ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: 쾌활한 폴리아나와 냉담한 이모 | 세계명작 | 리틀팍스 6단계 영어동화 | 폴리아나 1-3편 | Pollyanna
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265 ประโยค
หากประโยคสั้นหรือยาวเกินไป กดที่ Edit เพื่อปรับแก้
1
Little Fox Pollyanna, Chapter 1,
2
Miss Polly One fine June morning,
3
Miss Polly Harrington hurried into her kitchen.
4
Nancy, who was busy washing dishes, looked up in surprise.
5
Although Nancy had worked for Miss Polly for only two months, She'd never seen her employer hurry.
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Nancy, Miss Polly said.
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Yes, ma 'am, Nancy answered cheerfully as she continued drawing a picture.
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When I'm speaking, you should stop working and listen, Miss Polly said in a stern voice.
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Nancy set the picture on the counter and almost tipped it over.
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Yes, ma 'am, I will.
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I only kept working because you said to hurry with the dishes this morning.
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Miss Polly frowned.
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I didn't ask for explanations.
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I asked for your attention.
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Yes, ma 'am.
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Nancy struggled not to sigh.
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This was Nancy's first job, and she wondered if there was any way to please Miss Polly.
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Nancy had needed to find work when her father died suddenly.
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Her sick mother was left with Nancy, who was 16 and three younger children
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Before Nancy was hired, she only knew
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Miss Polly as one of the wealthiest residents of Beldingsville,
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Vermont Now Nancy knew her as a demanding woman who frowned if silverware clattered to the floor or doors banged
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Miss Polly never smiled, even when forks and doors were silent And she never gave
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Nancy a word of praise I want you to clean up the little room in the attic, Miss Polly said.
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After you remove the trunks and boxes, sweep the floor, then set up the cot.
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And where should I put the things I remove? In the front attic.
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Miss Polly paused for a moment.
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I suppose I should tell you that my niece, Miss Pollyanna Whittier, is coming to live with me.
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She's 11 years old, and that will be her room.
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Nancy's face broke into a wide grin.
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A little girl living here?
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Oh, that'll be nice.
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Nice?
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That isn't exactly the word I'd use.
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Miss Polly sniffed.
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However, I intend to make the best of the situation.
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I'm a good woman, and I know my duty.
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Nancy blushed.
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Of course, ma 'am.
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I wasn't saying that you weren't good.
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I mean, I was only thinking that, well, a child might brighten things up for you.
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I don't see any need for that.
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Miss Polly abruptly turned to leave the kitchen.
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Make sure you clean the corners of the room!
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She called over her shoulder.
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Yes, ma 'am.
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Nancy sighed and went back to drying dishes.
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A short time later, Miss Polly sat in her room, re -reading a letter.
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When the letter had arrived from out west, it contained an unpleasant surprise.
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Dear Miss Harrington, I regret to inform you that the Reverend John Whittier has died, making his daughter Pollyanna an orphan.
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A poor minister, he left nothing except a few books.
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I know that
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Reverend Whittier was your late sister's husband.
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Although your families didn't get along, he thought you might want to bring up Pollyanna for your sister's sake.
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A local couple is traveling to Boston this week, so they can accompany Pollyanna for most of the journey.
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In Boston, they'll put Pollyanna on a train to Beldingsville.
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I'll let you know what train she is on.
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I hope to hear from you soon.
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Sincerely, Jeremiah White Miss Polly shook her head as she remembered her sister
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Jenny, Pollyanna's mother.
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When Jenny was 20, she'd married Whittier against the wishes of her parents.
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They'd wanted her to marry a wealthy, older man, but she'd chosen the minister and moved far away.
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Miss Polly was 15 when her oldest sister married.
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For a while, Jenny wrote to her family, although they never replied.
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All Jenny's babies died except Pollyanna.
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Jenny named the baby for her two sisters, Polly and Anna.
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A few years later, Whittier wrote to say
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Jenny had died.
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Miss Polly was 40 now and alone in the world.
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Her parents and two sisters had all died.
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Some people pitied her lonely life and urged her to have a friend live with her.
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But Miss Polly welcomed neither their sympathy nor their advice.
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She wasn't lonely.
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She liked being by herself and preferred quiet.
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Miss Polly stood up and put away the letter.
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I'll do my duty and take in Jenny's daughter. But Pollyanna?
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What a ridiculous name.
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Pollyanna, Chapter 2, A Secret from the Past Nancy put all her energy into scrubbing and sweeping the little attic room.
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Remembering Miss Polly's instructions, she made sure the corners were especially clean.
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I wish I could clean out the corners of Miss Polly's heart, Nancy said as she swept up a cloud of dust.
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Nancy was afraid of Miss Polly, but she also had plenty of opinions about her employer.
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The idea of sticking that poor child way up here in this hot, tiny room!
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Nancy stopped to wipe some sweat from her face.
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In summer it's uncomfortable, and in winter there won't be any fireplace to warm her.
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With all the nice rooms in this house, Miss Polly picked this one.
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Unbelievable!
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For a while, Nancy worked in silence.
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Then she looked around the room in disgust.
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There were no pictures or colorful curtains.
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There was nothing to make the space bright or cheerful.
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Well, my part's done.
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Nancy wrung out a wet rag until her fingers ached.
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There's no dirt here or anything else.
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What a terrible place to put a homesick, lonely child.
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Nancy left the room and slammed the door.
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Oops.
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Nancy bit her lip in fear.
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Then she stood up tall and said, I don't care.
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I hope Miss Polly heard that and was annoyed.
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Nancy went into the backyard, where Tom, the gardener, was pulling weeds.
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She looked quickly over her shoulder to be sure
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Miss Polly wasn't watching.
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Tom, did you know a child is coming to live here?
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Coming to live with Miss Polly?
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The old man straightened up with difficulty.
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You must be joking.
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Miss Polly told me herself.
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It's her niece, Pollyanna, and she's an 11 -year -old orphan.
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Tom smiled.
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That must be Miss Jenny's girl.
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I can't believe these old eyes will actually get to see her.
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Who's Miss Jenny?
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Nancy asked.
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She was Miss Polly's sister, and she was wonderful, Tom said.
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Such a kind person.
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Miss Jenny left here to marry a minister a long time ago.
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Last we'd heard, she'd died.
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Well, Miss Polly is making Pollyanna sleep in the attic.
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Nancy glanced over her shoulder again to be sure
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Miss Polly wasn't nearby.
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Miss Polly should be ashamed of herself.
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Tom went back to pulling weeds but started chuckling.
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What's so funny?
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Nancy asked, squatting next to him.
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I wonder what
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Miss Polly will do with a child in the house.
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I wonder what a child will do with Miss Polly in the house.
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Now Tom was laughing heartily.
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It's obvious you're not fond of Miss Polly.
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As if anybody could be fond of her.
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Nancy yanked out a weed and tossed it into Tom's wheelbarrow.
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Tom raised his eyebrows.
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I guess you don't know about Miss Polly's broken engagement.
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Broken engagement?
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Her?
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Tom nodded.
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The fellow still lives right here in town. Who is it?
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Nancy looked at him eagerly.
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Tom put a hand on his aching back and stood up.
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No, no, I can't tell you.
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It's not right that I revealed
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Miss Polly's secret.
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It just doesn't seem possible.
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Think of it like a mystery in one of those books you're always reading.
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Tom teased her.
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Nancy shook her head.
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I still don't believe that anyone could be in love with Miss Polly.
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Years ago, Miss Polly was quite pretty.
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And she would be now.
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Tom hesitated.
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If she let herself.
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Pretty?
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Miss Polly?
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Yes.
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She didn't always pull her hair back so tight.
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She used to wear flowers on her bonnets and lace trim on her dresses.
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If she did all that again, you'd say she's not so old.
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Well, she does a good imitation of a cranky old person.
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There's no pleasing her now.
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That's certainly true.
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It all started with that argument with her, sweetheart.
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She shouldn't take it out on us, Nancy said.
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If my family didn't need the money, I'd quit.
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One day I'll get so mad that I'll say something I shouldn't, and she'll fire me.
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Nancy?
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A sharp voice called from a window.
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Nancy's eyes widened in fear, and she dashed for the house.
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Yes, ma 'am.
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I'm coming, ma 'am.
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Pollyanna.
171
Chapter 3.
172
Pollyanna Arrives.
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The afternoon before Pollyanna's arrival, Miss Polly inspected the attic room.
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A fly buzzed at one of the closed windows trying to escape.
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Miss Polly killed the fly, opened the window, and swept the fly outside.
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Then she went downstairs and stood at the kitchen door.
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Nancy?
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Miss Polly said.
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I found a fly in Miss Pollyanna's room.
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Until the new screens come, keep the windows closed.
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Nancy stopped ironing.
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Yes, ma 'am.
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My niece will arrive tomorrow afternoon at four o 'clock.
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Miss Polly went on.
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Tom will drive you to the station to meet her.
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The telegram said blonde hair, red gingham dress, straw hat.
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That's all I know, but that's enough information for you to find her.
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Yes, ma 'am, Nancy said again.
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But shouldn't you...
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No, I don't need to go.
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Miss Polly walked away.
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Nancy picked up her iron.
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Blonde hair, red gingham dress, straw hat.
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I'd be ashamed to admit that's all I know about my only niece.
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The next afternoon, Tom drove
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Nancy to the station.
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As the train whistle sounded, Nancy was suddenly nervous.
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But she soon spotted a girl with two blonde braids and a red gingham dress.
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Beneath a straw hat, an eager, freckled face looked all around.
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Nancy approached the child. Are you Miss Pollyanna?
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Yes.
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The next moment, Pollyanna was hugging Nancy tightly.
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I'm so glad, glad, glad to see you.
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Of course I'm Pollyanna, and I hoped you'd come to meet me.
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You did?
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Nancy couldn't understand how Pollyanna knew she'd be at the station.
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I've been wondering what you looked like.
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Pollyanna danced around Nancy.
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I'm glad you look just like you do.
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Nancy didn't know how to reply.
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She was relieved when Tom walked over and offered to find Pollyanna's trunk.
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It's a brand new trunk, Pollyanna explained as Nancy guided her toward the wagon.
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The lady's aide, the women's group at Father's Church, was saving money for a new church carpet.
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But the ladies bought me a trunk instead.
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Anyway, the ladies -aiders.
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Do you have ladies -aiders at your church?
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Father said many churches do.
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They helped Father bring me up after Mother died.
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Pollyanna kept up a stream of comments and questions.
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By the time
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Tom returned with the trunk, Nancy was dazed and breathless.
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But Pollyanna was still full of energy.
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She climbed up and sat between them.
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This is lovely, Pollyanna said as they started on their way
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Is it far to your house?
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I hope it is because I love to ride
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But if it isn't, I'll be glad to get there soon
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What a pretty town!
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I knew this town would be pretty.
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Father told me he remembered.
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Pollyanna stopped, and Nancy noticed her eyes filling with tears.
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But in a moment, the little girl hurried on.
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I suppose you wonder why I'm wearing red instead of black for morning.
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There wasn't anything black in the donation box at church.
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Do you have donation boxes here?
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They're full of clothes and things that people don't want anymore.
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But they think poor people will want them.
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I'm sure your dress will be fine, Nancy said.
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It would be harder to be glad in black.
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Glad?
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Nancy said in surprise.
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Yes, glad that
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Father has gone to heaven to be with Mother and their babies.
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He said I must be glad, which was awfully hard when I just had the lady's aid.
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But now I've got you, Aunt Polly, and I'm so glad.
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Nancy's eyes widened as she realized Pollyanna's mistake.
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I'm not your Aunt Polly.
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I'm only Nancy, a girl who works for her.
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Oh, Pollyanna said anxiously.
250
But there is an Aunt Polly, right?
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Tom chuckled.
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There sure is.
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Pollyanna relaxed.
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Then I'm glad I can look forward to meeting her.
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Is Aunt Polly rich, Nancy?
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Yes, miss.
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I hope she has carpets and pictures in every room.
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I love pictures, but we didn't have any.
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Father found one in the donation box.
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It was so nice that he sold it to buy me shoes.
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What a beautiful house!
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Pollyanna exclaimed as they came up the drive.
263
Nancy thought about the clean attic room and silently vowed to stay at Miss Polly's house forever.
264
This poor child needs someone to love her!
265
Little Fox
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “쾌활한 폴리아나와 냉담한 이모” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: miss, Nancy, Polly, Pollyanna, Tom วิดีโอนี้มี 265 ประโยค และ 2137 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 17:19 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วสม่ำเสมอ ประมาณ 123 คำต่อนาที เหมาะกับการฝึกพูดตาม มีเพียง 76% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| attic คำนาม | /ˈætɪk/ | ห้องใต้หลังคา, ห้องเพดาน |
| trunk คำนาม | /tɹʌŋk/ | ต้น, ลำ |
| hurry คำกริยา | /ˈhʌ.ɹi/ | รีบ |
| sweep คำกริยา | /swiːp/ | กวาด, ปัดถู |
| niece คำนาม | /nis/ | หลานสาว |
| weed คำนาม | /wiːd/ | วัชพืช |
| lonely คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈloʊnli/ | เหงา |
| dish คำนาม | /dɪʃ/ | จาน |
| straw คำนาม | /stɹɔ/ | ฟาง |
| marry คำกริยา | /ˈmæɹi/ | แต่งงาน, สมรส |
| shake คำกริยา | /ˈʃeɪk/ | เขย่า |
| employer คำนาม | /ɪmˈplɔɪə/ | นายจ้าง |
| wealthy คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈwɛl.θi/ | มั่งคั่ง, มั่งมี |
| carpet คำนาม | /ˈkɑɹ.pət/ | พรม |
| sigh คำกริยา | /saɪ/ | ถอนใจ |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| bring up คำกริยา | เลี้ยงดู, ฟูมฟัก |
| pick up คำกริยา | ยก, หยิบ |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- I didn't ask for explanations.
- That isn't exactly the word I'd use.
- Do you have ladies -aiders at your church?
- Is it far to your house?
- Do you have donation boxes here?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| ประโยคเงื่อนไข if + อนุประโยค, will/would + กริยา — เงื่อนไขและผลลัพธ์ | If she did all that again, you'd say · if it isn't, I'll be |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | was left · was hired · was relieved |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | woman who frowned · glad, which was |
| Past continuous was/were + -ing — การกระทำที่กำลังดำเนินอยู่ ณ ช่วงหนึ่งในอดีต | wasn't saying · was only thinking · was pulling |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 65 ครั้ง เช่น I'm, didn't, don't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: wealthy /ˈwɛl.θi/, beneath /bɪˈniːθ/, sympathy /ˈsɪm.pəθ.i/, breathless /ˈbɹɛθləs/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: dish /dɪʃ/, donation /doʊˈneɪʃən/, shake /ˈʃeɪk/, ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/, sharp /ʃɑɹp/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: ridiculous /ɹɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/, uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/, unbelievable /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: niece /nis/, dish /dɪʃ/, chuckle /ˈt͡ʃʌkəl/, ridiculous /ɹɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/, silence /ˈsaɪ̯ləns/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: arrival /əˈɹaɪ.vl̩/, reveal /ɹɪˈviːl/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, unbelievable /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/, relieve /ɹɪˈliːv/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: resident /ˈɹɛzɪdənt/, praise /pɹeɪz/, buzz /bʌz/, pause /pɔːz/, unpleasant /ʌnˈplɛzn̩t/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง attic, trunk, hurry เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ