跟读练习: For These Tiny Spiders, It's Sing or Get Served | Deep Look - 通过视频学习英语口语
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40 句
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Behold a very small and rather cute spider.
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This is Clypietus, a jumping spider.
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He doesn't spin webs.
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Instead, he uses silk as a lifeline, reeling it out as he hops from place to place.
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But right now, he's looking for a mate, the thread of a female spider that he can trace back to its source.
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Problem is, she may have other priorities.
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While he'll jump on pretty much anything that moves, she only mates once.
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She's picky.
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So he's going to make his case on the dance floor.
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Male jumping spiders perform courtship displays that would make
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Bob Fosse proud.
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Jazz hands.
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legs, leg lifts, they even shimmy their pedipelps,
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but he needs a soundtrack.
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So by beating together the front and back halves of his body, he creates vibrations that travel through the ground.
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This is what her ears look like.
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Tiny membranes stretched across slits in her legs.
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To study these jumping spider pulses, researchers at the University of California,
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Berkeley, use a sophisticated laser vibrometer developed for quality testing cars and airplanes.
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It turns those vibrations into something we can hear. And guess what?
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It's a song.
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The first verse sounds like this, a fast heartbeat, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump, thump.
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Then, more thumping, followed by something new, a boom.
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This is verse two, that pattern over and over again.
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For verse 3, he adds a third element.
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Almost like he's casting a spell, right?
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From species to species, and there are thousands of different jumping spiders, the songs vary.
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But one thing never changes.
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Male jumping spiders sing like their lives depend on it, because they do.
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She may mate with him, she might refuse, but she might just eat him instead.
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When the Berkeley scientists prevented the males from singing while they danced, the Females were three times as likely to hunt them as prey.
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So he needs to go big.
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The closer he gets to her, the more danger he's in.
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The dance and the song get more and more urgent.
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But even with all that, she's still calling the shots.
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Hi, it's Amy.
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If the female spiders are picky, with the males, the bar is so, so low.
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He'll do this cording song and dance with pretty much anything.
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In the lab, scientists use frozen specimens like this one — a dead female spider
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and he still tries to mate with her.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“For These Tiny Spiders, It's Sing or Get Served”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：spider, thump, jumping, mate, Male。 这段视频共有 48 个句子、408 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 3:54。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 105 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 只有 75% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| spider 名词 | /ˈspaɪ̯dɚ/ | җўҗў, зузу |
| verse 名词 | /ˈvɝs/ | 詩 /诗 |
| scientist 名词 | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | 科學家 /科学家 |
| vibration 名词 | /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/ | 振動 /振动, 振盪 /振荡 |
| element 名词 | /ˈɛləmənt/ | 要素 |
| thread 名词 | /ˈθɹɛd/ | 線 /线 |
| ear 名词 | /ˈɪə̯/ | 耳朵, 耳 |
| priority 名词 | /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/ | 優先權 /优先权, 更重要的事 |
| hop 名词 | /hɒp/ | 蛇麻草, 啤酒花 |
| refuse 动词 | /ɹɪˈfjuːz/ | 拒絕 /拒绝, 回絕 /回绝 |
| spin 动词 | /spɪn/ | 轉動 /转动, 自轉 /自转 |
| spell 名词 | /spɛl/ | 咒語 /咒语, 咒文 |
| stretch 动词 | /stɹɛt͡ʃ/ | 伸展, 拉 |
| jazz 名词 | /d͡ʒæz/ | 爵士樂 /爵士乐, 爵士 |
| depend 动词 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 信任, 信賴 /信赖 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 4 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 he'll, doesn't, you're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: thread /ˈθɹɛd/, thump /θʌmp/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: vibration /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/, courtship /ˈkɔɹt.ʃɪp/, shimmy /ˈʃɪ.mi/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: verse /ˈvɝs/, vibration /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/, vary /ˈvɛəɹi/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: verse /ˈvɝs/, scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, element /ˈɛləmənt/, thread /ˈθɹɛd/, hop /hɒp/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: airplane /ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/, reel /ˈɹiːl/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 spider, verse, scientist 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。