Shadowing Practice: OBESITY (PODCAST) - IELTS TOPIC - Learn English Speaking with Video
Ders oluşturuluyor...
1
To be obese means to have too much fat on the body.
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Obese people are not just overweight.
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Such people are likely to suffer health problems because of their weight.
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The precise cause of obesity is not clear.
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However, it is clear that obesity is a problem in most countries.
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One study estimated that about 55% of people in the United States are obese.
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People need to understand what obesity is and how to tell
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if they themselves are obese so that they can change their condition.
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An obese person does not have to look extremely fat.
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Even people who seem only slightly overweight can actually be considered obese.
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If a person has a certain amount of fat on their body,
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then their health might be in danger.
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This amount of fat is usually thought to be 40% of the body's total composition.
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Finding a person's exact fat percentage is troublesome.
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Most people still rely on their weight measurement to tell them if they are overweight or obese.
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There are problems with this method, however.
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There are recommended weights for different ages.
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In addition, weight alone says nothing about a person's percentage of body fat,
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which is most important.
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People have different body types,
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which can make weight measurements unreliable.
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For instance, athletes usually have more muscle mass than other people.
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Muscle weighs more than fat.
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Therefore, an athlete may weigh more than their recommended weight.
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But this does not mean they are not healthy.
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A more accurate measurement of body fat is needed.
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Probably the most popular method of determining body fat today is the Body Mass Index, BMI.
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BMI is a person's weight in kilograms divided by the square of his or her height in meters.
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For men, a BMI is a person's weight,
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in kilograms, divided by the square of his or her height, in meters.
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For men, a BMI of 24 to 27 is normal.
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For women, it is 23 to 26.
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A BMI of 30 or more means a person is obese.
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Many experts feel that BMI is a reliable way to determine if a person's weight is unhealthy.
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However, others feel that BMI is too general to be really useful.
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The numbers come from comparisons of large groups of people.
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It is not related to an individual's body composition.
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BMI says nothing about a person's actual percentage of body fat.
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There are many different ways that BMI can be affected by body shape and size.
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Muscular people may show a high BMI,
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even though they are perfectly healthy.
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Some people have higher bone density than others, which increases their weight.
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In some cases, those who have very low body fat
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and are also not muscular can have a BMI that is too high.
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BMI is also unreliable for children and the elderly.
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Even supporters of BMI think that it should not be used for people under 18 or over 70 years old.
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Despite these criticisms, there are strong positive aspects of BMI.
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The main one is that it is very simple.
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The measurement can be performed easily.
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It does not take special knowledge or equipment.
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Though BMI is a general measurement,
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it still gives useful information.
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At least, it can suggest that there might be a problem.
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Furthermore, some studies have shown that people with higher BMI numbers have a higher risk of health problems.
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It takes only a minute to get a BMI number,
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but the results can be very important to a person's life.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu B2 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “OBESITY (PODCAST) - IELTS TOPIC” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: Bmi, fat, weight, obese, measurement. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 56 cümle ve 573 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 3:43 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 154 kelimeyle, günlük konuşmaya yakın doğal bir hızda konuşuyor. Kelimelerin %83’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında; geri kalanına başlamadan önce bakmakta fayda var.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodaki en ileri düzey 12 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| obese sıfat | /oʊˈbis/ | obez |
| measurement isim | /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/ | ölçüm |
| obesity isim | /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/ | obezite |
| kilogram isim | /ˈkɪləɡɹæm/ | kilogram, kilo |
| unreliable sıfat | /ˌʌn.ɹəˈlaɪ.ə.bəl/ | güvenilmez |
| muscular sıfat | /ˈmʌs.kjʊl.ə/ | kaslı |
| weigh fiil | /weɪ/ | tartmak |
| meter isim | /ˈmitəɹ/ | metre |
| athlete isim | /ˈæθ.liːt/ | sporcu |
| unhealthy sıfat | /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/ | sağlıksız |
| supporter isim | /səˈpɔɹ.tɚ/ | taraftar |
| precise sıfat | /pɹɪˈsaɪs/ | dakik, kesin |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | be considered · is usually thought · are recommended |
| İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi | people who seem · those who have |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
- “th” sesleri: athlete /ˈæθ.liːt/, unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: obesity /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/, unreliable /ˌʌn.ɹəˈlaɪ.ə.bəl/
Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:
- /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: overweight /ˌoʊvɚˈweɪt/, weigh /weɪ/
- Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: troublesome /ˈtɹʌbəlsəm/, precise /pɹɪˈsaɪs/
- /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: kilogram /ˈkɪləɡɹæm/, athlete /ˈæθ.liːt/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- 0,75× hızla başlayın, cümle cümle tekrar edin ve kolaylaşınca normal hıza dönün.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; obese, measurement, obesity gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.