ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: What are the 7 principles of GDPR?
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So what are GDPR's seven principles and how do they drive your compliance?
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We'll tell you in just a minute per principle.
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And you do need to know because breach of the principles leads to the highest fine under GDPR.
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4% of your global turnover or 20 million euros or 17.5 million pounds, depending on your GDPR, whichever is higher.
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That's the maximum fine.
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So stick with us and also for the bonus tip on creating your privacy framework.
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Hi, I'm Robert Boar, the founder and CEO of Keepable, the award-winning privacy solution saving you time money
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and stress on GDPR giving you great insights for the board
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and answers for customers do check us out on keepable.com this
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video is part of privacy kitchen free video help on GDPR
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and all things privacy if you're new here please do click subscribe
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and notify to hear about all of our fantastic new videos as always links are in the notes below
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and we'll just use GDPR for both EU and UK GDPRs because they're identical on this point at least for the moment.
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That's for another video.
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Right, grab a cup of coffee and let's crack on.
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Okay, so here are GDPR's seven principles.
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They're set out in Article 5 of GDPR.
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Now, articles for GDPR is like a section for other laws, so it's like saying Section 5, but let's not go there.
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Right, number one, lawful, fair and transparent.
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Personal data must be processed lawfully, fairly and in a transparent manner in relation to the data subject.
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Now, unsurprisingly, this is the lawfulness fairness and transparency principle
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but the focus has mostly been on lawful
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and transparent gives you a very good position on fairness
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so people do often call this the lawfulness principle
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or transparency principle now lawful includes identifying a legal basis for your processing we've got videos on
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that and there have been fines for not identifying one
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and for identifying the wrong one like consent legitimate interests etc and obviously this also includes otherwise complying with the law.
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Now, transparent includes providing all the information
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that GDPR says you've got to give individual data subjects about what you're doing with their personal data.
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None of this, again, is new.
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Most of GDPR was there before in the directive.
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Now, fairness is subjective, but it plays into the reasonable expectations of the individual.
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As the UK SEO states, this means you must not process the data in a way that's unduly detrimental, unexpected, or misleading to the individuals concerned.
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Right, principle number two, purpose limitation.
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You should only collect personal data for specified, explicit and legitimate purposes and not process it in a manner that's incompatible with those purposes.
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This is the purpose limitation principle, it makes total sense.
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You can't tell people you're only going to process their data to provide, say, software services to them and then suddenly sell them insurance.
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The key takeaway here, when you're creating your privacy notices for that transparency principle, make sure you cover the purposes for which you're processing the data.
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It's not easy to suddenly start processing for a new purpose if you haven't identified it up front.
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There are some exceptions for research and statistics which aren't seen as incompatible
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and this is one area the UK is looking at in its new August 2021 onwards review
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and we'll see how that goes.
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Now number three data minimization.
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Personal data that you process must be adequate and relevant
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and limited to what's necessary in relation to the purposes for what you're processing.
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Data minimization means you don't collect more personal data than is necessary for your stated purpose.
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It's actually always been the case as I said before
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but GDPR's fines
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and increased awareness means it's clear you've got to be focused on only collecting what's necessary
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and a good benefit if you're selling this to other team members.
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Having less personal data means there's less to protect against breach, less risk and less to search for a data subject request.
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Okay accuracy.
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Personal data you process must be accurate and kept up to date where necessary.
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This is the accuracy principle.
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This also includes taking every reasonable step to ensure that any inaccurate personal data for those purposes are erased or rectified, corrected without delay.
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So this points to a couple of the data subject rights, the right to rectification or to correct incorrect data, and one aspect of the right to erasure.
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Accuracy principles don't normally cause much issue.
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Now storage limitation.
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This principle says that when you have personal data, you should only keep it in a form which permits identification of the data subjects, as in keep it as personal data,
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for no longer than necessary for the purposes for which you're processing it, which you've told in the transparency principle.
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This is the storage limitation principle, and again there are some research and stats exemptions.
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But when you hear the word retention, this is what it relates to.
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Not keeping personal data for any longer than necessary for your specified purposes.
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Some retention periods are set out in law, like on tax and maternity, paternity records, for example.
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But mostly this is about a commercial decision, what's necessary and relevant for your purpose.
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But beware, regulators aren't going to accept infinity because you might use it someday.
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It's got to be reasonable.
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Now, another benefit as well, because you're having appropriate retention periods, you either delete or anonymize that data at the end,
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which means again there's less attack surface for risk and breach
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and also less to search when you have a data subject request.
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However, retention is the area I believe presents the most difficulty in GDPR compliance programs, and it's not just about GDPR's any privacy.
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Okay, security.
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Now of course at all times personal data must be secure, and GDPR's security principle requires that personal data is processed in a that ensures appropriate security to personal data,
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including against unauthorized or unlawful processing and accidental loss, destruction or damage.
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You've got to use appropriate technical and organizational measures for security.
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Why they call it integrity and confidentiality principle, I don't know.
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They should just say security.
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Everyone calls it the security principle.
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So security is fundamental to privacy, but it's only one of the seven principles.
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Most of GDPR is not about security.
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Look at our very polemic ISO 27001 is not GDPR video and see what what we mean.
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Now the seventh principle, accountability.
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If you're a controller, you're responsible for compliance with the other six principles
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and to be able to demonstrate compliance with those other six principles.
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This seventh principle is the accountability principle and it's the main change the principles brought in by GDPR.
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Now although it's number seven you've got to bake this in from the start.
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GDPR enshrined data protection by design and by defaulting to law and brought in various obligations on records.
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So this accountability principle means you have privacy governance in place focused on GDPR
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and you're able to demonstrate that compliance to regulators, but also to the board, auditors, investors, customers and partners.
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And now for our bonus tip.
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Fantastic.
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If you're looking to create privacy governance to cover more than one jurisdiction, it's a good thing to make it principles based.
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And then you can tailor it for each jurisdiction's particularities.
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Now, GDPR set the standard globally for data protection, copied to various degrees from California to India, from Brazil, Caribbean and China.
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And it's not surprising, the seven principles in GDPR are actually all from the Council of Europe's Convention 108 from 1981.
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That was the first legally binding international instrument on data protection.
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55 signatures including all the EA, the UK, Turkey, Russia and it contains all of these principles.
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Right so there we go.
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You now know what the seven principles are of GDPR.
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You know how they drive your compliance and how they can underpin a global program.
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Please do look at our other Privacy Kitchen videos.
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I mentioned the 27001 video.
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We've got a 27701.
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What is GDPR?
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10 steps to GDPR compliance, also very popular.
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Do visit us at Keepable.com, take a demo, and please do use hashtag Privacy Kitchen to tell us the topics you want us to cover.
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So stay well in the meantime, and we'll see you soon in Privacy Kitchen.
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Did this video make the topic easy for you?
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Well, that's what Keepable software is all about, making GDPR compliance a breeze, instantly creating the insights you need to prove your compliance to the board and customers alike.
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Why not see for yourself by booking your demo at Keepable.com.
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And while you're there, we have a whole host of content on our blog, including real-life customer stories, insightful posts, and useful downloads.
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Hit the link in the video description or visit us at Keepable.com.
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Looking forward to speaking with you soon.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “What are the 7 principles of GDPR?” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: principle, Gdpr, personal, privacy, purpose วิดีโอนี้มี 113 ประโยค และ 1489 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 8:00 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 186 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก มีเพียง 80% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| transparent คำคุณศัพท์ | /tɹænsˈpæɹənt/ | ใส, โปร่งใส |
| specify คำกริยา | /ˈspɛs.əˌfaɪ/ | ระบุ |
| demonstrate คำกริยา | /ˈdɛm.ənˌstɹeɪt/ | สาธิต |
| auditor คำนาม | /ˈɔːdɪtɚ/ | ผู้สอบบัญชี |
| tailor คำนาม | /ˈteɪlɚ/ | ช่างตัดเสื้อ |
| inaccurate คำคุณศัพท์ | /ɪnˈæk.jə.ɹɪt/ | คลาดเคลื่อน |
| hashtag คำนาม | /ˈhæʃˌtæɡ/ | แฮชแท็ก |
| beware คำกริยา | /biˈwɛɚ/ | ระวัง |
| notify คำกริยา | /ˈnoʊtɪfaɪ/ | แจ้งความ |
| infinity คำนาม | /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/ | อนันต์ |
| breeze คำนาม | /bɹiːz/ | ลมโชย |
| bake คำกริยา | /beɪk/ | อบ |
| incorrect คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˌɪn.kəˈɹɛkt/ | ผิด |
| investor คำนาม | /ɪnˈvɛs.tə(ɹ)/ | ผู้ลงทุน |
| adequate คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈæd.ə.kwɪt/ | สอดคล้อง |
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | must be processed · aren't seen · are erased |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | have been · haven't identified · It's actually always been |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 35 ครั้ง เช่น you're, you've, we'll ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: limitation /lɪmɪˈteɪʃən/, retention /ɹɪˈtɛnʃən/, minimization /ˈmɪn.ɪ.mɪˈzeɪʃən/, enshrine /ɪnˈʃɹaɪn/, erasure /ɪˈɹeɪʃɚ/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: limitation /lɪmɪˈteɪʃən/, transparency /tɹænsˈpæɹənsi/, accountability /əˌkaʊn.təˈbɪl.ə.ti/, incompatible /ˌɪŋkəmˈpætɪbəl/, minimization /ˈmɪn.ɪ.mɪˈzeɪʃən/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: compliance /kəmˈplaɪ.əns/, fairness /ˈfɛɚ.nəs/, breach /ˈbɹiːt͡ʃ/, incompatible /ˌɪŋkəmˈpætɪbəl/, governance /ˈɡʌvəɹnəns/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: governance /ˈɡʌvəɹnəns/, whichever /wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/, directive /daɪˈɹɛk.tɪv/, turnover /ˈtɝnoʊvɚ/, subjective /səbˈd͡ʒɛktɪv/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: minimization /ˈmɪn.ɪ.mɪˈzeɪʃən/, exemption /ɪɡˈzɛm(p).ʃən/, organizational /ˌɔː(ɹ)ɡənɪˈzeɪʃənəl/, breeze /bɹiːz/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง transparent, specify, demonstrate เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ