跟读练习: How Social Media Is Rewiring Our Brains - 通过视频学习英语口语
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40 句
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Social media is a fascinating new human phenomenon and when we look at it deeply from a brain point of view,
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when we start with the foundation that the brain is actually the social organ of the body,
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we can understand why social media and and brain functions would go hand in hand.
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That is, the reason social media took off in this last 10 years is
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because the brain is social and people really want to connect with each other.
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And then, once social media was designed and keeps on creating itself, then the social media, in fact,
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is going to be shaping the brain so that the brain is responsive to culture.
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And in one of our research centers at UCLA, what we're able to show is that cultural experiences,
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that is messages sent out in society that are mediated through communication, either one-on-one or mass media communication,
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actually shape the actual structure of the brain.
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And so it's a two-way street.
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The brain created social media, and social media shapes the brain.
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One of the simple things I think
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that social media does is it brings us back at least to a feeling on one level
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that we're having the connections that we evolved to have.
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It's a great question, you know, is social media replacing our relationships or is it adding to it?
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From a brain point of view, the difference between let's say email and social media versus face to face interaction is very interesting.
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So studies for example that have shown what it's like
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when you actually are with someone face to face where you have eye contact, you're sharing facial expressions, there's a tone The tone of voice you can hear,
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the posture of the person, the gestures, the timing of what they do, the intensity of what they respond with.
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Those seven signals, and those are eye contact, facial expression, tone of voice, posture, gestures, timing, intensity.
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If you memorize those, it's really useful because then you'll see what texting, what email, and what most social media actually is lacking.
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Now, when you look at what area of the brain both sends out those non-verbal signals
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and receives them and makes sense of them, it's the right hemisphere of the brain.
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And the right hemisphere of the brain is much more closely connected to the lower regions, so the higher right areas are connected to the lower regions of the brain
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and those lower regions work with the body itself to create our emotions, to give us the felt texture of lived life.
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So one deep concern that I have as a developmental theorist
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and a developmental clinician is is that the more and more people spend time not using non-verbal signals,
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and instead use mostly verbal ones, that is, text with language that has this linear way of being distributed,
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you're activating primarily your left hemisphere, which in the brain is much more distant from the lower areas that help mediate emotion with the body.
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And even autobiographical memory is dominant on the right side, so you're much more into just logistics.
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Even thinking about how people are gonna care about you
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or like you is a left brain thing
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which is fascinating it's called social display rules
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so from a hemisphere point of view what i'm deeply concerned about is
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if social media email texting are not actually getting people more face-to-face time with each other
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or getting them in touch with even what's going on inside
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of them then the new generation will be much more used to a very surface level of experiencing the world.
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So there's nothing inherently wrong with social media, but if it is replacing time for face-to-face,
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then that could be a big problem.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 C1 级别的口语课以视频“How Social Media Is Rewiring Our Brains”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：brain, hemisphere, lower, verbal, signals。 这段视频共有 40 个句子、638 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 4:05。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 156 个词，接近日常对话。 87% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 13 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| hemisphere 名词 | /ˈhɛmɪsfɪə/ | 半球 |
| verbal 形容词 | /ˈvɜː.bəl/ | 詞的 /词的 |
| fascinate 动词 | /ˈfæsɪneɪt/ | 誘惑 /诱惑, 迷住 |
| mediate 动词 | /ˈmidieɪt/ | 經調解達成 /经调解达成 |
| gesture 名词 | /ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃɚ/ | 手勢 /手势, 姿勢 /姿势 |
| clinician 名词 | /klɪˈnɪʃən/ | 臨床醫生 /临床医生 |
| memorize 动词 | /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/ | 記住 /记住, 熟記 /熟记 |
| theorist 名词 | /ˈθiːəɹəst/ | 理論家 /理论家 |
| inherently 副词 | /ɪnˈhɛɹəntli/ | 本质 |
| activate 动词 | /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/ | 激活 |
| distribute 动词 | /dɪˈstɹɪbjuːt/ | 分配 |
| logistics 名词 | /ləˈd͡ʒɪstɪks/ | 物流, 運籌 /运筹 |
| texture 名词 | /ˈtɛkst͡ʃə(ɹ)/ | 質地 /质地, 材質 /材质 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 8 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you're, we're, gonna。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- 长单词——注意重音位置: developmental /dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛntəl/, autobiographical /ˌɑtoʊˌbaɪəˈɡɹæfəkəl/, inherently /ɪnˈhɛɹəntli/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: verbal /ˈvɜː.bəl/, developmental /dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛntəl/, responsive /ɹɪˈspɑn.sɪv/, activate /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/, evolve /ɪˈvɑlv/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/, mediate /ˈmidieɪt/, memorize /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/, theorist /ˈθiːəɹəst/, responsive /ɹɪˈspɑn.sɪv/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: autobiographical /ˌɑtoʊˌbaɪəˈɡɹæfəkəl/, inherently /ɪnˈhɛɹəntli/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 hemisphere, verbal, fascinate 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。