تدريب Shadowing: Why Do We Have More Boys Than Girls? - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

اختر وضع التدريب

كل وضع يفتح غرفة تدريب بملء الشاشة.

28 جمل
إذا كانت الجمل قصيرة أو طويلة جدًا، انقر على Edit لتعديلها.
1
Most parents-to-be assume that the sex of their child comes down to a flip of the chromosomal coin, with an equal chance of having a boy or a girl.
2
But in reality, the odds aren't even.
3
For every 100 girls born, the world gains about 106 baby boys.
4
Currently, that skewed sex ratio comes out to roughly 10 million more baby boys than girls born worldwide each year.
5
There are some countries where human meddling stacks the odds even higher in favor of boys, but that doesn't explain the fixed odds everywhere else.
6
The intrinsic boy-girl ratio is rigged by Mother Nature.
7
In fact, it's even more rigged than birth rates show.
8
Human conception results in about 150 male zygotes for every 100 females.
9
But there's a rather tragic reason for this big biological boy bias early on.
10
Male fetuses are much more likely to be miscarried or stillborn than female fetuses.
11
And boys that do make it out of the womb suffer more fatal diseases, take more mortal risks and fall prey to more violence than girls.
12
So by the time kids grow up and reach baby-making age, the ratio of males to females is just about one to one.
13
But the likelihood of a boy even making it to birth is also influenced by his mom's living conditions during pregnancy.
14
For example, when a massive famine struck China in the 1960s, the relative likelihood of having a son suddenly dropped, until the famine ended.
15
And male Americans born to billionaires seem to have higher than average odds of fathering sons.
16
Somehow, female biology suppresses boy survival in the womb during tough times and boosts it when times are good.
17
We've seen the same pattern in other mammals, too.
18
When resources are scarce, mothers give birth to fewer males than normal.
19
When resources are plentiful, they bear more.
20
The best explanation we have for this has to do with sex, the other kind.
21
In biological terms, the whole goal of copulation is to reproduce, to pass down your genes to someone who will someday pass them on again.
22
Female offspring are almost guaranteed to reproduce, famine or no famine, because male mammals are pretty much always willing to mate.
23
Males, on the other hand, have to compete for mating privileges.
24
A well-nurtured hunk has a good chance of mating with lots of females, while a male weakened by famine might not score at all.
25
So male offspring are a bigger risk in general.
26
At all stages, they're more likely to die.
27
And even if they live, they might not reproduce.
28
But when times are good, boys' potential to father lots and lots of babies make them a biological risk worth taking.

تنزيل التطبيق

كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة

تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
تدريب IPAأتقن كل صوت
المفرداتابنِ رصيدك من الكلمات
لعبة المفرداتتعلّم أثناء اللعب
امسح رمز QR
امسح رمز QR
Download on theApp StoreGet it onGoogle Play

نفس القناة

Why Haven't We Domesticated Monkeys?B2
1

Why Haven't We Domesticated Monkeys?

Daily ConversationWorking Adults
Why Do India And China Have So Many People?B2
14

Why Do India And China Have So Many People?

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
The Heaviest Part of a Forest Is NOT What You ThinkB2
9

The Heaviest Part of a Forest Is NOT What You Think

Daily ConversationWorking Adults
Four Places We Might Find AliensC1
2

Four Places We Might Find Aliens

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
Where Did Earth's Water Come From?B2
4

Where Did Earth's Water Come From?

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why We Faint (When Other Animals Don't)B2
2

Why We Faint (When Other Animals Don't)

TOEFL PrepUniversity Students
How To Kill A VolcanoC1
3

How To Kill A Volcano

University StudentsWorking Adults
Three Specific Ways AI Could Kill Us AllC1
3

Three Specific Ways AI Could Kill Us All

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why Don't Blue Whales Eat Fish?C1
12

Why Don't Blue Whales Eat Fish?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Why is it Hot Underground?C1
68

Why is it Hot Underground?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
MinuteEarth Explains: Cats vs DogsC1
2

MinuteEarth Explains: Cats vs Dogs

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why Don't Snakes Poison Themselves?C1
3

Why Don't Snakes Poison Themselves?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
The Best Dragon (According to Science)C1
6

The Best Dragon (According to Science)

University StudentsWorking Adults
Why Do Rivers Curve?C1
3

Why Do Rivers Curve?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
How High Can Birds Fly?C1
9

How High Can Birds Fly?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
MinuteEarth Explains: MicrobesB2

MinuteEarth Explains: Microbes

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Why Don't Our Bones Keep Growing Forever?B2

Why Don't Our Bones Keep Growing Forever?

TOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Could This Thing *Really* Fly?B2

Could This Thing *Really* Fly?

University Students
There’s Really Only One Way To DieC1

There’s Really Only One Way To Die

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
You've Been Misled About The Water CycleB2

You've Been Misled About The Water Cycle

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU

فيديو موصى به

Is success genetic? | Kathryn Paige HardenC1
3
42 جمل

Is success genetic? | Kathryn Paige Harden

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
Queen Ant Clones Another SpeciesC1
17
14 جمل

Queen Ant Clones Another Species

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
The Menstrual Cycle Explained: A Guide to the 4 Phases & HormonesB2
2
15 جمل

The Menstrual Cycle Explained: A Guide to the 4 Phases & Hormones

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why Babies NEED to Sleep Next to You (Science Explained)B2
6
183 جمل

Why Babies NEED to Sleep Next to You (Science Explained)

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why women’s clothing sizes don’t make senseB2
2
46 جمل

Why women’s clothing sizes don’t make sense

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why did white men conquer the world?C1
291 جمل

Why did white men conquer the world?

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Crash Course Sex Ed PreviewB2
10
33 جمل

Crash Course Sex Ed Preview

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why Pandas Are Impressively Bad at ExistingB2
1
226 جمل

Why Pandas Are Impressively Bad at Existing

IELTS PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
The World’s Most Average PersonB2
7
12 جمل

The World’s Most Average Person

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Father unknown? Life as a sperm donor's child | DW DocumentaryB2
7
129 جمل

Father unknown? Life as a sperm donor's child | DW Documentary

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Feminist vs Anti Feminist Women | PART 1B2
4
849 جمل

Feminist vs Anti Feminist Women | PART 1

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults

المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 28 جملة و452 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 2:27. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة، نحو 184 كلمة في الدقيقة، لذا ستسمع كثيرًا من وصل الكلمات واختزال الأصوات. 78% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمةالنطقالمعنى
famine اسم/ˈfæm.ɪn/مَجَاعَة
ratio اسم/ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/نِسْبَة
biological صفة/ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/بِيُولُوجِيّ, أَحْيَائِي
resource اسم/ɹɪˈzɔːs/مَوْرِد
offspring اسم/ˈɔfspɹɪŋ/ذُرِّيَّة, وَلَد
womb اسم/wuːm/رَحِم, بَيْت الْوَلِد
fetus اسم/ˈfiːtəs/جَنِين
relative اسم/ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/قَرِيب, قَرِيبَة
suffer فعل/ˈsʌfɚ/تَأَلَّمَ, عَانَى
explanation اسم/ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/تَفْسِير, شَرْح
guarantee اسم/ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ضَمَان, ضَمَانَة
compete فعل/kəmˈpiːt/تَنَافَسَ, تَبَارَى
gene اسم/d͡ʒiːn/مُوَرِّثَة, جِين
pregnancy اسم/ˈpɹɛɡnənsi/حَمْل
fewer/ˈfjuː.ɚ/أَقَلّ

الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها

الكلمةالمعنى
grow up فعلكَبُرَ, ْنَشَأ

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 4 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل aren't, doesn't, they're. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: ratio /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, conception /kənˈsɛpʃən/, copulation /kɒp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, biology /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, chromosomal /ˌkɹoʊməˈsoʊməl/, copulation /kɒp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل famine, ratio, biological.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →