تدريب Shadowing: Separating Solutions – Distillation - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
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This video is sponsored in part by Blue Ring Education, the makers of Next Generation Science, Metholia and Kids Health Net.
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One way we can separate a solution is through a process called distillation.
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Let's take a look at this process in action.
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Step 1.
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Set up the distillation apparatus.
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The typical distillation apparatus consists of a burner, a distillation flask containing the substance we want to distill,
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a thermometer, a condenser, a receiving flask, and some corks to connect the components.
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Step 2.
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Cool the condenser.
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Cool water is fed into and out of the condenser to keep it at a low temperature.
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This is essential for condensing the vapour back into a liquid.
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Step 3.
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Heat the substance.
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The burner is used to heat the substance we wish to distill in the distillation flask.
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As the temperature rises, keep an eye on the thermometer to monitor the boiling point of the substance.
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Step 4.
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Vaporisation As the substance is heated, it begins to evaporate and boil,
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causing vapour to rise from the liquid in the distillation flask.
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Step 5.
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Vapour enters the condenser The vapour passes through the neck of the distillation flask and enters the condenser.
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The condenser is kept cool by the circulating water, which causes the vapour to cool and condense back into a liquid.
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Step 6.
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Collection of the distillate The condensed liquid,
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known as the distillate, drips from the condenser into the receiving flask.
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This distillate is the purified substance that we aimed to separate from the mixture in the distillation flask.
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Step 7.
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Completion of distillation
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the distillation process continues until all of the desired substance has been vaporized
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and condensed into the receiving flask the substance remaining in the distillation flask
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which has a higher boiling point is called the residue
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or the still bottom by carefully controlling the temperature
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and collecting the distillate at the appropriate boiling point we can separate
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and purify the desired substance from a mixture using the distillation apparatus.
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This method is widely used for various purposes, such as purifying water, perfumery and the production of essential oils.
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