跟讀練習: How to Survive the Jurassic Period - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Time travel has just been invented. And congratulations!

You're being sent 200 million years back to the Jurassic period.

After hurling through time and space, you wake up to chirping birds and lush trees as far as the eye can see.

The air is warm and moist, and the stresses of your modern life are beginning to melt away.

That's when you hear leaves crunching behind you.

Your skin starts to crawl, and you can tell you're being watched.

A Tyrannosaurus Rex is deciding whether to have you for lunch, so you had better think quick.

This is How to Survive the Jurassic Period.

The Jurassic period is the second of three periods in the Mesozoic era, also known as the Age of Dinosaurs.

It began right after one of the largest mass extinctions on Earth and lasted around 56 million years.

So if traveling back home is out of your hands, you're settling in here for the long haul.

During this time, the supercontinent known as Pangaea split apart because of all the tectonic plate movement at the Earth's crust.

The rifting created new continents, as well as the Central Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.

These conditions allowed for marine organisms to diversify.

And on land, plants and dinosaurs began to thrive.

But living alongside dinos wouldn't exactly be a walk in the park.

What would you do for shelter?

How would you find food to eat?

And could you defend yourself from some of the largest creatures to ever roam the planet?

Step 1.

Find shelter.

Finding a safe place to rest your head for the night won't be an easy task.

Many dinosaurs have strong nocturnal vision, making them highly capable night hunters.

And others have a keen sense of smell, so hiding isn't an option either.

Your best bet is to set up camp in a faraway cave.

Just make sure it's not already occupied.

Step 2.

Become a Vegetarian.

Realistically, a human wouldn't be able to single-handedly hunt and kill a dinosaur.

And even if you could, the massive amount of meat left behind would attract too many other predators.

Another option would be to steal dinosaur eggs for a protein boost.

But only go for the nest if you're ready to face off with a protective mama dino.

The safest route is to stick to eating the surrounding vegetation.

Flowering plants haven't evolved yet, so you won't get any tasty fruits.

Hopefully, you like seaweed and mushrooms.

Step 3.

Defend yourself from predators.

The Jurassic period was full of extremely dangerous predators.

This one is 15 meters long and can swim.

This one hunts in packs.

And this one's bite is three times stronger than that of a great white shark.

Since you won't be able to out-muscle these massive creatures, try outsmarting them instead.

Memorize their patterns of behavior to stay one strategic step ahead in your newfound existence.

Research suggests that a human couldn't throw a spear hard enough to pierce a dinosaur's skin, so devising slingshots and traps might be a better use of your time.

Step 4.

Adjust to the climate.

Lucky for you, the Jurassic era is believed to have had a favorable tropical climate, much like today's Central America.

Global temperatures then were a few degrees Celsius hotter than modern day, because volcanic activity released extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

But hot and humid weather is manageable to withstand, as long as you stay hydrated.

Until we figure out how to go back in time, the chances of you walking with the dinosaurs are slim.

When technology finally catches up, though, you'll be ready.

And if time traveling makes you nervous, don't worry.

We have a video for that, too, on another How to Survive.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這段影片共有 53 個句子、625 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 4:17。說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 146 個詞，很適合跟讀。只有 78% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個不太常見的單詞，附發音和釋義：

dinosaur /ˈdaɪnəsoɹ/ (名詞) — 恐龍 /恐龍. Those animals of the clade Dinosauria that existed during the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods and are now extinct.
predator /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/ (名詞) — 掠食者, 天敵 /天敵. Any animal or other organism that hunts and kills other nonplant organisms (their prey), primarily for food.
defend /dɪˈfɪnd/ (動詞) — 保衛 /保衛, 守衛 /守衛. To ward off attacks against (something or someone).
shelter /ˈʃɛltə/ (名詞) — 棲身之地 /棲身之地, 住處 /住處. A place where a person or animal may find protection from the elements (especially rain, storms, or cold) sometimes as a place to sleep (such as a cave).
atmosphere /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ (名詞) — 大氣 /大氣, 氣圈 /氣圈. The gases surrounding the Earth or any astronomical body.
egg /ɛɡ/ (名詞) — 卵, 卵子. An approximately spherical or ellipsoidal body produced by birds, insects, reptiles, and other animals, often housing an embryo within a membrane or shell…
alongside /əˌlɔŋˈsaɪd/ — 旁邊 /旁邊. Side by side with.
muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/ (名詞) — 肌肉, 筋肉. A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.
strategic /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/ (形容詞) — 戰略的 /戰略的. Of or pertaining to strategy.
flower /ˈfloʊɚ/ (名詞) — хуа, хуар. A colorful, conspicuous structure associated with angiosperms, frequently scented and attracting various insects, and which may or may not be used for sexual…
steal /stiːl/ (動詞) — 偷, 盜 /盜. To take illegally, or without the owner's permission, something owned by someone else without intending to return it.
congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/ — 恭喜, 恭喜恭喜. Expressing praise and approval, expressing approbation.
hunter /ˈhʌntɚ/ (名詞) — 獵犬 /獵犬. One who hunts game for sport or for food; a huntsman or huntswoman.
trap /tɹæp/ (名詞) — 陷阱, 圈套. A machine or other device designed to catch (and sometimes kill) animals, either by holding them in a container, or by catching hold of part of the body.
bite /baɪt/ (動詞) — 咬. To cut into something by clamping the teeth.

影片中出現的短語動詞

figure out (動詞) — 弄清楚. To come to understand; to discover or find a solution; to deduce.
leave behind (動詞) — 遺棄 /遺棄. To abandon.

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 14 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 you're, won't, wouldn't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“th” 音: thrive /θɹajv/, withstand /wɪðˈstænd/
“sh” 和 “zh” 音: shelter /ˈʃɛltə/, congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/, mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/
長單詞——注意重音位置: congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/, favourable /ˈfeɪv(ə)ɹəbəl/, diversify /daɪˈvɝ.sə.faɪ/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 dinosaur, predator, defend 這類單詞。

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	been invented · being sent · being watched
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	has just been invented · haven't evolved
最高階 the -est / the most … — 一組中最高或最低的	the largest · Your best · The safest
比較級 -er than / more … than — 比較兩個事物	stronger than · hotter than

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: How to Survive the Jurassic Period - 通過影片學習英語口語

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