跟读练习: WELDING DEFECTS!! Part 2 - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Hey everybody, welcome back to the lab.
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Today we're going to do episode two on welding discontinuities.
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Number one on the list is incomplete joint penetration.
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Some of you are all too familiar with that.
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You know who you are.
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Number two is weld spatter.
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That's spatter, not splatter.
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Splatter is something you do after a night of binge drinking draft beer and eating taco bell at four in the morning.
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And number three is excessive reinforcement.
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Honestly, I've got nothing.
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Okay, so what we've done here is we beveled the plates improperly intentionally.
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So as you can see, we have a 22 .5 degree, whereas I should have a 37 .5 degree plus
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or minus bevel angle for the plate if I was going to perform open root.
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And then we have a root face on here.
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Now typically when I do this, I would run 37 .5 degree on both plates.
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I would run 332 to 8 inch root opening, and then about a 16th of an inch land.
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So the land on this one's a bit excessive.
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It's roughly about 332 seconds of an inch.
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We have a 332nd root opening and then the 22 and a half degree bevel.
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So we got a mixed up pup right here.
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So hopefully we'll be able to get some incomplete joint penetration and show this to you guys.
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And I kind of want to stress this just for the simple fact that as a welder, you probably spend about 80 % of your time,
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your labor and prep work.
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The other 20 % is going to be welding.
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Okay.
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That's the most technical, but how do you expect to make chicken soup from chicken right you have to start off
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and set yourself up for success by doing the appropriate preparation okay
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so we're going to go ahead
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and tack this up i have a piece of 332nd tig rod
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i'm just going to bend this into a little horseshoe
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and stick that in there
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and that's going to help me keep my plate spacing right where i want
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it i'm going to start with this right side first get
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that tacked in and then we're going to verify the gap prior to welding the other side so
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So if I weld on one side, it's going to open up on the other.
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So I'll just tap this back together, re -verify it with the TIG filler wire before I tack that up.
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Now we're going to go ahead and throw this up in the stand.
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We'll go ahead and do some vertical.
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It's Friday.
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Why not?
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Okay, so first I'm going to light up on the tack down here.
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And I'm going to get that burnt in.
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And then I'm just going to start a little bit of whip and pause.
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Just advancing ahead and dropping back down.
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Now you'll notice I don't have as much punch as I should.
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And that's mostly because of the improper bevel angle and the excessive amount of land that I have on here.
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Typically, I would run a smaller land and a wider bevel.
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So you can see how the filler metal is kind of bunching up in the center of that joint.
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I'm probably not getting good penetration of the backside, although I can hear some faint penetration on the back.
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And we'll go ahead and terminate.
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Now, again, what we should do for the restart is feather this tack out, clean this joint out.
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but we're kind of trying to show you exactly what not to do
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and what happens if you don't do it correctly
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so we're gonna go ahead and skip feathering that out just know
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that you know if you do go to do a restart on open root
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or any anything for that nature you should go ahead
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and feather that tack back out
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so you can burn back into the back side of the plate
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but we're gonna be lazy today because we want to show you discontinuities
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and what's causing them so we'll go ahead and tie into this
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and we're just gonna keep our way
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or keep working our way up the joint trying to penetrate into the back side all right
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it's perfect we've got quite a few areas where i have incomplete joint penetration
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that's exactly what we're trying to replicate
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so as you can see in here the the weld just didn't wasn't able to punch through
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that material enough and that's basically because we squeezed it together too tight
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with that land now that's not to say i mean
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if you ran a 3 30 second gap yeah you could penetrate through there.
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Sometimes you're in the shop, you're out in the field, you know, things just aren't the way they are in a textbook.
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It's not the way it's in a classroom.
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You have to make adjustments.
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You could turn your arc force up a little bit higher.
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You could also increase your amperage.
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You could put a little bit more pressure on the rod and still burn to the backside.
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We're trying to show you through repetition and building good habits and things like that.
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All right, so that was incomplete joint penetration.
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Got another plate here.
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We already put the fill one off camera
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so I like to keep my fill
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this one here is about just flush with the plate some spots a little bit higher than the plate
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but typically what I like to do is keep my my fill pass the 16th below the weld surface
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if I can do that I can almost guarantee myself
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that I'll fall under that eighth inch cap
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that I want to put on here
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now I'm going to go just for the sake of time
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I'm going to put a wider pass on here than normal you can technically qualify
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that as a weave but I'm not going to,
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I'm just going to bounce from side to side and kind of take my time in the middle.
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This is exactly what you do not want to do.
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I'm trying to replicate a high crown in the middle of this weld so that we can show you excessive weld reinforcement.
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So I'm going to go slow through the center of this pass.
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Typically if you're doing this correctly you would hold the sides for about two seconds
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and then go fast to the middle because we're working out of position.
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The center of the weld is going to take care of itself due to gravity.
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So you just kind of bounce back and forth from side to side.
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We'll get all the way to the top.
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You'll notice also that there's not a runoff tab here.
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I'm expecting, or anticipating rather,
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some underfill in this section and maybe a little bit of weld metal to roll back on us once we get here,
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once we get closer to the top because there's nothing to support that weld.
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So what we are looking at right now is excessive weld reinforcement.
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So ultimately I wanted to be over an eighth of an inch and it looks like we're we're right there
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I'm about 5 30 seconds to 3 16ths in some areas.
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That's excessive reinforcement I don't want to be anything higher than an eighth inch
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That's why I like to say I like to work a little bit lower than an eighth of an inch
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That way i've got a little bit of a buffer in there.
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That is your excessive weld reinforcement
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You want to avoid that whether it is on the roof
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or whether it is on the surface or the cap of your plate
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Either way, you don't want to be above an eighth of an inch
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Once we get over 3 -8th plate, we start getting into like thicker material, one inch and above.
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There are different criteria.
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You are allowed to have different sizes of weld reinforcement.
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But more or less for D11 structural stuff, it's all going to be 3 -8th plate,
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1 -8th inch weld reinforcement on the cap or on the root.
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So, you know, always try to keep it under 1 -8th of an inch.
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All right, so next we have spatter, okay.
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Spatter's pretty common.
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A couple different ways you can get spatter, especially with the shielded metal arc welding, is the amperage.
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If it's set way too high for the electrode, if you exceed that current carrying capacity of that electrode,
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you're going to end up with a weld spatter.
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Additionally, too long of an arc length.
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If you're keeping excessive arc length, you're going to end up and get spattered that way as well.
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Traveling too slow can also cause excessive spatter on here, spatter in general.
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You want to try to minimize spatter.
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It doesn't look good.
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You can get called out for having a buckshot as it's
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more commonly referred to on the field on your on your weld piece you may be asked to grind all that
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that stuff off you know it's just
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it's not a good discontinuity to have on your material you want to try to alleviate
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that as much as possible
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so as far as arc length you know you want to you want to keep the same diameter
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or same arc length as the diameter of the electrode you're using
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so for instance i was using an eighth inch electrode
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i should maintain about an eighth inch of an arc gap for that electrode if I jump up to a 532nd.
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Same thing, I want to maintain a 532nd arc gap in there.
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Try to stay within the correct amperage range, go down nice slow steady travel speed, not too slow.
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You'll notice if you start getting too slow you're going to develop spatter.
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It's a good indication to speed up and then keep that arc length nice and consistent.
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You're also going to get spattered all over your material, your work table it's just more for you to clean up you know
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so try to pay attention to it if it's
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if you're developing spatter you know maybe stop check your adjustments check your polarity settings make sure
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you're not traveling too slow for what's going on
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and I mean that's pretty much it spatters relatively simple to get rid of
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so I don't want to spend too much time on
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that one we definitely appreciate the support and until next time make everyone better than your last
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Remember baby buggy bumpers?
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Hey guys welcome back to the shop.
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Yes!
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You said welcome back to the shop.
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Ladies and gentlemen welcome back to the shop.
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Arc strike.
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Arc strike.
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Scarelessness.
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Camera guy didn't have any fun making this video.
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I had some fun.
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We got to reference Pootie Tang.
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That was fun.
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Wadda ta sabote.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“WELDING DEFECTS!! Part 2”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：weld, inch, spatter, arc, plate。 这段视频共有 159 个句子、1796 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 8:31。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 211 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 82% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| excessive 形容词 | /ɪkˈsɛsɪv/ | 過度 /过度, 過分 /过分 |
| eighth 形容词 | /eɪtθ/ | 第八 |
| penetration 名词 | /pɛ.nəˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ | 滲透 /渗透 |
| incomplete 形容词 | /ɪn.kəmˈpliːt/ | 不完整的, 不完全的 |
| feather 名词 | /ˈfɛðə/ | 羽毛, 羽 |
| angle 名词 | /ˈæŋ.ɡəl/ | 角, 角度 |
| punch 名词 | /pʌnt͡ʃ/ | 拳打, 拳 |
| diameter 名词 | /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/ | 直徑 /直径 |
| adjustment 名词 | /əˈd͡ʒʌst.mənt/ | 調整 /调整 |
| verify 动词 | /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/ | 校驗 /校验, 驗證 /验证 |
| penetrate 动词 | /ˈpɛnɪtɹeɪt/ | 深入, 穿透 |
| consistent 形容词 | /kənˈsɪs.tənt/ | 一貫的 /一贯的 |
| thick 形容词 | /θɪk/ | ху, 厚 |
| refer 动词 | /ɹɪˈfɜː/ | 談到 /谈到 |
| guarantee 名词 | /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ | 保證 /保证 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| go ahead 动词 | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | 請便 /请便 |
| end up 动词 | 到达 | |
| go down 动词 | 下降, 下去 | |
| speed up 动词 | /spiːdˈʌp/ | 加速, 加快 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 65 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, we're, you're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: eighth /eɪtθ/, feather /ˈfɛðə/, thick /θɪk/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: penetration /pɛ.nəˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, preparation /ˌpɹɛpəˈɹeɪʃ(ə)n/, shield /ˈʃild/, structural /ˈstɹʌk(t͡)ʃəɹəl/, indication /ɪndɪˈkeɪʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: penetration /pɛ.nəˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, diameter /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/, preparation /ˌpɹɛpəˈɹeɪʃ(ə)n/, technically /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/, indication /ɪndɪˈkeɪʃən/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: excessive /ɪkˈsɛsɪv/, verify /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/, gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/, vertical /ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəl/, weave /wiːv/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: excessive /ɪkˈsɛsɪv/, eighth /eɪtθ/, incomplete /ɪn.kəmˈpliːt/, punch /pʌnt͡ʃ/, bounce /baʊns/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: correctly /kəˈɹɛk(t).li/, replicate /ˈɹɛplɪkeɪt/, roughly /ˈɹʌf.li/, structural /ˈstɹʌk(t͡)ʃəɹəl/, classroom /ˈklɑːsɹʊm/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 excessive, eighth, penetration 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。