跟讀練習: What Happened to the Dinosaurs? - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Clues, clues, lookin’ for clues… Oh!

It’s you! Hi!

You were probably expecting Jessi, right?

Well, she and Squeaks will be back next time, but right now they're off doing a bit of detective work in Yucatán, Mexico!

You might say they’ve flown south for the winter.

And of course I approve of that!

Very bird-like of them.

You see, we teamed up because we got curious about one of the greatest mysteries of all time: What happened to the dinosaurs?

If you know me, you know that I loooove dinosaurs.

And a long time ago — around 65 million years! — the dinosaurs were large and in charge.

They had ruled the Earth for over 160 million years.

And then, something strange happened, not just to dinosaurs, but to over half the Earth's species.

That means a type of living thing, like oak trees, or cuckoo birds like me, or humans like you.

All at once, about 65 million years ago, a bunch of different species just went extinct — they were completely wiped out!

That’s because something big happened, causing huge changes on Earth.

Changes in the weather, changes in the oceans … changes that made it harder for dinosaurs and other living things to find food and survive.

Sure sounds mysterious!

Most species will go extinct sometime, but what I wanna know is: What happened?

What caused so many species – from tiny ocean creatures to big land reptiles like T-rex and Triceratops – to all go extinct at the same time?

Scientists don’t know for sure, but they have a few different guesses.

Some scientists think it happened because of a giant rock moving through space, called an asteroid, that crashed into the Earth.

As it happens, that’s just what Jessi and Squeaks went to Mexico to learn more about!

And Jessi’s giving us a call right now!

How’s your vacation, Jessi?

Jessi: Terrific, Dino!

Squeaks and I are here at the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, and we’re learning so much!

We learned that 65 million years ago, an asteroid blasted in from outer space and landed right here!

This asteroid was enormous — it was 12 kilometers wide, so big that it would take hours just to walk from one side to the other.

And when it landed, the explosion left an even bigger crater — a big bowl-shaped dent in the Earth.

It’s called the Chicxulub crater, and it’s about 150 kilometers wide.

The explosion sent lots of rocks and other debris raining down on anything nearby.

And it sent billions of tons of soot into the air!

Soot is the dusty stuff that’s left over when something burns up, Dino: That's one powerful explosion!

Jessi: It sure was!

It made the whole world really hot for a few days.

And it started fires, giant waves, and huge, strong winds; and it shook the Earth, in a super powerful earthquake!

Dino: Thanks for the hot tips, Jessi.

Enjoy the rest of your trip!

Now, some scientists think that the explosion from the asteroid sent so much soot into the air that it blocked out the Sun.

For a while, it was really dark outside, even during the day!

And without sunshine, it started to get cold, which meant some of the living things that were used to warmer weather couldn’t survive.

There was another problem, too: plants need sunlight to live, so a lot of the plants back then died.

Without plants, the animals that ate plants didn't have enough food, and without enough plant-eaters, the animals that ate meat went hungry too.

That’s why some scientists think the asteroid was what caused the dinosaurs to go extinct!

But other scientists think there may have been another cause, and that even before that asteroid crashed into the Earth, disaster was in the air for the dinosaurs.

And they think the culprit was ... volcanoes!

Because right around the time that the dinosaurs went extinct, one of the biggest volcanic eruptions in history was underway, in the area of the world that’s now India.

For close to a million years, eruptions sent rocks and dust and soot onto the land and into the air.

Just like with the asteroid impact, all this stuff in the air would have blocked out the Sun, making the Earth cooler and darker.

So we don’t know for sure what darkened the skies and wiped out all those species — it could have been the asteroid, or it could have been the volcanoes, or both!

We have so many clues, but the true culprit is going to remain a mystery... for now.

Either way, the dinosaurs were pretty unlucky!

A lot of things went very wrong for them, all at the same time.

But even though life was hard, some types of plants and animals were able to find food and shelter while the Earth was changing, and they survived!

Whatever happened all those years ago, life on Earth goes on, and we’re all here, solving mysteries together!

Do you have any big mysteries you’re wondering about?

Ask a grownup to help you and leave a comment below, or send us an email at [email protected].

And if you want to join us next time, hit that subscribe button!

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節 A2 級別的口語課以影片“What Happened to the Dinosaurs?”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：dinosaurs, Earth, asteroid, Jessi, plant。這段影片共有 58 個句子、870 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 4:28。說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 194 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 81% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
dinosaur 名詞	/ˈdaɪnəsoɹ/	恐龍 /恐龍
asteroid 名詞	/ˈæst(ə)ɹɔɪd/	小行星
scientist 名詞	/ˈsaɪəntəst/	科學家 /科學家
mystery 名詞	/ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/	謎 /謎, 謎團 /謎團
explosion 名詞	/ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/	爆炸, 爆發 /爆發
clue 名詞	/kluː/	線索 /線索
wipe 動詞	/waɪp/	擦, 擦拭
volcano 名詞	/vɑlˈkeɪ.noʊ/	火山
crater 名詞	/ˈkɹeɪ.tɚ/	環形山 /環形山, 撞擊坑 /撞擊坑
eruption 名詞	/ɪˈɹʌpʃən/	噴發 /噴發, 爆發 /爆發
curious 形容詞	/ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/	好奇, 有好奇心
hungry 形容詞	/ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/	飢餓 /飢餓, 餓 /餓
solve 動詞	/sɒlv/	解決 /解決
dust 名詞	/dʌst/	чынтў, хуэйтў
vacation 名詞	/veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/	假期

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
過去進行時 was/were + -ing — 過去某一時刻正在進行的動作	were probably expecting · was changing
用 “might / may” 表可能 might/may + 動詞 — 有可能但不確定的事	might say · may have
最高階 the -est / the most … — 一組中最高或最低的	the greatest · the biggest
現在進行時 am/is/are + -ing — 此刻或近期正在發生的事	we're learning · you're wondering

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 10 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, we're, couldn't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: explosion /ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/, eruption /ɪˈɹʌpʃən/, vacation /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, shake /ˈʃeɪk/, shelter /ˈʃɛltə/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: volcano /vɑlˈkeɪ.noʊ/, solve /sɒlv/, vacation /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, detective /dɪˈtɛktɪv/, approve /əˈpɹuːv/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: asteroid /ˈæst(ə)ɹɔɪd/, scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/, wipe /waɪp/, curious /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: culprit /ˈkʌlpɹɪt/, reptile /ˈɹɛp.taɪl/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 dinosaur, asteroid, scientist 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: What Happened to the Dinosaurs? - 通過影片學習英語口語

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