌdeɪt/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: recycle /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/, blaze /bleɪz/, anaphylaxis /ˌænəfɪˈlæksɪs/, lentil /ˈlɛntəl/, nightlife /ˈnaɪtˌlaɪf/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: conservatory /kənˈsɝ.vəˌt(ɔ.)ɹi/, visitor /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/, variation /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: blaze /bleɪz/, asthma /ˈæzmə/, designate /ˈdɛz.ɪɡ.neɪt/, confuse /kənˈfjuːz/, visitor /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง allergy, lung, tragedy เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ