Shadowing Practice: Learn How to Read the IPA | Phonetic Alphabet - Learn English Speaking with Video
Ders oluşturuluyor...
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Hi, everyone. Do you know what the IPA is? It's the International Phonetic Alphabet.
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These are the symbols that represent the sounds we say. Can you read this sentence?
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I speak English.
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Do you have to know the IPA to become fluent in English? No. Do you have to know the IPA to have good pronunciation? No. Not necessarily. But if you know the IPA, it's a tool that can help you. Being familiar with the IPA will make more information accessible to you, like the pronunciation listed in a dictionary. You'll also have greater awareness of individual sounds, and this will help you both hear and produce clearer contrasts between similar sounds.
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I'm Jennifer from English with Jennifer, and using the IPA, I'd like to take you through the consonant and vowel sounds in American English. Please note there are variations of the IPA, but having familiarity with one system will make it easier to understand another. I often refer to the Longman Dictionary of American English, and I have a number of pronunciation textbooks in my personal library. One I've always liked is Accurate English by Rebecca Dauer.
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Let's start with the consonant sounds. It's easy to recognize B, P, D, and T. Look. When we see the letter B, we say /b/. Can you read this word?
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Baby. Note the use of the stress symbol to show that the first syllable is stressed: baby. P is /p/. How about this word? It's something we all desire: peace. The letter D makes the sound /d/. If you understood how to read "peace," you can figure out this word: deep. A true T sounds like /t/. Do you remember this word? Baby. So now try to read this word: date. Good.
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Now in American English the letter T can have different pronunciations.
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In a word like "little," we use a flap T. It looks like this. Here's how we write "little." So can you figure out this word? Battle.
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American English speakers may use a glottal stop in a word like "fountain." There are different symbols for a glottal stop. One of them looks like this. We often use a glottal stop when T comes before a pause or another consonant sound. Read these words with me, and we'll use a glottal stop.
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At. It. What.
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The symbols for G and K are easy to recognize. The letter G sounds like /g/.
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What word is this? Pig. The letter K sounds like /k/. Read these words: pick, key. Good.
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Let's look at four more symbols that are easy to read. They represent V, F, Z, and S. V is /v/. Read these words: give, live. F is /f/. Can you read these words?
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If. Fit. Z is /z/. Where might you see a monkey if you live in a big city? At a zoo. S is /s/. If this is "zoo," then what girl's name is this? Sue. Right.
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Excellent. Next, we have two symbols for "th." If TH is voiced, we use this symbol, as in: though, those. If TH is unvoiced, we use this symbol, as in: thin, thought.
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The "j" sound can have different spellings, but the phonetic symbol is this. A short version of my name is "Jen." Can you recognize who this person is? Judge.
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This symbol represents /tʃ/, which can be written with a CH or a TCH.
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What part of the face is this? Chin. And some people still wear a watch.
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How do we tell people to be quiet? Shh. Read these words with me. She. Sheep. Sheet.
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This symbol represents present /ʒ/ as in: treasure, measure. The phonetic symbols for H, L, M, and N are thankfully easier to read. H sounds like /h/ as in "head." L makes the /l/ sound. Read these words with me. Led. Let. List.
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M is /m/ as in: met, mist. N is /n/ as in "net: and the number "ten." Have you ever seen this symbol? It kind of looks like "n," right? It represents the "ng" sound. Can you read these words?
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Ring. Sing.
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R as a consonant sounds like /r/. You just read "ring," so what's this word? Wrong.
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The W and Y sounds are also easy to recognize. W sounds like /w/. Can you read these words?
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Wing. Wet. Y sounds like /y/. I'm confident you can read these words: yes, yet. Good job.
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For more detailed information about how the consonant sounds are made, you can watch my video on the 24 consonant sounds in American English.
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Now it's time to go through the vowel sounds. Ready? There are 15 vowel sounds in American English. Again, there are different systems, so other resources may not match the list I'm sharing with you, but it does correspond to my playlist on Vowel Sounds in American English.
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First, read the front vowels with me. /i, ɪ, eɪ, ɛ, æ/ Now see if you can match words to their phonetic transcriptions.
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Here are two more vowel sounds. First, "uh" as in "fun." But if this sound is unstressed, you'll see the schwa symbol. It looks like an upside down "e." This is the same sound basically, but it's unstressed. Which syllable is stressed in the word "confident"? Confident. The first one is stressed, right? This means the other two vowel sounds are unstressed. Take a look at the phonetic transcription. Confident. See how the "e" becomes a schwa? In fact, some dictionaries show "confident" like this, with two schwa symbols. Confident. The truth is that the difference between a short i and a schwa in an unstressed syllable in fast speech can be really hard to hear hard to hear with confidence. Confident. Confidence. Confidently.
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Look at the stressed syllable in "confident" again, and you'll see this symbol. Confident. /ɑ/ as in "confident" and as in "father." Now say these back vowel sounds with me. /u, ʊ, oʊ, ɔ/ For Some American English speakers, including me, there isn't always a big difference between /ɔ/ in "jaw" and /ɑ/ as in "father" or "confident." In fact, I have to really think about it to produce a clear difference. Can you match these words to their phonetic transcriptions?
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Now we'll look at three diphthongs. They each use two symbols because they represent a gliding from one vowel sound to another. Repeat after me. /aɪ, aʊ, ɔɪ/ Can you read the words?
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like how toy kite around moist tonight shout join Great. Finally we have this symbol to represent /ɚ/.
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I know the /ɚ/ sound is a tricky sound for many learners to pronounce. If you need a more detailed explanation, you can go to my playlist on vowel sounds in American English. Read with me.
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sir shirt flirt learn work term Now see if you can read these words that use other vowel sounds in combination with /ɚ/.
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ear fair heart more higher power How about a final challenge to review everything? Again, the goal here is increased familiarity with the IPA. I don't expect you to have all the symbols memorized at this point, especially if you've never seen the symbols before. We're going to read slowly. Okay?
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But if you really want to challenge yourself, you can pause the video. Read aloud. Then play the video. Listen and check to see if you read the symbols correctly.
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Pronunciation is important, but that doesn't mean you have to lose your accent. Look back at "pronunciation." You'll see two stress marks. That's because there's primary stress and secondary stress. This is common in longer words. Look at "important." I just said that carefully and with a true T. With faster, more relaxed pronunciation, I'd probably use a glottal stop: important. Also, the sound /ɔr/ can be written a couple different ways. Some dictionaries will show it like this. Others may show it like that.
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I prefer the /ɚ/ sound because then it reminds me that we're really combining two vowel sounds.
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/ɔɚ/ Important or important. Finally you'll see some reduction here. "To" is reduced because it's not stressed. So I say /tə/. Also, "your" is reduced. Tt's not stressed, so I say /yɚ/. Your. Your accent.
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You don't have to sound exactly like a native speaker. Note how I flap the T in "native." Even native speakers have accents.
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The main goal should be to speak clearly and accurately.
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Note that the word "clearly" can also be transcribed this way. And some dictionaries may list accurately with a second schwa sound because that syllable is unstressed.
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Accent training is about accent reduction, and you work towards having smooth, clear speech.
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So continue your pronunciation practice, but have realistic goals and have faith that your training will pay off.
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Here's the full text, and I'll read at a natural pace.
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Pronunciation is important, but that doesn't mean you have to lose your accent. You don't have to sound exactly like a native speaker. Even native speakers have accents. The main goal should be to speak clearly and accurately. Accent training is about accent reduction, and you work towards having smooth, clear speech. So continue your pronunciation practice, but have realistic goals, and have faith that your training will pay off.
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We'll end here. Please remember to like and share the video if you found the lesson useful. As always, always thanks for watching and happy studies!
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I'd like to say a special thank you to a Kind-Hearted Patron Yummy Bian pledged $2 a month. Thank you.
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Follow me on Instagram, Facebook, X, and Patreon. And don't forget to subscribe here on YouTube. Turn on those notifications.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu B1 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “Learn How to Read the IPA” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: sound, word, symbol, English, vowel. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 50 cümle ve 1584 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 19:27 sürüyor. Konuşmacı yavaş konuşuyor, dakikada yaklaşık 81 kelime; her sesi taklit etmek için zamanınız var. Kelimelerin yalnızca %78’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı. 50 cümlenin 28 tanesi soru; soru tonlaması ve kısa cevaplar için iyi bir alıştırma.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodaki en ileri düzey 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| symbol isim | /ˈsɪmbəl/ | simge, sembol |
| vowel isim | /ˈvaʊ.əl/ | ünlü, sesli |
| pronunciation isim | /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ | telaffuz, okunuş |
| accent isim | /ækˈsɛnt/ | vurgu, tonlama |
| consonant isim | /ˈkɑn.sə.nənt/ | ünsüz, sessiz |
| glottal sıfat | /ˈɡlɑ.təl/ | gırtlaksal, gırtlaksı |
| syllable isim | /ˈsɪl.ə.bəl/ | hece |
| litter isim | /ˈlɪt.ɚ/ | altlık |
| dictionary isim | /ˈdɪk.ʃəˌnɛ.ɹi/ | sözlük, lügat |
| distress isim | /dɪˈstɹɛs/ | bun, kaygı |
| playlist isim | /ˈpleɪˌlɪst/ | çalma listesi, oynatma listesi |
| pause isim | /pɔːz/ | mola, teneffüs |
| realistic sıfat | /ˌɹɪəˈlɪs.tɪk/ | gerçekçi |
| memorize fiil | /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/ | ezberlemek |
| aloud zarf | /əˈlaʊd/ | yüksek sesle |
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
| Kelime | Anlam |
|---|---|
| figure out fiil | açığa çıkarmak |
Tekrar etmeye değer cümleler
Videodan, günlük konuşmada yeniden kullanabileceğiniz kısa ve tam cümleler:
- Can you read this sentence?
- Can you read this word?
- Do you remember this word?
- Can you read these words?
- You just read "ring," so what's this word?
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | is stressed · is voiced · can be written |
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | I've always liked · you've never seen |
| “might / may” ile olasılık might/may + fiil — mümkün ama kesin olmayan bir şey | may use · may not match · may show |
| “should” ile tavsiye should + fiil — yapılması iyi olanı söylemek | should be |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı you'll, don't, I'd gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 26 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, schwa /ʃwɑ/, dictionary /ˈdɪk.ʃəˌnɛ.ɹi/, transcription /tɹænˈskɹɪpʃən/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, dictionary /ˈdɪk.ʃəˌnɛ.ɹi/, accurately /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/, familiarity /fəmɪliˈæɹɪti/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:
- Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, glottal /ˈɡlɑ.təl/, schwa /ʃwɑ/, transcription /tɹænˈskɹɪpʃən/, flap /flæp/
- /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: accent /ækˈsɛnt/, transcription /tɹænˈskɹɪpʃən/, accurately /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/, familiarity /fəmɪliˈæɹɪti/, flap /flæp/
- /ŋ/ — sondaki /g/ okunmaz: diphthong /ˈdɪpˌθɔŋ/, spelling /ˈspɛl.ɪŋ/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; symbol, vowel, pronunciation gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.