تدريب Shadowing: How to Survive the Jurassic Period - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
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Time travel has just been invented. And congratulations!
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You're being sent 200 million years back to the Jurassic period.
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After hurling through time and space, you wake up to chirping birds and lush trees as far as the eye can see.
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The air is warm and moist, and the stresses of your modern life are beginning to melt away.
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That's when you hear leaves crunching behind you.
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Your skin starts to crawl, and you can tell you're being watched.
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A Tyrannosaurus Rex is deciding whether to have you for lunch, so you had better think quick.
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This is How to Survive the Jurassic Period.
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The Jurassic period is the second of three periods in the Mesozoic era, also known as the Age of Dinosaurs.
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It began right after one of the largest mass extinctions on Earth and lasted around 56 million years.
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So if traveling back home is out of your hands, you're settling in here for the long haul.
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During this time, the supercontinent known as Pangaea split apart because of all the tectonic plate movement at the Earth's crust.
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The rifting created new continents, as well as the Central Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.
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These conditions allowed for marine organisms to diversify.
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And on land, plants and dinosaurs began to thrive.
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But living alongside dinos wouldn't exactly be a walk in the park.
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What would you do for shelter?
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How would you find food to eat?
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And could you defend yourself from some of the largest creatures to ever roam the planet?
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Step 1.
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Find shelter.
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Finding a safe place to rest your head for the night won't be an easy task.
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Many dinosaurs have strong nocturnal vision, making them highly capable night hunters.
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And others have a keen sense of smell, so hiding isn't an option either.
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Your best bet is to set up camp in a faraway cave.
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Just make sure it's not already occupied.
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Step 2.
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Become a Vegetarian.
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Realistically, a human wouldn't be able to single-handedly hunt and kill a dinosaur.
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And even if you could, the massive amount of meat left behind would attract too many other predators.
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Another option would be to steal dinosaur eggs for a protein boost.
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But only go for the nest if you're ready to face off with a protective mama dino.
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The safest route is to stick to eating the surrounding vegetation.
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Flowering plants haven't evolved yet, so you won't get any tasty fruits.
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Hopefully, you like seaweed and mushrooms.
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Step 3.
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Defend yourself from predators.
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The Jurassic period was full of extremely dangerous predators.
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This one is 15 meters long and can swim.
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This one hunts in packs.
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And this one's bite is three times stronger than that of a great white shark.
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Since you won't be able to out-muscle these massive creatures, try outsmarting them instead.
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Memorize their patterns of behavior to stay one strategic step ahead in your newfound existence.
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Research suggests that a human couldn't throw a spear hard enough to pierce a dinosaur's skin, so devising slingshots and traps might be a better use of your time.
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Step 4.
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Adjust to the climate.
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Lucky for you, the Jurassic era is believed to have had a favorable tropical climate, much like today's Central America.
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Global temperatures then were a few degrees Celsius hotter than modern day, because volcanic activity released extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
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But hot and humid weather is manageable to withstand, as long as you stay hydrated.
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Until we figure out how to go back in time, the chances of you walking with the dinosaurs are slim.
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When technology finally catches up, though, you'll be ready.
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And if time traveling makes you nervous, don't worry.
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We have a video for that, too, on another How to Survive.
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 53 جملة و625 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 4:17. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 146 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 78% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة أقل شيوعًا من الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:
- dinosaur /ˈdaɪnəsoɹ/ (اسم) — دِينَاصَوْر. Those animals of the clade Dinosauria that existed during the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods and are now extinct.
- predator /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/ (اسم) — مُفْتَرِس, ضَارٍ. Any animal or other organism that hunts and kills other nonplant organisms (their prey), primarily for food.
- defend /dɪˈfɪnd/ (فعل) — دَافَعَ. To ward off attacks against (something or someone).
- shelter /ˈʃɛltə/ (اسم) — مَلَاذ, مَخْلَص. A place where a person or animal may find protection from the elements (especially rain, storms, or cold) sometimes as a place to sleep (such as a cave).
- atmosphere /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ (اسم) — جَو, غِلَاف جَوِّيّ. The gases surrounding the Earth or any astronomical body.
- egg /ɛɡ/ (اسم) — بَيْض, بَيْضَة. An approximately spherical or ellipsoidal body produced by birds, insects, reptiles, and other animals, often housing an embryo within a membrane or shell…
- alongside /əˌlɔŋˈsaɪd/ — تَزَامُنًا. Side by side with.
- muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/ (اسم) — عَضَلَة. A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.
- strategic /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/ (صفة) — إِسْتِرَاتِيجِيّ. Of or pertaining to strategy.
- flower /ˈfloʊɚ/ (اسم) — زَهْرَة, زُهُور. A colorful, conspicuous structure associated with angiosperms, frequently scented and attracting various insects, and which may or may not be used for sexual…
- steal /stiːl/ (فعل) — سَرَقَ. To take illegally, or without the owner's permission, something owned by someone else without intending to return it.
- congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/ — مُبَارَك, مَبْرُوك. Expressing praise and approval, expressing approbation.
- trap /tɹæp/ (اسم) — فَخّ, مِصْيَدَة. A machine or other device designed to catch (and sometimes kill) animals, either by holding them in a container, or by catching hold of part of the body.
- bite /baɪt/ (فعل) — عَضَّ, قَضَمَ. To cut into something by clamping the teeth.
- leaf /lif/ (اسم) — وَرَقَة, وَرَقة. The usually green and flat organ that represents the most prominent feature of most vegetative plants.
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 14 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل you're, won't, wouldn't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “th”: thrive /θɹajv/, withstand /wɪðˈstænd/
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: shelter /ˈʃɛltə/, congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/, mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/, favourable /ˈfeɪv(ə)ɹəbəl/, diversify /daɪˈvɝ.sə.faɪ/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل dinosaur, predator, defend.
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | been invented · being sent · being watched |
| المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن | has just been invented · haven't evolved |
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.