跟读练习: To Tip or Skip? Consumers Say They’ve Had Enough - 通过视频学习英语口语
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78 句
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1
While Americans love to reward good service, many are having second thoughts about the barrage of tip requests on practically everything.
尽管美国人向来乐于为优质服务支付小费，但面对几乎所有消费场景都铺天盖地而来的打赏请求，许多人开始重新考虑这一习惯。
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It seems that tipping screen pops up in just about every sale.
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Are we tipping every single time that we go to a coffee shop?
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I have become so good at pressing that no tip button.
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I'm paying 50 bucks for two drinks at a Phillies game.
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I'm not tipping you.
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Shoppers are being nudged to tip when ordering a sandwich, a single cup of coffee, even for things like tires.
如今，消费者在点三明治、买一杯咖啡甚至购买轮胎等商品时，都会被提示打赏。
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I went to go get new tires on my truck
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and they literally had the screen turn around and had the audacity to say, would you like to tip?
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I said no. So it's tipping out of control.
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A little bit.
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Yeah.
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Although it's a custom that isn't going anywhere, people are pulling back on where, when and how much to tip.
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Restaurant technology platform PopMenu says 40% of consumers are tipping less this year than last year because of tipping fatigue,
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tighter budgets and rising prices with 3.4% inflation over the past year.
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If you go to an establishment and every other month the price for
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that same item or service goes up and you start to get fatigued there and you have to make up for that.
同一件商品或服务的价格上涨，你会开始感到疲惫，而你必须为此做出补偿。
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You can't just eat that all yourself.
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There is also the anxious, somewhat guilty feeling as you stare at the large tip screen that appears before the required customer signature.
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Do you feel like you're seeing like the tip screen more than you used to?
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Yeah, definitely within the last two years, I'm seeing a lot more like iPad.
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Would you like to tip?
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As people cut back on tips, some consider the cost of the item.
随着人们减少小费支出，一些人开始考虑商品本身的价格。
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When do you say no?
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When it's about like less than $20.
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For others, it's about the service.
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If it's somebody working in like a sandwich shop and they make me a nice sandwich, then I might lay them a tip.
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But if I'm just buying something like from a corner store, absolutely not.
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It's not always comfortable to hit no tip, especially when an employee is watching and waiting for the sale to be completed.
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Does it make you feel guilty not to give the tip?
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Sometimes, yeah.
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Pop menu says more than 56% of people don't typically tip at fast food spots and 44% don't tip for fast casual.
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But most are tipping at sit down restaurants, carry out counters and coffee shops.
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I think about the people that rely on tips as the primary source of income
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but also the more personalized I get for example your hair stylist or people
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that you see on a more frequent basis you start to develop a more personal relationship to me
那些你更常接触的事物，会让你逐渐对我产生更私人的情感联结。
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that is where I put the extra dollar.
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All right so
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if you do decide to tip is like 20% still the standard 15 to 20% you just heard
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that guy talk about
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if it's somebody you're going to see again somebody you have
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a relationship with you need to tip you want to tip for good service especially
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if it's something that's part of their pay
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and their salary a candy bar at the corner store i'm hitting no tip
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and i don't feel badly about it
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and we talked to a lot of men on the street
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and also a lot of experts who told us you don't have to feel guilty
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if you skip the tip if it's just a kiosk
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or just the screen the ipad screen in many cases it's
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just built into their payment software it's not maybe even necessarily
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that the company's asking you to tip it's just how that's
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been presented just hit note i wish i was curated a
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little bit better like business to business you know like
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so it's not in front of me you know that's not
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to be embarrassed you know i mean there's still our tip jars out there too
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and sometimes i feel like i'll put a few dollars in a tip jar
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because i feel like hey
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that person making my sandwich they're they're splitting it i can see who's going to get uh get
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that money but you can really tell from those pop menu numbers
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that people are they have inflation fatigue they have you know their budgets are stretched
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and they feel like they're being asked to tip for things
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they weren't asked to tip on a few years ago tires for example
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or just a pre-made sandwich you know behind the counter yeah why are you tipping for
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that they're already resentful they're paying eight dollars for coffee exactly
他们本来就已经在为一杯咖啡要付八块钱而感到不满了，真的是这样。
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like those airport stores you go get a bottle of water
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sporting events like you get a beer it's like 15 bucks yeah
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but to be clear and roker makes this point a lot like
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if you can afford to tip you should be tipping
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and what we don't want to see is depending on like
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swing back you remember during the pandemic we were all tipping for just about everything absolutely
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but i will say for restaurants and for hairstylists and things like
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that people are tipping people are still generous that has not changed pop man you said that most people are tipping,
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they're tipping well at a restaurant where they see your server and they see your server hustling.
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And that's important.
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All right.
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Christy, that was great.
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It was great.
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Thank you.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 78 个句子、916 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 4:33。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 201 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 85% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| tire 动词 | /ˈtaɪ̯ɚ/ | 勞累 /劳累, 累 |
| fatigue 名词 | /fəˈtiːɡ/ | 疲勞 /疲劳, 倦怠 |
| server 名词 | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | 服務器 /服务器, 伺服器 |
| menu 名词 | /ˈmɛn.juː/ | 菜單 /菜单 |
| inflation 名词 | /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/ | 通貨膨脹 /通货膨胀, 通脹 /通胀 |
| necessarily 副词 | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | 必然地, 必定地 |
| custom 名词 | /ˈkʌstəm/ | 習慣 /习惯, 習俗 /习俗 |
| establishment 名词 | /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ.mənt/ | 建立, 設立 /设立 |
| salary 名词 | /ˈsæləɹi/ | 薪金, 薪水 |
| stretch 动词 | /stɹɛt͡ʃ/ | 伸展, 拉 |
| swing 动词 | /ˈswɪŋ/ | 擺動 /摆动, 搖擺 /摇摆 |
| reward 名词 | /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ | 報酬 /报酬, 獎勵 /奖励 |
| candy 名词 | /ˈkæn.di/ | 糖果, 糖 |
| rely 动词 | /ɹɪˈlaɪ/ | 依賴 /依赖, 依靠 |
| frequent 形容词 | /ˈfɹiː.kwənt/ | 頻繁 /频繁 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| carry out 动词 | /ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/ | 進行 /进行 |
| go up 动词 | 上昇 /上升, 上去 | |
| sit down 动词 | 坐下, 坐 | |
| turn around 动词 | 轉身 /转身 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 22 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 they're, don't, I'm。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: inflation /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/, establishment /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ.mənt/, casual /ˈkæʒ(u)əl/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/, barrage /bəˈɹɑʒ/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, establishment /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ.mənt/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, audacity /ɔˈdæ.sɪ.ti/, personalize /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.laɪz/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 tire, fatigue, server 这类单词。
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | being nudged · be completed · been presented |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have become · has not changed |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。