シャドーイング練習: How to Survive the Jurassic Period - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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Time travel has just been invented. And congratulations!
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You're being sent 200 million years back to the Jurassic period.
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After hurling through time and space, you wake up to chirping birds and lush trees as far as the eye can see.
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The air is warm and moist, and the stresses of your modern life are beginning to melt away.
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That's when you hear leaves crunching behind you.
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Your skin starts to crawl, and you can tell you're being watched.
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A Tyrannosaurus Rex is deciding whether to have you for lunch, so you had better think quick.
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This is How to Survive the Jurassic Period.
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The Jurassic period is the second of three periods in the Mesozoic era, also known as the Age of Dinosaurs.
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It began right after one of the largest mass extinctions on Earth and lasted around 56 million years.
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So if traveling back home is out of your hands, you're settling in here for the long haul.
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During this time, the supercontinent known as Pangaea split apart because of all the tectonic plate movement at the Earth's crust.
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The rifting created new continents, as well as the Central Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.
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These conditions allowed for marine organisms to diversify.
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And on land, plants and dinosaurs began to thrive.
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But living alongside dinos wouldn't exactly be a walk in the park.
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What would you do for shelter?
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How would you find food to eat?
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And could you defend yourself from some of the largest creatures to ever roam the planet?
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Step 1.
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Find shelter.
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Finding a safe place to rest your head for the night won't be an easy task.
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Many dinosaurs have strong nocturnal vision, making them highly capable night hunters.
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And others have a keen sense of smell, so hiding isn't an option either.
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Your best bet is to set up camp in a faraway cave.
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Just make sure it's not already occupied.
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Step 2.
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Become a Vegetarian.
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Realistically, a human wouldn't be able to single-handedly hunt and kill a dinosaur.
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And even if you could, the massive amount of meat left behind would attract too many other predators.
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Another option would be to steal dinosaur eggs for a protein boost.
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But only go for the nest if you're ready to face off with a protective mama dino.
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The safest route is to stick to eating the surrounding vegetation.
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Flowering plants haven't evolved yet, so you won't get any tasty fruits.
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Hopefully, you like seaweed and mushrooms.
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Step 3.
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Defend yourself from predators.
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The Jurassic period was full of extremely dangerous predators.
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This one is 15 meters long and can swim.
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This one hunts in packs.
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And this one's bite is three times stronger than that of a great white shark.
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Since you won't be able to out-muscle these massive creatures, try outsmarting them instead.
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Memorize their patterns of behavior to stay one strategic step ahead in your newfound existence.
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Research suggests that a human couldn't throw a spear hard enough to pierce a dinosaur's skin, so devising slingshots and traps might be a better use of your time.
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Step 4.
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Adjust to the climate.
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Lucky for you, the Jurassic era is believed to have had a favorable tropical climate, much like today's Central America.
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Global temperatures then were a few degrees Celsius hotter than modern day, because volcanic activity released extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
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But hot and humid weather is manageable to withstand, as long as you stay hydrated.
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Until we figure out how to go back in time, the chances of you walking with the dinosaurs are slim.
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When technology finally catches up, though, you'll be ready.
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And if time traveling makes you nervous, don't worry.
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We have a video for that, too, on another How to Survive.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が53文、単語が625語あります。 音声の長さは4:17です。 話す速さは1分あたり約146語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は78%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくるやや難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
- dinosaur /ˈdaɪnəsoɹ/ (名詞) — 恐竜. Those animals of the clade Dinosauria that existed during the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods and are now extinct.
- predator /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/ (名詞) — 天敵. Any animal or other organism that hunts and kills other nonplant organisms (their prey), primarily for food.
- defend /dɪˈfɪnd/ (動詞) — 守る, 防ぐ. To ward off attacks against (something or someone).
- shelter /ˈʃɛltə/ (名詞) — 避難所. A place where a person or animal may find protection from the elements (especially rain, storms, or cold) sometimes as a place to sleep (such as a cave).
- atmosphere /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ (名詞) — 大気, 大気圏. The gases surrounding the Earth or any astronomical body.
- egg /ɛɡ/ (名詞) — 卵, 玉子. An approximately spherical or ellipsoidal body produced by birds, insects, reptiles, and other animals, often housing an embryo within a membrane or shell…
- alongside /əˌlɔŋˈsaɪd/ — に沿って. Side by side with.
- muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/ (名詞) — 筋肉, 筋. A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.
- strategic /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/ (形容詞) — 戦略的な. Of or pertaining to strategy.
- flower /ˈfloʊɚ/ (名詞) — 花. A colorful, conspicuous structure associated with angiosperms, frequently scented and attracting various insects, and which may or may not be used for sexual…
- steal /stiːl/ (動詞) — 盗む. To take illegally, or without the owner's permission, something owned by someone else without intending to return it.
- congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/ — おめでとう, おめでとうございます. Expressing praise and approval, expressing approbation.
- hunter /ˈhʌntɚ/ (名詞) — 猟犬, 狩犬. One who hunts game for sport or for food; a huntsman or huntswoman.
- settle /ˈsɛtəl/ (動詞) — 解決する. To determine (something which was exposed to doubt or question); to resolve conclusively; to set or fix (a time, an order of succession, etc).
- trap /tɹæp/ (名詞) — 罠. A machine or other device designed to catch (and sometimes kill) animals, either by holding them in a container, or by catching hold of part of the body.
動画に出てくる句動詞
- leave behind (動詞) — 置き忘れる. To abandon.
注意したい発音
話し手はyou're, won't, wouldn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を14回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: thrive /θɹajv/, withstand /wɪðˈstænd/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: shelter /ˈʃɛltə/, congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/, mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/, favourable /ˈfeɪv(ə)ɹəbəl/, diversify /daɪˈvɝ.sə.faɪ/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。dinosaur, predator, defendなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | been invented · being sent · being watched |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | has just been invented · haven't evolved |
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。