Pratica di Shadowing: Why Do We Have More Boys Than Girls? - Impara a parlare inglese con i video

Scegli una modalità di pratica

Ogni modalità apre una sala di pratica a schermo intero.

28 frasi
Se le frasi sono troppo corte o troppo lunghe, clicca su Edit per modificarle.
1
Most parents-to-be assume that the sex of their child comes down to a flip of the chromosomal coin, with an equal chance of having a boy or a girl.
2
But in reality, the odds aren't even.
3
For every 100 girls born, the world gains about 106 baby boys.
4
Currently, that skewed sex ratio comes out to roughly 10 million more baby boys than girls born worldwide each year.
5
There are some countries where human meddling stacks the odds even higher in favor of boys, but that doesn't explain the fixed odds everywhere else.
6
The intrinsic boy-girl ratio is rigged by Mother Nature.
7
In fact, it's even more rigged than birth rates show.
8
Human conception results in about 150 male zygotes for every 100 females.
9
But there's a rather tragic reason for this big biological boy bias early on.
10
Male fetuses are much more likely to be miscarried or stillborn than female fetuses.
11
And boys that do make it out of the womb suffer more fatal diseases, take more mortal risks and fall prey to more violence than girls.
12
So by the time kids grow up and reach baby-making age, the ratio of males to females is just about one to one.
13
But the likelihood of a boy even making it to birth is also influenced by his mom's living conditions during pregnancy.
14
For example, when a massive famine struck China in the 1960s, the relative likelihood of having a son suddenly dropped, until the famine ended.
15
And male Americans born to billionaires seem to have higher than average odds of fathering sons.
16
Somehow, female biology suppresses boy survival in the womb during tough times and boosts it when times are good.
17
We've seen the same pattern in other mammals, too.
18
When resources are scarce, mothers give birth to fewer males than normal.
19
When resources are plentiful, they bear more.
20
The best explanation we have for this has to do with sex, the other kind.
21
In biological terms, the whole goal of copulation is to reproduce, to pass down your genes to someone who will someday pass them on again.
22
Female offspring are almost guaranteed to reproduce, famine or no famine, because male mammals are pretty much always willing to mate.
23
Males, on the other hand, have to compete for mating privileges.
24
A well-nurtured hunk has a good chance of mating with lots of females, while a male weakened by famine might not score at all.
25
So male offspring are a bigger risk in general.
26
At all stages, they're more likely to die.
27
And even if they live, they might not reproduce.
28
But when times are good, boys' potential to father lots and lots of babies make them a biological risk worth taking.

Scarica l'app

Tutto ciò che serve per parlare fluentemente

Pronuncia con IAVoto per ogni frase
Pratica IPAPadroneggia ogni suono
VocabolarioCostruisci il tuo lessico
Gioco di vocabolarioImpara giocando
Scansiona QR
Scansiona QR
Download on theApp StoreGet it onGoogle Play

Stesso Canale

Why Haven't We Domesticated Monkeys?B2
1

Why Haven't We Domesticated Monkeys?

Daily ConversationWorking Adults
Why Do India And China Have So Many People?B2
14

Why Do India And China Have So Many People?

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
The Heaviest Part of a Forest Is NOT What You ThinkB2
9

The Heaviest Part of a Forest Is NOT What You Think

Daily ConversationWorking Adults
Four Places We Might Find AliensC1
2

Four Places We Might Find Aliens

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
Where Did Earth's Water Come From?B2
4

Where Did Earth's Water Come From?

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why We Faint (When Other Animals Don't)B2
2

Why We Faint (When Other Animals Don't)

TOEFL PrepUniversity Students
How To Kill A VolcanoC1
3

How To Kill A Volcano

University StudentsWorking Adults
Three Specific Ways AI Could Kill Us AllC1
3

Three Specific Ways AI Could Kill Us All

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why Don't Blue Whales Eat Fish?C1
13

Why Don't Blue Whales Eat Fish?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Why is it Hot Underground?C1
68

Why is it Hot Underground?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
MinuteEarth Explains: Cats vs DogsC1
2

MinuteEarth Explains: Cats vs Dogs

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why Don't Snakes Poison Themselves?C1
3

Why Don't Snakes Poison Themselves?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
The Best Dragon (According to Science)C1
6

The Best Dragon (According to Science)

University StudentsWorking Adults
Why Do Rivers Curve?C1
3

Why Do Rivers Curve?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
How High Can Birds Fly?C1
9

How High Can Birds Fly?

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
MinuteEarth Explains: MicrobesB2

MinuteEarth Explains: Microbes

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Why Don't Our Bones Keep Growing Forever?B2

Why Don't Our Bones Keep Growing Forever?

TOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Could This Thing *Really* Fly?B2

Could This Thing *Really* Fly?

University Students
There’s Really Only One Way To DieC1

There’s Really Only One Way To Die

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
You've Been Misled About The Water CycleB2

You've Been Misled About The Water Cycle

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU

Video consigliato

Why sex, food, and shelter aren’t enough for Homo Sapiens | Agustín FuentesC1
3
77 frasi

Why sex, food, and shelter aren’t enough for Homo Sapiens | Agustín Fuentes

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
RE2 Unit 9BC1
2
32 frasi

RE2 Unit 9B

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
Queen Ant Clones Another SpeciesC1
17
14 frasi

Queen Ant Clones Another Species

Daily ConversationUniversity Students
The Menstrual Cycle Explained: A Guide to the 4 Phases & HormonesB2
2
15 frasi

The Menstrual Cycle Explained: A Guide to the 4 Phases & Hormones

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why women’s clothing sizes don’t make senseB2
2
46 frasi

Why women’s clothing sizes don’t make sense

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Social mobility and education: DISCUSSION - BBC NewsnightB2
1
85 frasi

Social mobility and education: DISCUSSION - BBC Newsnight

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Why The Entire Ocean Is Terrified of Sperm WhalesB2
1
172 frasi

Why The Entire Ocean Is Terrified of Sperm Whales

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Crash Course Sex Ed PreviewB2
10
33 frasi

Crash Course Sex Ed Preview

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
4 Minutes English Listening Podcast | Level B2 | Why Do People Believe in Luck?B2
4
43 frasi

4 Minutes English Listening Podcast | Level B2 | Why Do People Believe in Luck?

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
The World’s Most Average PersonB2
7
12 frasi

The World’s Most Average Person

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Father unknown? Life as a sperm donor's child | DW DocumentaryB2
7
129 frasi

Father unknown? Life as a sperm donor's child | DW Documentary

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults

Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione

Questo video contiene 28 frasi e 452 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 2:27. Chi parla va veloce, circa 184 parole al minuto: aspettati suoni legati e ridotti. Solo il 78% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è impegnativo.

Vocaboli chiave di questo video

15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:

ParolaPronunciaSignificato
famine sostantivo/ˈfæm.ɪn/carestia
odd aggettivo/ɑd/strano, strambo
ratio sostantivo/ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/ragione, rapporto
biological aggettivo/ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/biologico
reproduce verbo/ˌɹi.pɹəˈdus/riprodurre
resource sostantivo/ɹɪˈzɔːs/risorsa
likelihood sostantivo/ˈlaɪklihʊd/verosimiglianza, verisimiglianza
rig sostantivo/ɹɪɡ/apparecchiatura, attrezzatura
offspring sostantivo/ˈɔfspɹɪŋ/discendenti, prole
womb sostantivo/wuːm/utero, grembo
fetus sostantivo/ˈfiːtəs/feto
relative sostantivo/ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/parente, congiunto
suffer verbo/ˈsʌfɚ/soffrire, penare
explanation sostantivo/ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/spiegazione, esplicazione
guarantee sostantivo/ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/garanzia

I phrasal verb che sentirai

ParolaSignificato
grow up verbocrescere
pass down verbopassare

Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione

Chi parla usa 4 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come aren't, doesn't, they're. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.

  • I suoni “sh” e “zh”: ratio /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, conception /kənˈsɛpʃən/, copulation /kɒp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/
  • Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, biology /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, chromosomal /ˌkɹoʊməˈsoʊməl/, copulation /kɒp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/

Come esercitarsi con questo video

  1. Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
  2. Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
  3. Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come famine, odd, ratio.

Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?

Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.

Tecnica dello shadowing: leggi la guida completa passo dopo passo →