Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Oliver Twist (by Charles Dickens) chapter 1 Audiobook
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Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens Retold by Jenny Dooley
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Chapter 1 At the Workhouse
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Many years ago in England, there were special places called workhouses, where poor people went to live when they had no money
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or work no family or friends to help them and when they had nowhere else to go
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life in the workhouse was hard for the poor people
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and they went there only if they had no hope of a better life
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one cold dark night a young woman arrived in a strange town she was pregnant
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and very tired and she fell down in the street
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no one knew who she was or where she came from
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so the people who found her took her to the workhouse
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An old woman called Sally put the girl to bed and then sat down by the fire to wait for the doctor.
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Suddenly the girl cried out and looked at Sally with eyes full of pain and fear.
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Don't be afraid, dear, said the old woman.
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I've had 13 children and I've often helped the doctor when a child was born in the workhouse.
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Your child will be born soon, but don't worry, the doctor's on his way.
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Something was troubling the young woman.
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She tried to take off the gold chain she was wearing around her neck.
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Sally helped her, and then the girl put the chain, which had a locket with the name Agnes on it, into Sally's hand.
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Take these things.
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Please, keep them safe for my child.
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I'm very sick.
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I don't think I'll live to see the baby.
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Don't talk like that," said Sally.
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Close your eyes now and try to rest.
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You'll need all your strength for the birth.
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Sally put the things into her pocket and just at that moment the doctor arrived.
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soon a baby boy was born the young mother lay in bed very tired
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and very sick when the baby began to cry the girl opened her eyes
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and tried to sit up let me see my baby before
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I die come said the doctor kindly you must not talk of dying he put the baby in the mother's arms
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his name is oliver she said then kissed the child and fell back on the pillow
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the doctor and sally did everything they could but it was too late the girl was dead
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well sally i'm afraid there's nothing more i can do here
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said the doctor sadly to the old woman Where did she come from?
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I don't know, but she walked a long way to get here.
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Her shoes were worn out.
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And the baby's father?
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We don't know anything about him.
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Maybe he's dead.
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She arrived here alone.
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Poor girl, said the doctor, and he sighed as he put on his hat and gloves.
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Then he said goodnight to Sally and went home.
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Good night, Sally.
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When Sally was alone again, she sat by the fire, with the baby in a cradle at her feet.
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She took the locket out of her pocket, and for a long time she looked at it, and at the sleeping baby.
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There were two small locks of hair in the locket, one fair, like the girls, and one dark.
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There was also a gold wedding ring inside it.
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At last she put them back into her pocket, and shook her head sadly.
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Poor baby.
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I'm sorry, but I'm going to keep these things and sell them myself.
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Then I can have a bit of money now that I'm old.
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I've lived in the workhouse for 50 years and life here is very hard.
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Children didn't go to the workhouse until they were nine years old.
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Before that, they lived in another house, where somebody looked after them and received money to pay for their food.
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Oliver went to live in such a house with Mrs. Mann, an old woman who kept most of the money for herself and didn't take good care of the babies and children.
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For the first nine years of his life, Oliver lived there, and during that time he never heard a kind word and he never had enough to eat.
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On Oliver's ninth birthday, Mr. Bumble, a big fat man who wore a uniform and carried a big stick, came to take him to the men's workhouse.
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Mr. Bumble helped to manage the workhouse.
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He had a bad temper, and he was very strict.
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If anyone in the workhouse did anything wrong, Mr. Bumble hit them with his stick, so everybody was afraid of him, especially the children.
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One of his jobs was to give surnames to the babies who had no father.
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No one knew the name of Oliver's father, so Mr. Bumble gave him the surname, Twist.
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Life in the workhouse was very hard, and the boys were always hungry.
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The food was always the same, a bowl of soup, which was mostly water, and on Sundays a small piece of bread.
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The master of the workhouse served the soup from a big pot, and he gave just one bowl to each boy.
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The boys became so hungry that one day, they decided that someone must ask for more.
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They thought that if one boy got more soup, they could all get more.
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They chose Oliver.
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The master served the soup as usual, and the boys ate it quickly.
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They licked their fingers and then looked at Oliver and the big pot of soup.
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Go on then, go on.
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They whispered and pushed Oliver with their elbows.
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Oliver was afraid, but he stood up, picked up his empty bowl, and walked slowly to the master.
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There was complete silence.
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All the boys were waiting, hopefully.
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Oliver held out his bowl.
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Please, sir, I want some more.
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The master couldn't believe his ears.
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He looked at Oliver's pale, thin face and the empty bowl.
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What?
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Please, sir, I'm hungry.
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I want some more, said Oliver again.
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Mr. Bumble, shouted the master, and he hit Oliver on the head with his big soup spoon.
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All the boys waited to see what happened.
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Mr. Bumble appeared at the door.
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What's the matter, master?
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Oliver Twist wants more soup.
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Mr. Bumble's face went red and he looked very angry.
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What?
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It's not possible.
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No one has ever asked for more.
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Oliver Twist, you are a bad, ungrateful boy.
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He picked up poor Oliver by his shirt collar and began to shake him and beat him with his big stick.
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Then he took him away and locked him in the cellar.
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Oliver was cold and frightened, and he cried all night.
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The next morning, Mr. Bumble put a notice on the door of the workhouse.
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Do you want a boy to learn a useful job?
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We will give £5 to anyone who takes him.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Video này có 98 câu và 1135 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 8:26. Người nói giữ tốc độ đều, khoảng 135 từ mỗi phút, vừa sức để nói đuổi theo. 85% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| soup danh từ | /sup/ | canh, nước dùng |
| pocket danh từ | /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ | túi, túi áo |
| hungry tính từ | /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ | đói |
| arrive động từ | /əˈɹaɪv/ | đến |
| shake động từ | /ˈʃeɪk/ | lắc, lay |
| finger danh từ | /ˈfɪŋɡɚ/ | ngón tay |
| thin tính từ | /ˈθɪn/ | mỏng, mảnh |
| silence danh từ | /ˈsaɪ̯ləns/ | sự yên lặng |
| ear danh từ | /ˈɪə̯/ | tai |
| uniform danh từ | /ˈjunɪˌfɔɹm/ | đồng phục |
| shoe danh từ | /ˈʃu/ | giày |
| pale tính từ | /peɪl/ | tái |
| ninth tính từ | /naɪnθ/ | thứ chín |
| shout động từ | /ʃaʊt/ | kêu la, la hét |
| collar danh từ | /ˈkɑlɚ/ | cổ áo |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| pick up động từ | nhặt, lượm |
| sit down động từ | ngồi xuống, ngồi |
| sit up động từ | ngồi dậy |
| stand up động từ | đứng dậy |
| take off động từ | bỏ |
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Mệnh đề quan hệ who / which + mệnh đề — thêm thông tin về người hoặc vật | people who found · woman who kept · man who wore |
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | was born · will be born · were worn |
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | I've had · I've lived · has ever asked |
| Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn was/were + -ing — việc đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm trong quá khứ | was troubling · was wearing · were waiting |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 20 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ don't, I'm, I've. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “th”: thin /ˈθɪn/, ninth /naɪnθ/
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: shake /ˈʃeɪk/, shoe /ˈʃu/, shout /ʃaʊt/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Nói đuổi từng câu ở tốc độ bình thường, lặp lại mỗi câu đến khi nhịp của bạn khớp với người nói.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như soup, pocket, hungry.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.