跟讀練習: Learn How to Read the IPA | Phonetic Alphabet - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Hi, everyone. Do you know what the IPA is? It's the International Phonetic Alphabet.

These are the symbols that represent the sounds we say. Can you read this sentence?

I speak English.

Do you have to know the IPA to become fluent in English? No. Do you have to know the IPA to have good pronunciation? No. Not necessarily. But if you know the IPA, it's a tool that can help you. Being familiar with the IPA will make more information accessible to you, like the pronunciation listed in a dictionary. You'll also have greater awareness of individual sounds, and this will help you both hear and produce clearer contrasts between similar sounds.

I'm Jennifer from English with Jennifer, and using the IPA, I'd like to take you through the consonant and vowel sounds in American English. Please note there are variations of the IPA, but having familiarity with one system will make it easier to understand another. I often refer to the Longman Dictionary of American English, and I have a number of pronunciation textbooks in my personal library. One I've always liked is Accurate English by Rebecca Dauer.

Let's start with the consonant sounds. It's easy to recognize B, P, D, and T. Look. When we see the letter B, we say /b/. Can you read this word?

Baby. Note the use of the stress symbol to show that the first syllable is stressed: baby. P is /p/. How about this word? It's something we all desire: peace. The letter D makes the sound /d/. If you understood how to read "peace," you can figure out this word: deep. A true T sounds like /t/. Do you remember this word? Baby. So now try to read this word: date. Good.

Now in American English the letter T can have different pronunciations.

In a word like "little," we use a flap T. It looks like this. Here's how we write "little." So can you figure out this word? Battle.

American English speakers may use a glottal stop in a word like "fountain." There are different symbols for a glottal stop. One of them looks like this. We often use a glottal stop when T comes before a pause or another consonant sound. Read these words with me, and we'll use a glottal stop.

At. It. What.

The symbols for G and K are easy to recognize. The letter G sounds like /g/.

What word is this? Pig. The letter K sounds like /k/. Read these words: pick, key. Good.

Let's look at four more symbols that are easy to read. They represent V, F, Z, and S. V is /v/. Read these words: give, live. F is /f/. Can you read these words?

If. Fit. Z is /z/. Where might you see a monkey if you live in a big city? At a zoo. S is /s/. If this is "zoo," then what girl's name is this? Sue. Right.

Excellent. Next, we have two symbols for "th." If TH is voiced, we use this symbol, as in: though, those. If TH is unvoiced, we use this symbol, as in: thin, thought.

The "j" sound can have different spellings, but the phonetic symbol is this. A short version of my name is "Jen." Can you recognize who this person is? Judge.

This symbol represents /tʃ/, which can be written with a CH or a TCH.

What part of the face is this? Chin. And some people still wear a watch.

How do we tell people to be quiet? Shh. Read these words with me. She. Sheep. Sheet.

This symbol represents present /ʒ/ as in: treasure, measure. The phonetic symbols for H, L, M, and N are thankfully easier to read. H sounds like /h/ as in "head." L makes the /l/ sound. Read these words with me. Led. Let. List.

M is /m/ as in: met, mist. N is /n/ as in "net: and the number "ten." Have you ever seen this symbol? It kind of looks like "n," right? It represents the "ng" sound. Can you read these words?

Ring. Sing.

R as a consonant sounds like /r/. You just read "ring," so what's this word? Wrong.

The W and Y sounds are also easy to recognize. W sounds like /w/. Can you read these words?

Wing. Wet. Y sounds like /y/. I'm confident you can read these words: yes, yet. Good job.

For more detailed information about how the consonant sounds are made, you can watch my video on the 24 consonant sounds in American English.

Now it's time to go through the vowel sounds. Ready? There are 15 vowel sounds in American English. Again, there are different systems, so other resources may not match the list I'm sharing with you, but it does correspond to my playlist on Vowel Sounds in American English.

First, read the front vowels with me. /i, ɪ, eɪ, ɛ, æ/ Now see if you can match words to their phonetic transcriptions.

Here are two more vowel sounds. First, "uh" as in "fun." But if this sound is unstressed, you'll see the schwa symbol. It looks like an upside down "e." This is the same sound basically, but it's unstressed. Which syllable is stressed in the word "confident"? Confident. The first one is stressed, right? This means the other two vowel sounds are unstressed. Take a look at the phonetic transcription. Confident. See how the "e" becomes a schwa? In fact, some dictionaries show "confident" like this, with two schwa symbols. Confident. The truth is that the difference between a short i and a schwa in an unstressed syllable in fast speech can be really hard to hear hard to hear with confidence. Confident. Confidence. Confidently.

Look at the stressed syllable in "confident" again, and you'll see this symbol. Confident. /ɑ/ as in "confident" and as in "father." Now say these back vowel sounds with me. /u, ʊ, oʊ, ɔ/ For Some American English speakers, including me, there isn't always a big difference between /ɔ/ in "jaw" and /ɑ/ as in "father" or "confident." In fact, I have to really think about it to produce a clear difference. Can you match these words to their phonetic transcriptions?

Now we'll look at three diphthongs. They each use two symbols because they represent a gliding from one vowel sound to another. Repeat after me. /aɪ, aʊ, ɔɪ/ Can you read the words?

like how toy kite around moist tonight shout join Great. Finally we have this symbol to represent /ɚ/.

I know the /ɚ/ sound is a tricky sound for many learners to pronounce. If you need a more detailed explanation, you can go to my playlist on vowel sounds in American English. Read with me.

sir shirt flirt learn work term Now see if you can read these words that use other vowel sounds in combination with /ɚ/.

ear fair heart more higher power How about a final challenge to review everything? Again, the goal here is increased familiarity with the IPA. I don't expect you to have all the symbols memorized at this point, especially if you've never seen the symbols before. We're going to read slowly. Okay?

But if you really want to challenge yourself, you can pause the video. Read aloud. Then play the video. Listen and check to see if you read the symbols correctly.

Pronunciation is important, but that doesn't mean you have to lose your accent. Look back at "pronunciation." You'll see two stress marks. That's because there's primary stress and secondary stress. This is common in longer words. Look at "important." I just said that carefully and with a true T. With faster, more relaxed pronunciation, I'd probably use a glottal stop: important. Also, the sound /ɔr/ can be written a couple different ways. Some dictionaries will show it like this. Others may show it like that.

I prefer the /ɚ/ sound because then it reminds me that we're really combining two vowel sounds.

/ɔɚ/ Important or important. Finally you'll see some reduction here. "To" is reduced because it's not stressed. So I say /tə/. Also, "your" is reduced. Tt's not stressed, so I say /yɚ/. Your. Your accent.

You don't have to sound exactly like a native speaker. Note how I flap the T in "native." Even native speakers have accents.

The main goal should be to speak clearly and accurately.

Note that the word "clearly" can also be transcribed this way. And some dictionaries may list accurately with a second schwa sound because that syllable is unstressed.

Accent training is about accent reduction, and you work towards having smooth, clear speech.

So continue your pronunciation practice, but have realistic goals and have faith that your training will pay off.

Here's the full text, and I'll read at a natural pace.

Pronunciation is important, but that doesn't mean you have to lose your accent. You don't have to sound exactly like a native speaker. Even native speakers have accents. The main goal should be to speak clearly and accurately. Accent training is about accent reduction, and you work towards having smooth, clear speech. So continue your pronunciation practice, but have realistic goals, and have faith that your training will pay off.

We'll end here. Please remember to like and share the video if you found the lesson useful. As always, always thanks for watching and happy studies!

I'd like to say a special thank you to a Kind-Hearted Patron Yummy Bian pledged $2 a month. Thank you.

Follow me on Instagram, Facebook, X, and Patreon. And don't forget to subscribe here on YouTube. Turn on those notifications.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節 B1 級別的口語課以影片“Learn How to Read the IPA”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：sound, word, symbol, English, vowel。這段影片共有 50 個句子、1584 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 19:27。說話人語速較慢，每分鐘約 81 個詞，你有足夠的時間模仿每一個音。只有 78% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。全部 50 個句子中有 28 個是問句，適合練習疑問語調和簡短回答。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
symbol 名詞	/ˈsɪmbəl/	符號 /符號
vowel 名詞	/ˈvaʊ.əl/	母音, 母音
pronunciation 名詞	/pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/	發音 /發音
accent 名詞	/ækˈsɛnt/	重音, 腔調 /腔調
consonant 名詞	/ˈkɑn.sə.nənt/	子音, 子音 /子音
syllable 名詞	/ˈsɪl.ə.bəl/	音節 /音節
unstressed 形容詞	/ʌnˈstɹɛst/	非重讀的 /非重讀的
litter 名詞	/ˈlɪt.ɚ/	墊料
dictionary 名詞	/ˈdɪk.ʃəˌnɛ.ɹi/	хуадян, цыдян
playlist 名詞	/ˈpleɪˌlɪst/	播放列表, 歌單 /歌單
pause 名詞	/pɔːz/	停頓 /停頓, 暫停 /暫停
realistic 形容詞	/ˌɹɪəˈlɪs.tɪk/	現實 /現實, 栩栩如生
diphthong 名詞	/ˈdɪpˌθɔŋ/	雙母音 /雙母音
learner 名詞	/ˈlɜɹnəɹ/	學習者 /學習者
memorize 動詞	/ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/	記住 /記住, 熟記 /熟記

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
figure out 動詞	弄清楚
go through 動詞	通過 /通過

值得反覆跟讀的句子

影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：

Can you read this sentence?
Can you read this word?
Do you remember this word?
Can you read these words?
You just read "ring," so what's this word?

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	is voiced · can be written · are made
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	I've always liked · you've never seen
用 “might / may” 表可能 might/may + 動詞 — 有可能但不確定的事	may use · may not match · may show
用 “should” 提建議 should + 動詞 — 表示應該做的事	should be

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 26 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 you'll, don't, I'd。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, schwa /ʃwɑ/, dictionary /ˈdɪk.ʃəˌnɛ.ɹi/, transcription /tɹænˈskɹɪpʃən/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
長單詞——注意重音位置: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, dictionary /ˈdɪk.ʃəˌnɛ.ɹi/, accurately /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/, familiarity /fəmɪliˈæɹɪti/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: vowel /ˈvaʊ.əl/, unvoiced /ˌʌnˈvɔɪst/, variation /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: accent /ækˈsɛnt/, consonant /ˈkɑn.sə.nənt/, phonetic /fəˈnɛt.ɪk/, unstressed /ʌnˈstɹɛst/, distress /dɪˈstɹɛs/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: accurately /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/, familiarity /fəmɪliˈæɹɪti/, realistic /ˌɹɪəˈlɪs.tɪk/, learner /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/, correctly /kəˈɹɛk(t).li/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 symbol, vowel, pronunciation 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: Learn How to Read the IPA | Phonetic Alphabet - 通過影片學習英語口語

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