跟讀練習: For These Tiny Spiders, It's Sing or Get Served | Deep Look - 通過影片學習英語口語
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40 句
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1
Behold a very small and rather cute spider.
2
This is Clypietus, a jumping spider.
3
He doesn't spin webs.
4
Instead, he uses silk as a lifeline, reeling it out as he hops from place to place.
5
But right now, he's looking for a mate, the thread of a female spider that he can trace back to its source.
6
Problem is, she may have other priorities.
7
While he'll jump on pretty much anything that moves, she only mates once.
8
She's picky.
9
So he's going to make his case on the dance floor.
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Male jumping spiders perform courtship displays that would make
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Bob Fosse proud.
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Jazz hands.
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legs, leg lifts, they even shimmy their pedipelps,
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but he needs a soundtrack.
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So by beating together the front and back halves of his body, he creates vibrations that travel through the ground.
16
This is what her ears look like.
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Tiny membranes stretched across slits in her legs.
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To study these jumping spider pulses, researchers at the University of California,
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Berkeley, use a sophisticated laser vibrometer developed for quality testing cars and airplanes.
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It turns those vibrations into something we can hear. And guess what?
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It's a song.
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The first verse sounds like this, a fast heartbeat, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump.
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Then, more thumping, followed by something new, a boom.
24
This is verse two, that pattern over and over again.
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For verse 3, he adds a third element.
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Almost like he's casting a spell, right?
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From species to species, and there are thousands of different jumping spiders, the songs vary.
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But one thing never changes.
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Male jumping spiders sing like their lives depend on it, because they do.
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She may mate with him, she might refuse, but she might just eat him instead.
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When the Berkeley scientists prevented the males from singing while they danced, the Females were three times as likely to hunt them as prey.
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So he needs to go big.
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The closer he gets to her, the more danger he's in.
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The dance and the song get more and more urgent.
35
But even with all that, she's still calling the shots.
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Hi, it's Amy.
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If the female spiders are picky, with the males, the bar is so, so low.
38
He'll do this cording song and dance with pretty much anything.
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In the lab, scientists use frozen specimens like this one — a dead female spider
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and he still tries to mate with her.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“For These Tiny Spiders, It's Sing or Get Served”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：spider, thump, jumping, mate, Male。 這段影片共有 48 個句子、408 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 3:54。 說話人語速較慢，每分鐘約 105 個詞，你有足夠的時間模仿每一個音。 只有 75% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| spider 名詞 | /ˈspaɪ̯dɚ/ | җўҗў, зузу |
| verse 名詞 | /ˈvɝs/ | 詩 /詩 |
| scientist 名詞 | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | 科學家 /科學家 |
| vibration 名詞 | /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/ | 振動 /振動, 振盪 /振盪 |
| element 名詞 | /ˈɛləmənt/ | 要素 |
| thread 名詞 | /ˈθɹɛd/ | 線 /線 |
| ear 名詞 | /ˈɪə̯/ | 耳朵, 耳 |
| priority 名詞 | /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/ | 優先權 /優先權, 更重要的事 |
| hop 名詞 | /hɒp/ | 蛇麻草, 啤酒花 |
| refuse 動詞 | /ɹɪˈfjuːz/ | 拒絕 /拒絕, 回絕 /回絕 |
| spin 動詞 | /spɪn/ | 轉動 /轉動, 自轉 /自轉 |
| spell 名詞 | /spɛl/ | 咒語 /咒語, 咒文 |
| stretch 動詞 | /stɹɛt͡ʃ/ | 伸展, 拉 |
| jazz 名詞 | /d͡ʒæz/ | 爵士樂 /爵士樂, 爵士 |
| depend 動詞 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 信任, 信賴 /信賴 |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 4 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 he'll, doesn't, you're。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “th” 音: thread /ˈθɹɛd/, thump /θʌmp/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: vibration /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/, courtship /ˈkɔɹt.ʃɪp/, shimmy /ˈʃɪ.mi/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: verse /ˈvɝs/, vibration /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/, vary /ˈvɛəɹi/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: verse /ˈvɝs/, scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, element /ˈɛləmənt/, thread /ˈθɹɛd/, hop /hɒp/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: airplane /ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/, reel /ˈɹiːl/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 spider, verse, scientist 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。