Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: American Accent Training | R vs. L
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The American R is a truly unique sound and one of the hardest sounds for non -native speakers to get.
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But also mastering the American R is one of the best things you can do to sound natural speaking English.
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You just need to learn the basics of the mouth position and train the sound over and over, your ear will get it.
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Today we're learning about the sound, we're training with up -close slow -motion footage of a ton of R words, and we're comparing it with L,
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a sound that some language groups mix up with the R.
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Be sure to download my Sounds of American English Cheat Sheet.
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It's free.
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It's an illustrated reference guide for you for the sounds of American English, including the phonetic symbols you need to know.
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Link here and in the video description.
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To start, let's take the word race.
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Race.
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It's a beginning R.
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Look at how much the lips round for this.
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I mean they almost completely close.
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So there's a lot of lip rounding for a beginning R.
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Right now, round your lips and try to match this sound.
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I'm going to hold it out.
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You hold it out as well as long you can.
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It helps to approach learning a sound two ways.
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First, just try to match the sound with your ears.
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Second, think about the mouth position and try to do it.
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This is what my tongue looks like inside of my mouth.
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The tip is pulled back and up a little bit.
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Some people make it by flipping the tip up, instead of pulling the tip up and back a little bit,
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they may get a sound that sounds pretty good, but also sometimes they get a sound that sounds kind of hollow, errr.
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We want errr, a more focused sound.
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See that my jaw hardly drops for this sound.
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Errr.
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If you're dropping your jaw a lot, errr, that's a sign that it's not the right sound.
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A lot of my students make this sound as a flap.
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If they're from India, if their native language is Spanish or Arabic.
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That's not a sound that you can hold out.
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But the American R, you can hold out.
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And actually, you should hold it out when you're practicing it and finding it.
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That does really help.
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Now we'll look at a couple of words up close and in slow motion where the R is not the first sound.
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The lips round less so you get to see inside the mouth a little bit more.
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And I want to take a quick second to shout out this member of my Rachel's Superstars in my YouTube membership.
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He's been asking for more of this zoomed up footage for years, so YoungWest00, this one's for you.
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By the way, do you see this pink badge next to his name?
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That means he's one of my supporting members here on YouTube, click join to learn more.
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But my Rachel Circle and Rachel's Superstar supporters help make this channel possible, thank you.
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They get badges to make their comments stand out and the top level gets exclusive audio lessons each month.
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So huge thanks to you guys again and click join on YouTube to learn more.
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This is the word anchor.
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Ends with schwa R.
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Anchor.
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See how my tongue tip pulls back and up.
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See how my lips are still flared, but they don't come into the tight circle that they do for a beginning R.
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The lip position is more relaxed.
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This is the word branch.
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My lips have just parted from the B, and now you're seeing the R.
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This is the underside of my tongue because the tip is pulled back and up.
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There's so much jaw drop here because I'm moving into position for the AA vowel.
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You'll see my tongue tip come forward again for that vowel.
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So for the R, tongue tip pulls back and up, but it's still in the front half of the mouth.
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The lips flare, and if it's a beginning R, they really do make a tight circle.
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L, on the other hand, is very different.
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And it really looks different too.
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We just saw branch.
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Now this is blanche.
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You probably know branch, like the branch on a tree.
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The word blanche is used in cooking.
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It's when you cook something for a short time and then try to cool it down quickly so it stops cooking.
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Like with vegetables.
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You cook them in boiling water for a period then you put them into ice water.
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Blanche.
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The L.
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The lips are totally relaxed and the tongue tip is at the roof of the mouth.
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What you're seeing here of the tongue is still the underside of the tongue,
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but you can tell the tip of the tongue is behind my top front teeth, not further back like it is for the R.
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This is an illustration of what the tongue looks like in the mouth.
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This is the light L.
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We actually have two different positions that you'll see natives do for this.
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For the other one, the tongue tip comes through the teeth so it looks a little bit like a TH.
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L, L, L, and the tongue tip presses up on the front teeth here.
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L, L, like.
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We're going to watch a whole bunch of words comparing R and L in various places in the word, so you might see both positions.
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Tongue tip behind the teeth, uh, and tongue tip coming out of the teeth, uh.
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To be honest, I have no idea which one I'm doing most of the time.
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It's just not something I think about just like you don't think about the sounds that you make for your native language.
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So comparing branch and blanche, comparing the R and the L.
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We saw how the ending R is different from the beginning R and that the lips are more relaxed.
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An L at the beginning of a word is also different from an L at the end of the word.
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To get all the details, check out this complete video on L.
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Just know that the first one is called light L.
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That's the one we've studied already here.
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The one at the end of a word is a dark L, and that has a dark sound we make with the back of the tongue,
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pressing down and back a little bit, l, l.
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So for this dark sound, you don't need your tongue tip.
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It usually just stays down.
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l, l, l.
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And that's crazy for my students.
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They're so used to thinking L, lift the tongue tip, but not for the dark L.
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It's harder to see the tongue position for the dark L
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because the part of the tongue making the sound is at the back.
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But let's take a look at the word candle.
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Candle.
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Ends in an L, that's a dark L.
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I'm going to take you through the D sound and we'll pause it.
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Candle.
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Okay, here's the D and the next sound is the dark L.
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Behind the teeth right here, you'll see the tongue tip come down.
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It's not up for the dark L.
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L
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-l
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-l
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-l
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-l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l -l
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Then there's a list of several tricky words with an R and an L.
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Each time you'll hear it and see it first in slow motion, then at regular pace.
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Race.
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Race.
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Lace.
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Lace.
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Rack.
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Rack.
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Lack lack, lack, rad, rad,
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lad, lad, raft, raft, laughed,
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laughed, rag, rag, lag, lag,
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raid, raid, laid, laid, rain,
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rain, lane, lane, raise, raise,
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lays, lays, raise, rake, rake.
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Lake, lake.
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Ramp, ramp.
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Lamp, lamp.
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Wrap, wrap.
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Lap, lap rare rare lair
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lair rash rash
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lash lash rate rate late late Raw.
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Raw.
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Law.
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Law.
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Razor.
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Razor.
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Laser.
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Laser.
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Reach.
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Reach.
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Leech.
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Leech.
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Read.
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Read.
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Lead.
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Lead.
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Reap.
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Reap.
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Leap.
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Leap.
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Reef.
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Reef.
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Leaf.
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Leaf.
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Reek.
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Reek.
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Leek, leek.
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Regal, regal.
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Legal, legal.
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Rent, rent.
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Lent, lent.
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Rhyme, rhyme.
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Lime, lime.
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Lime.
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Rice.
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Rice.
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Lice.
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Lice.
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Rick.
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Rick.
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Lick.
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Lick.
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Riddle.
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Riddle.
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Little.
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Little.
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Rife.
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Rife.
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Life.
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Life.
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Rink.
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Rink.
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Link.
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Link.
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Rise.
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Rise.
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Lies.
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Lies.
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Road, road.
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Load, load.
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Rob, rob.
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Lob, lob.
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Rocked, rocked.
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Locked, locked.
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Room, room.
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Loom, loom.
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Root, root.
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Loot, loot.
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Rose, rose.
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Lowe's, Lowe's.
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Ross, Ross, Loss, Loss, Rot,
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Rot, Lot, Lot, Row, Row, Low,
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Low, Royal.
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Royal.
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Royal.
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Royal.
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Royal.
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Rug.
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Rug.
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Lug.
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Lug.
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Rump.
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Rump.
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Lump.
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Lump ruse, ruse, lose, lose,
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rust, rust, lust, wrist, wrist,
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list, list, list, right, right,
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right, light, light, wrong, wrong,
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long, long, rung, rung, long,
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long, rye, rye, lie, Lie.
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Lie.
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blade, blade, braid, braid, blanch,
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blanch, branch, branch, bland, bland,
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brand, brand, Bleach.
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Bleach.
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Breach.
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Breach.
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Bleed.
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Bleed.
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Breed.
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Breed.
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Blessed.
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Blessed.
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Breast.
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Breast.
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Blight.
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Blight.
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Bright.
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Bright.
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Blind.
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Blind.
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Brined.
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Brined.
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Blink.
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Blink.
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Brink.
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Brink.
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Bloom.
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Bloom.
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Broom.
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Broom.
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Blow.
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Blow.
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Bro.
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Bro.
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Blue.
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Blue.
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Brew.
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Brew.
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Blush.
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Blush.
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Brush.
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rush.
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Clack, clack, crack, crack.
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Clam, clam, cram, cram, clamp, clamp,
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cramp, cramp.
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Clank, clank, crank, crank.
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Clap, clap, crap, crap.
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Class, class, crass, crass climb,
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climb, crime, crime, cloak, cloak,
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croak, croak, clock, clock, crock,
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crock, close, close, crows, crows,
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cloud, cloud, crowd, crowd, clown,
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clown, crown, crown, clue, clue,
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crew, crew, flail, flail, frail,
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frail, flame, flame, frame, frame,
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flat, flat, frat, frat, Flee, flee.
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Free, free.
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Flesh, flesh.
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Fresh, fresh.
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Flock, flock, frock, frock.
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Flossed, flossed, frost, frost.
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Flows, flows, froze, froze.
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Flute, flute, fruit,
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fruit fly fly fry fry glad glad grad
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grad, glade, glade, grade, grade.
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Glamour, glamour, grammar, grammar.
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Gland, gland, grand, grand glass,
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glass, grass, grass, gloom, gloom,
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groom, groom, glow, grow, grow,
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glue, glue, grew, grew, plank, plank, prank, prank.
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Plants, plants, prance, prance.
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Plays, plays, praise,
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praise plow plow prow prow
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ply ply pry pry aloof aloof
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a roof a roof ankle ankle anchor anchor beetle, beetle, beater, beater.
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Bobble, bobble, bobber, bobber.
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Bottle, bottle, botter, botter.
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Candle, candle.
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Candor, candor.
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Eagle, eagle.
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Eager, eager.
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Fiddle, fiddle fitter, fitter, ladle,
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ladle, later, later, mail, mail,
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mayor, mayor, metal, metal, metter,
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metter, paddle, paddle, patter, patter,
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pale, pale, pair, pair, pull, pull, pour, pour, Ripple.
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Ripple.
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Ripper.
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Ripper.
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Roll.
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Roll.
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Roar.
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Roar.
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Tile.
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Tile.
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Tire.
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Tiled.
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Tiled.
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Tired.
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Tired.
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Title.
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Title.
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Tider.
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Tighter.
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Alligator.
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Alligator.
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Calculator.
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Calculator.
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Comfortable.
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Comfortable.
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Culture.
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Culture.
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Curl.
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Curl difficult, difficult, durable, durable,
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girl, girl, hireable, hireable, learn,
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learn, letter, letter, liberator, liberator.
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Literal, literal.
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Operable, operable.
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Predictable, predictable probable probable rattle rattle
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really really rehearsal rehearsal riddle riddle rule rule
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Taller Trial Trickle World
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Folks, we went deep on R and R versus L.
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I love to be thorough in my teaching.
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If you think you want to learn more about the American accent and train your American voice,
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check out my collection of online courses to help you reach your spoken English goals at rachelsenglishacademy .com.
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Keep your learning going now with this video
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and don't forget to subscribe with notifications on on YouTube and follow my page on Facebook.
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I love being your English teacher and accent coach.
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That's it and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói này dựa trên video “American Accent Training”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: sound, tongue, tip, word, lip. Video này có 435 câu và 1970 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 24:58. Người nói nói chậm, khoảng 79 từ mỗi phút, đủ thời gian để bạn bắt chước từng âm. Chỉ 65% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất, nên từ vựng khá khó.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| lip danh từ | /lɪp/ | môi |
| candle danh từ | /ˈkæn.dəl/ | nến, đèn cầy |
| compare động từ | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | so sánh, so |
| anchor danh từ | /ˈæŋ.kəː/ | neo, mỏ neo |
| tile danh từ | /ˈtaɪ.əl/ | ngói, đá lát |
| lime danh từ | /laɪm/ | chanh |
| cloud danh từ | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | mây |
| grass danh từ | /ɡɹɑːs/ | cỏ |
| breast danh từ | /bɹɛst/ | vú |
| praise động từ | /pɹeɪz/ | khen ngợi |
| climb động từ | /ˈklaɪ̯m/ | leo, lên |
| leaf danh từ | /lif/ | lá |
| laser danh từ | /ˈleɪzɚ/ | la-de, kích quang |
| wrap động từ | /ɹæp/ | gói, bao |
| blade danh từ | /bleɪd/ | lưỡi |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| check out động từ | tính tiền, trả phòng |
Những câu đáng luyện lại
Các câu ngắn, trọn ý trong video mà bạn có thể dùng lại khi giao tiếp hằng ngày:
- To start, let's take the word race.
- I'm going to hold it out.
- That's not a sound that you can hold out.
- That's the one we've studied already here.
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | is pulled · are still flared · is used |
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | have just parted · we've studied |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 25 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ don't, I'm, we're. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: flesh /flɛʃ/, rash /ɹæʃ/, blush /ˈblʌʃ/, rush /ɹʌʃ/, brush /bɹʌʃ/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: predictable /pɹəˈdɪktəbləl/, calculator /kæl.kjə.leɪ.tɚ/, illustration /ˌɪləsˈtɹeɪ̯ʃən/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, alligator /ˈæl.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɚ/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: relax /ɹɪˈlæks/, breast /bɹɛst/, accent /ækˈsɛnt/, lamp /ˈlæ̝mp/, wrist /ɹɪst/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: footage /ˈfʊtɪd͡ʒ/, breach /ˈbɹiːt͡ʃ/, badge /bæd͡ʒ/, vegetable /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/, blanch /blɑːnt͡ʃ/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: candle /ˈkæn.dəl/, anchor /ˈæŋ.kəː/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/, crack /kɹæk/, wrap /ɹæp/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Nói đuổi từng câu ở tốc độ bình thường, lặp lại mỗi câu đến khi nhịp của bạn khớp với người nói.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như lip, candle, compare.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.