Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Ray Dalio: Long Island University Commencement Speech
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1
Please join us in welcoming Dr. Ray Dalio.
Xin hãy cùng chúng tôi chào đón Tiến sĩ Ray Dalio.
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The President: Thank you, President Klein.
Tổng thống: Cảm ơn, Chủ tịch Klein.
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Thank you, Dean Bates.
Cảm ơn, Trưởng khoa Bates.
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Uh...
Ừm...
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Dean Pallaro.
Dean Pallaro.
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Congratulations to the class of 2026.
Chúc mừng các bạn khóa 2026.
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Congratulations also to all the parents, the grandparents, the brothers, the sisters, and all of the family and friends who have been with the graduates.
Xin chúc mừng cũng đến tất cả các bậc phụ huynh, ông bà, anh chị em, và tất cả những người thân, bạn bè đã luôn sát cánh cùng các tân cử nhân.
8
through their journeys.
qua những hành trình của họ.
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There is nothing more valuable than meaningful relationships.
Không có gì quý giá hơn những mối quan hệ có ý nghĩa.
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Please give each other an enthusiastic round of applause.
Xin hãy dành cho nhau một vòng tay vỗ tay nhiệt liệt.
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I'm thrilled to be your commencement speaker because It's an opportunity for me to tell you, who I view as myself,
Tôi rất vui mừng được là diễn giả tại lễ tốt nghiệp của các bạn, bởi vì đây là cơ hội để tôi nói với các bạn — những người mà tôi xem như là chính bản thân mình —
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55 years ago, what I've learned in the 55 years since I've graduated from LIU that, you know, hopefully will be of some help to you.
55 năm trước, những gì tôi học được trong 55 năm kể từ khi tốt nghiệp tại LIU, hy vọng sẽ có ích cho các bạn.
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While I remember being where you are when I was 21 years old, graduating in 1971 from what was then called CW Post College,
Tôi vẫn nhớ rằng mình đã từng ở vị trí của các bạn khi tôi 21 tuổi, tốt nghiệp năm 1971 từ trường lúc đó có tên là CW Post College.
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I don't remember who the commencement speaker was or what he said, and I suspect that you won't remember that later in your lives,
Tôi không nhớ ai là người phát biểu trong lễ tốt nghiệp hay người đó đã nói gì, và tôi nghi ngờ rằng các bạn cũng sẽ không nhớ điều đó sau này trong cuộc đời mình.
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but all I remember was nursing a hangover from celebrating the hard night before
nhưng tất cả những gì tôi nhớ là đang vật lộn với cơn đau đầu do uống rượu quá nhiều từ đêm tiệc tùng say sưa hôm trước.
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and being elated at graduating and reflecting on how hugely LIU had an impact on my life in improving my life.
và cảm thấy vô cùng phấn khích khi tốt nghiệp, đồng thời suy ngẫm về ảnh hưởng to lớn mà LIU đã mang lại cho cuộc đời tôi trong việc cải thiện cuộc sống của mình.
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You see, I got into LIU on probation because I was a lousy high school student with a rebellious nature.
Bạn biết đấy, tôi được nhận vào LIU với chế độ thử việc vì hồi trung học tôi là một học sinh tệ với tính cách nổi loạn.
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I remember hating high school because it seemed to me
Tôi nhớ là đã ghét trường trung học phổ thông vì đối với tôi thì nó dường như
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that most of my education consisted of teachers forcing me to memorize what they wanted me to remember, which included a lot of useless stuff,
phần lớn quá trình học của tôi là những giáo viên bắt tôi phải ghi nhớ những gì họ muốn, trong đó có rất nhiều thứ vô ích,
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and it didn't help that I had a very bad rote memory.
và điều đó càng trở nên khó khăn khi tôi có trí nhớ học thuộc lòng rất kém.
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At the same time, I love playing markets.
Đồng thời, tôi cũng rất thích tham gia vào thị trường tài chính.
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which is where my attentions went.
đó là nơi sự chú ý của tôi đã tập trung vào.
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I got hooked on playing markets when I was 12, while working as a caddy at the Lynx Golf Club, which was not far from here.
Tôi bị cuốn vào việc chơi thị trường tài chính khi mới 12 tuổi, lúc đó tôi đang làm người caddy tại câu lạc bộ golf Lynx, nơi không xa lắm so với đây.
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The stock market was hot.
Thị trường chứng khoán đang sôi động.
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and the people I caddied for would walk around with me, and we would talk about stocks.
và những người mà tôi làm người đẩy gậy cho họ sẽ đi dạo cùng tôi, và chúng tôi sẽ nói về cổ phiếu.
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So I took the money that I earned and I put it in the stock market.
Vì vậy, tôi đã lấy số tiền mình kiếm được và đầu tư vào thị trường chứng khoán.
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The first stock I bought was the only stock I heard of that was selling for less than $5 a share.
Cổ phiếu đầu tiên tôi mua là cổ phiếu duy nhất tôi nghe nói đến đang được bán với giá dưới 5 đô la một cổ phiếu.
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I thought I could buy more shares so that if they went up, I'd make more money, which was a dumb strategy.
Tôi nghĩ mình có thể mua thêm cổ phiếu để nếu giá tăng thì sẽ kiếm được nhiều tiền hơn, đó là một chiến lược ngốc nghếch.
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The company that I bought was about to go bankrupt.
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But I got lucky.
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Another company acquired it, it tripled in value, I bought, I thought this game is easy,
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and I became hooked on playing this investment game at 12. So on...
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At the time when I came here, I hated school.
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and I loved playing markets until I got into post.
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I loved being here because I could take classes that interested me and engage me in quality thinking.
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And I did well, and so I went on to Harvard Business School, which was another eye -opening learning experience.
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When I was 19 and a sophomore here, I learned something that I found even more powerful than my formal education.
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The Beatles went to India to learn to meditate, and they raved about it, so I learned to meditate which has been invaluable to me.
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Meditation gives you an equanimity, aligns your self -subconscious with your conscious mind, and it is also restful and healthy.
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It also gives you a sense of spirituality, what I mean by a sense of spirituality as connection to the whole.
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You have a sense of connection of where you are within the context of the whole.
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So as a graduation gift to those of you who want it, I'm going to give you lessons in transcendental meditation.
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It is the most valuable gift that I can give anyone.
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Over my 55 years since graduating,
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I've learned a lot about how life works and how to deal with it in order to be successful,
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including what being successful really is.
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I learned that life is a journey of discovery.
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in which the goal is to understand your own nature and find the right path to suit you.
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That There is nothing more important than having good principles to guide you.
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By principles, I mean ways of handling certain situations.
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Over my lifetime, I've accumulated hundreds of principles, which is far too many to cover in this 15 minutes that I have with you.
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So I'm giving you also my book, Principles, Life and Work, which I hope will help you find the right principles for you.
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and to get what you want out of life.
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You can find it below your seat along with the card to sign up for the meditation.
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I think I'm going to put this down and not struggle with it.
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So it seems to me that you are about to travel along a similar life path a similar arc in life,
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to the one I've traveled on and most people travel on, experiencing the same phases, and having many of the same encounters I had,
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so I want to tell you what to expect and give you some tips.
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Looking back on my and others' lives, I came to see that life unfolds in three big phases.
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that are very different from each other.
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In the first phase, You are learning and you're dependent on others.
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In the second phase, you are working, and others are dependent on you.
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And in the third phase, which is the phase where I am, you are free from obligations and able to pass along what you've learned.
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The second phase, which you are about to enter, is more opposite than similar to the first.
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Rather than being in an education program and having instructors, you will guide yourself to achieve your goals,
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and you will encounter thrilling opportunities and painful setbacks, which if you reflect on well,
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will teach you what you want, what you're like, and how to be successful.
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You will learn that thinking for yourself, making painful mistakes and learning from them,
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And knowing how to deal with what you don't know is what is most valuable.
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In the early part of this second phase, which will be about your next 10 years,
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the most important thing for you is to experiment and reflect well so that you discover your nature and what is
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the path that is best for you.
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When entering this phase two, you are almost certainly making the mistake of thinking you know more than you actually know,
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especially if you got good grades in school.
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You don't yet have a clue about what life is really like, and you don't yet know what being successful really means for you,
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let alone what to go after and how to get it.
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You couldn't possibly know these things because you haven't yet experienced or thought about what you will encounter.
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In the first phase, your teachers and parents typically led you to believe that success is a matter of learning, what you were taught and not making mistakes.
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and you were taught to take pride in what you know.
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That probably made you a bit arrogant, like I was a bit arrogant when I graduated from here.
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Thank you but it is living life and encountering your realities that will teach you The question is,
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will you learn well?
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My nature and encounters with realities led me to become a professional investor, which led me to start an investment firm out of my two -bedroom apartment.
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While I ran it for 50 years, built it into the largest hedge fund in the world, and then passed it along to the next generation,
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which many people consider a great success story, I know that it was learning from my painful mistakes that made me successful.
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For example, When I was 34 years old and had run Bridgewater for eight years, I calculated that American banks
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had lent much more money to emerging countries than those countries were going to be able to pay back,
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and that that would lead to a great debt crisis almost the largest since the Great Depression.
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And it was a very controversial view.
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But in August 1982, Mexico defaulted on its debt.
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and a number of other countries followed And we did have the greatest debt crisis since the Great Depression.
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Because I had anticipated that, I was asked to testify to Congress and appear on Wall Street Week which was the show at the time.
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I thought the stock market would fall a lot, But, I couldn't have been more wrong.
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The stock market and the economy went up rather than down.
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And I lost so much money for myself and my clients that I
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had to let almost everybody go and I was so broke
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that I had to borrow $4 ,000 from my dad to help pay for my family bills.
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It was one of the most painful experiences of my life, But it turned out to be one of the most valuable experiences of my life,
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because it gave me the humility I needed to balance with my audacity.
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Rather than thinking I'm right, I thought about how do I know I'm right, and how do I find that out?
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That led me to find the smartest people who would disagree with me to understand their perspectives and have them, my own perspectives, stress test.
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I would also, led me to understand diversification, how I could reduce my risk without reducing my returns.
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In other words, I learned from that.
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From that point on, my company,
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Bridgewater, did very well and I learned and it did well because What I learned,
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I never would have learned without that painful mistake.
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My life journey also led me to meet and marry a wonderful woman, who I've been married to for 48 years.
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It led me to have four children, which led me to have eight grandchildren, who are the joys of my life.
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Such is life.
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I believe that the most important decision in your life will be who you choose as your life partner.
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So that may be ahead, and that's an important decision.
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For me and for everyone, and will be true for you,
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There are lots of ups and downs along the way some unimaginably great and some unimaginably terrible.
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For example, I lost my son, which was worse than losing everything, including my life.
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What helped me through these challenges were two things: My meditation and my calmly reflecting on how reality works
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to get and write down the best principles for dealing with my realities.
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This habit changed my whole perspective on life.
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I began to see almost everything as another one of those.
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which happened to many people before in their own ways, and knowing that there's a better way to deal for each one one of those.
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One of my favorite principles that I learned through these sorts of experiences is pain plus reflection equals progress.
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I got in the habit of viewing pain as a signal that I have a problem.
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which I view as a puzzle TO SALVE that will give me a gem in the form of a great principle.
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I learned to value my painful experiences because they became my best learning experiences and led me to make my best advances.
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I found that this approach to learning from encounters with reality
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to be a much better way of succeeding in life than remembering what others were trying to teach me.
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Those experiences and making the most of them, especially the painful experiences, are your opportunities.
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Remember that you were born with a certain nature.
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and you are on your journey to understand it and find what suits you.
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Knowing your nature is always critically important to helping you understand what success is for you
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People have different views goals in life.
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So I can't tell you literally what is best for you.
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But I can tell you that success is not having a lot more money or status than you need, though most people think that that's what it is.
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And in fact, it can become an unhealthy obsession for a lot of people, so avoid that.
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Logically, having a lot more money than you need couldn't possibly be a source of great happiness compared with the alternatives.
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For example, It isn't more important than having the time and freedom to do what you most want to do.
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So what do I believe success is for most people?
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I believe that it is a matter of having meaningful work and meaningful relationships.
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I'll say that again, meaningful work and meaningful relationships.
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In other words, work and relationships that you are thrilled by.
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If you can make your work and your passion one and the same, and you could do it with people who you care about and care about you,
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you will have a happy, successful life.
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As you travel along on life's journey, You have a choice.
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of your approach to life.
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When life doesn't give you what you want, you can be angry or sad for yourself,
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or you can learn about how reality works and develop principles and that will work well to get you what you want.
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I urge you to own your life and take responsibility to make it great.
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Think about how reality works.
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Be radically open -minded to hear how you can be better and plan the moves to make
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in order to improve your life and make yourself a great life.
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And if you want to be really successful, recognize that you have to work damned hard at doing these things well.
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Excellence is worth it.
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That's just how life works.
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So the message that I want to leave you with today is that the most valuable thing
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you can have in the next phase of your life is not your diploma or even what you've learned thus far.
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It is your approach to life.
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If you take advantage of your experiences, good or painful, as opportunities to learn,
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you will find great principles that will help you deal with your realities well.
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In the process, you will discover your nature, and find excellent work and excellent relationships that will suit you.
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which will give you the best possible life.
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So, class of '26, congratulations.
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Now get out there and encounter your realities and your excellent sense of adventure.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you, Dr. Dalio.
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Về Bài Học Này
Trong bài phát biểu này, Ray Dalio chia sẻ những trải nghiệm của mình tại Long Island University và những bài học quý giá mà ông đã học được trong suốt 55 năm qua. Người học sẽ luyện nói tiếng anh thông qua việc nghe và nhắc lại những ý tưởng chính về sự quan trọng của các mối quan hệ, sự tự chủ và tư duy đúng đắn. Bài học cũng thúc đẩy bạn tìm kiếm được con đường phù hợp cho bản thân và sống theo những nguyên tắc tốt đẹp.
Từ Vựng & Cụm Từ Chìa Khóa
- commencement speech: bài phát biểu tốt nghiệp
- meaningful relationships: các mối quan hệ có ý nghĩa
- probation: trong thời gian thử việc
- meditate: thiền
- successful: thành công
- principles: nguyên tắc
- investment game: trò chơi đầu tư
- self-consciousness: nhận thức về bản thân
Mẹo Luyện Tập
Khi luyện nói tiếng anh với bài phát biểu này, hãy chú ý đến tốc độ và ngữ điệu của Ray Dalio. Ông nói với một giọng chậm rãi và rõ ràng, điều này giúp bạn dễ dàng theo dõi và nhắc lại. Sử dụng phần mềm shadowing để ghi lại âm thanh và nghe lại nhiều lần, cố gắng nhắc lại từng câu một cách chính xác. Kết hợp việc lặp lại với các cụm từ và từ vựng quan trọng để cải thiện phát âm tiếng anh chuẩn. Trong quá trình này, bạn có thể áp dụng kỹ thuật shadowspeaks để nâng cao khả năng nói của mình. Hãy tạo cho mình không gian yên tĩnh, thoải mái và tập trung, điều này sẽ giúp bạn dễ dàng luyện tập shadow speech.
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Mệnh đề quan hệ who / which + mệnh đề — thêm thông tin về người hoặc vật | friends who have · Club, which was · money, which was |
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | have been · I've learned · has been |
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | was then called · being elated · were taught |
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.