Shadowing Practice: Lecture 12: Retina, Part 2: Retinal vascular occlusions - Learn English Speaking with Video
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I'm going to show you what I'm going to do with you in the second part of our program.
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It's one of the most important things that we have in the basic knowledge course.
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I'm going to show you what I'm going to do with you.
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If you're listening to the first one, you'll be listening to it.
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The first one is really important.
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It's the introduction.
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We're going to show you what we're going to talk about.
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We're going to show you what we're going to talk about.
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We're going to show you what we're going to talk about.
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We're going to show you what we're going to talk about.
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The first thing is that the main artery is that the main artery is occluded.
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What can it be in the artery?
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What can it be in the artery?
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What can it be in the artery?
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This is the most common cause.
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The artery is a lot of different from it.
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which can become thrombus in the vein, and can become something in the Aorta,
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Aortic Coarchitation, Aortic Thrombus, or aortic disease,
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diseases in the internal jugular and the things that they can get
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and go to the central retinal artery
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and get slowed in a lot of times there is a thing called There is something called Fyprenolytic Enzymes,
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which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes,
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which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes,
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which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes,
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which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which is called Fyprenolytic Enzymes, which pressure, for example, the Orbitacillulitis,
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or Retrobulbar hemorrhage, if it's too low, it can also be basculitis.
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This is the common etiologist, but it's of course, the Impulite.
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So, what do you think?
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What do you think?
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This is the center of the artery, which is the center of the artery, which is suddenly occluded with the eye.
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What do you think?
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What do you think?
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As you can see, sudden loss of vision.
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Suddenly.
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When we talk about sudden loss of vision, we have to know the reasons.
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The reason for sudden loss of vision is 4 things.
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Central retinal arthroclusion.
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Amorosis phygex.
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What is this amorosis phygex?
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This is acute or recurrent ischemic attacks of loss of vision.
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It is important, but the important thing is to resolve,
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so you can do attacks of loss of vision and then you can do it with central artery occlusion.
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Amorosis phygox is something, central artery occlusion is something else.
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The third thing is trauma with lesion of optic nerve or transaction of optic nerve.
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This is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing,
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which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing,
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which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing,
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which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing, which is the 4th thing.
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If you have any questions, you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question,
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and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question,
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and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question,
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and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question,
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and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question,
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and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question,
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and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question,
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and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question, and you can answer your question,
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and Central Island Division Of course, we all have to say that
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The temporal island division
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Is it who is?
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It's the one who has it
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And I can't say it Tubular vision
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No, it's not constructional vision
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Because this island
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It's not a form of tube
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It's not a central vision
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It's a temporal vision
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It's a temporal vision
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It's a temporal area
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This is for example.
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For example signs, the first thing is related referring to pillar defect which is R .A .B .D.
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Related to pillar defect related to pillar defect which is So the afferent doesn't work well,
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the afferent doesn't work well, but the afferent doesn't work well.
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This means that the brain will react consensually, but not directly.
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How is it?
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The afferent will happen with any type of afferent.
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Like the optic neuropathy or the optic atrophy.
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Like the retinal detachment and central retinal arthroclusion.
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That's why you are able to get the impulse to the brain from the brain
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When you put light on the eye that is affected, you can find it
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What is it?
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It's not a construction or a construction
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It's a construction
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When you put light on the eye
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It's a construction
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It's a construction
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It's a construction
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When you put light on the eye that is affected
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When you put light on the eye
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It's a dilate because from the contentual constriction which is strong
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to the direct constriction which is weak so you can see
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that it is not dilate this is the relative effect of the effect of the effect of the market
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and the way that I detect the market is called swinging flash light reflex
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when you put light on your eyes
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and then you put it on your eyes again
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and then you put it on your eyes again and then you put it on your eyes again
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So what do we call?
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Relative Aferent Propeller Defecta Or we call it Marcos Gun Bupilum This is a sign that is very important
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For example, this is the malingering
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From the actual Lesion or brain occlusion
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The sign that we call Retinal Whitening and Placification You can see the retina
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You can see it
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It's not bad, it's not bad and this is why this is
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because of the redema which will happen in the center of the urtocleus the redema ischemia
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and swelling and edema so the edema and swelling of the fetishus is a little bit on the .
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Fobia is not supplied by the retina,
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because it's not supplied by the retina, because it's not supplied by the retina, because it's not supplied by the retina,
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because it's not supplied by the retina, because it's not supplied by the retina, because it's not supplied by the retina,
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because it's not supplied by the retina, because it's and it becomes affected by the rhythm and whitening and low -passification.
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But the phobia is not working.
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Why?
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Because the connection of the phobia, the nerve fibers and the ganglion cells are in the macula, which is affected.
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The nerve fiber layer which is working and is affected.
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So that's why it is not working.
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But the pan clinical in the rhythm is that it is
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so we can put
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it in the middle of the heart of the heart of
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the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart
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of the heart of the heart of the heart of the
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heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of
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the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart
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of the heart of the heart of the heart of the
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heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of
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the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart
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of the heart of the heart of the heart of the
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heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of
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the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart
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of the heart of the heart of the heart of the
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heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of
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the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart
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of the heart of the heart of the heart of the
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heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of
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the heart of the heart of the heart of the heart
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of the heart of the heart of the heart of the
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heart of the heart of the heart of the heart of
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the heart of the heart of the heart of the consecutive optic atrophy.
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what is it?
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central retinal artery occlusion like we said, there is a cellurethinal artery there is a cellurethinal artery
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and there is a cellurethinal artery and there is a cellurethinal artery
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and there is a cellurethinal artery
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and there is a cellurethinal artery central retinal artery occlusion is retained by cellurethinal artery even
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when you are using a cellurethinal artery your written and arty.
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and she worked well.
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management is what? what is the first thing is management is
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that it is that it is that the time is that the treatment must be initiated within the first 60 minutes.
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I would say that it is to 90 minutes.
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If you think about that, it is reversible changes, so the nerve will not be back again.
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or the retina will not be back again.
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to be treated, so that the prognosis is always not good.
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Why?
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Because it's hard to get to the management or to the doctor through this hour.
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If it's hard to get to the doctor through this hour.
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If it's hard to get diagnosed and treated through this hour.
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What is the treatment?
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The first thing is to do a sudden decrease in the IOP
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It's a high level of the IOP Some people can do paracenthesis
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We can do paracenthesis
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We can do paracenthesis Paracenthesis is sudden drop of IOP Or, for example, with carbon canadese inhibitors
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We can give them a little bit
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The second thing is carbon dioxide or amyl nitrate inhalation
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when you say to press in a bag it's in a bag it's in a bag it's in a bag or
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retropalber acetylcholine what are the things that you can do?
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what are the goals that you can do?
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what are the goals of carbon dioxide? what are the goals of retropalber acetylcholine?
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All of these things are called vasodilatation of retinal viscals, or disloach the M plus in peripheral arterioles.
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One is asking the question, do not use vasodilators, intravenous vasodilators.
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No, the systemic vasodilators are called central vasodilatation peripheral vasoconstriction.
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Central vasodilatation is in the heart, brain and organs.
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In this case, if you want to use the vasodilators,
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you need to use the vasodilators for the vasodilators
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and you need to use the vasodilators for the vasodilators
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and you need to use the vasodilators for the vasodilators
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and you need to use the vasodilators for the vasodilators for the vasodilators
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and you need to use the vasodilators for the vasodilators for the vasodilators and they are not commonly used to use
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In addition to the medical workup, the brain must be used to be used to be used
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to be used to be used to be used to be
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used to be used to be used to be used to
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be used to be used to be used to be used
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to be used to be used to be used to be
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used to be used to be used to be used to
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be used to be used to be used to be used
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to be used to be used to be used to be
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used to be used to be used to be used to
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be used to be used to be used to be used
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to be used to be used to be used to be
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used to be used to be used to be used to
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be used to be used to be used to be used
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to be used to be used to be used to be
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used to be used to be used to be used to
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be used to be used to be used to be used
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to be used to be used to be used to be
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used to be used to be used to be used to
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be used to be used to be used to be used to be used to be used
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so they don't have any problems in the same way, either in the same way or in the same way.
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The other thing is the branch written artery occlusion is the same thing, but localized to the affected branch.
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For example, this branch inferior temporal branch is the occluded, and it shows the thrombus inside the artery.
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Here it is, so the branch is supplied by the artery is, what happens? what do you think?
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what do you think? what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think?
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what do you think? what do you think? what do you think?
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what do you think? what do you think? what do you think? effected in the field.
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Okay, I'm with it.
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And with it, we're with it, and with it, we're with it.
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And with it, we're with it.
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Like this in the video.
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Okay.
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This is what I'm going to do.
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What is it?
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I'm not going to be able to do something.
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I'm going to do it.
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I'm going to do it.
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So in this situation, I'm going to do it.
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Just medical workup.
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Cardiovascular workup, and in the next few weeks, we will be able to find it.
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Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis
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Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis
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Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Celiuretinal Arthritis Loss of Temporal Island of Vision Supplied by Silly Rhetinal Artery
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Loss of Temporal Island of Vision Supplied by Silly Rhetinal Artery Loss of Vision Supplied by Silly Rhetinal Artery
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and also medical work -up for diagnosis and treatment of the cause okay?
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okay, then central retinal vein occlusion
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we ended up with the arthritis and we had a little bit about central retinal vein occlusion central retinal vein occlusion
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ischemic central retinal vein occlusion and non -schemic
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ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic ischemic type in oil ischemic the most common
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It's about 80 % of the and it's about 80 % of the
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and it's about 80 % of the and it's about 80 % of the
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and it's about 80 % of the and it's about 80 % of the
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and it's about 80 % of the and it's about 80 % of the
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and it's about 80 % of the and it's about 80 % of the
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and it's about 80 % of the
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and it's about 80 % of the
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and it's about 80 % of the What is science actually?
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Non -ischemic type.
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You'll find in it dilated tortuous veins, and the retinal hemorrhages, and the retinal hemorrhages,
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and the retinal hemorrhages, and the retinal edema and disc edema.
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Aschemic type, you will find extensive retinal hemorrhage, markedly dilated tortuous engorged blood vessels,
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you will find soft exits,
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cotton wall spots, which is inforction for retina,
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which is ischemia, areas of drop out, fluorescein drop out, fluorescein angiography, which is ischemia for retina.
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It can also be associated with complications, like we said, so it can be macular edema,
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or focal or diffuse, or spongiform or cystic, or cystic, or cystoid macular edema.
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Also, with the ischemia, the ischemic retina will show vascular formative substances, such as vascular insular gross factor, which is called new vessels,
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, , , so they call it 100 day glucoma,
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usually after the onset of ischemia and ischemic brain occlusion by 3 -4 hours, so they call it 100 day glucoma.
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This is a very important question, what is 100 day glucoma?
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This is what is 100 day glucoma?
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This is about the glucoma that happens after ischemic center or ischemic brain occlusion to anivascular glucoma, which happens after 3 -4 hours.
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Okay?
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There is a difference between the ischemic and non -ischemic center related to the venoclusion.
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What is the venoclusion?
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Medical work up for diagnosis and treatment of the course. And just.
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It can also be associated with the associated signs.
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For example, if there is a macular edema, then I can provide it.
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What is the macular edema?
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What is the macular edema?
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It is either laser or intravetrial injections.
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Okay, if there is a new vasculation, I can also provide it.
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عليها زي.
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يا اما اللي هو.
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طب البرانش نفس الكلام بس فهتلاقي مسلا
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هنا هتلاقي حوالينه وهتلاقي اه في هتلاقي اه في You can also use macular edema
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or macular branch, you can also use macular edema.
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The other thing, you can use new vessels in this place
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or new vessels on the desk or new vessels elsewhere or new vessels on the iris, and you can also use .
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But of course, less common than central retinal vein.
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What is also related to medical workup and treatment symptoms?
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injection.
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لو العيان عنده اعمل لها برضو.
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خلاص.
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اه في حاجة برضو مفتلح برضو ممكن تسمع عنه اللي هو
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الهيمي ريتنا ده لما يبقى الاثنين فينز الانفيريور او الاثنين فينز
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السوفيريور هما الاثنين فينز السوفيريور بس يبقى سوفيريور هيمي ريتنا فين اوكليوجن الاثنين فينز برانشات سوفيريور بيبقى افكتد يبقى inferior hemifinal occlusion.
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وده لان اوقات كتير بيبقى فينز السبيريور بيقابلوا بعض الاول قبل
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ما يوصلوا بالcentral retinal vein والانفيريور بيقابلوا بعض الاول في اه اه برانش كده او تربيتري هي اللي بتوصل بالcentral retinal vein.
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خلاص?
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برضو هتبقى اه نفس بس في الاريا affected by occluded muscle.
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بكده يبقى خلصنا الكلام عن the vascular occlusions, the part that we will talk about is the retinobuses, let's see you with me.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “Lecture 12: Retina, Part 2: Retinal vascular occlusions”. Las palabras que más se repiten: answer, artery, ischemic, arthritis, Celiuretinal. Este vídeo tiene 278 frases y 2989 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 19:42. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 152 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. Solo el 81 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente. 54 de sus 278 frases son preguntas, así que sirve para practicar la entonación de las preguntas y las respuestas cortas.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| artery sustantivo | /ˈɑɹ.təɹ.i/ | arteria |
| arthritis sustantivo | /ɑːˈθɹ(a)ɪtɪs/ | artritis |
| vein sustantivo | /veɪn/ | vena |
| temporal adjetivo | /ˈtɛm.pə.ɹəl/ | temporal |
| vessel sustantivo | /ˈvɛsəl/ | embarcación, barco |
| sudden adjetivo | /ˈsʌd.ən/ | repentino, súbito |
| nerve sustantivo | /nɝv/ | nervio |
| optic adjetivo | /ˈɑp.tɪk/ | óptico |
| associate sustantivo | /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/ | asociado |
| defect sustantivo | /ˈdiːfɛkt/ | falla, tacha |
| pillar sustantivo | /ˈpɪlɚ/ | pilar |
| vascular adjetivo | /ˈvæskjələ/ | vascular |
| relative sustantivo | /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ | familiar, pariente |
| diagnosis sustantivo | /daɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs/ | diagnóstico, diagnosis |
| rhythm sustantivo | /ˈɹɪð.əm/ | ritmo |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| drop out verbo | marginarse |
Frases que vale la pena repetir
Frases cortas y completas del vídeo que puedes reutilizar en la conversación diaria:
- What do you think?
- This is what I'm going to do.
- I'm not going to be able to do something.
- I'm going to do it.
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| “Used to” used to + verbo — un hábito o estado pasado que ya no es cierto | used to be |
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | is occluded · is called · is affected |
| Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa | Enzymes, which is · artery, which is · thing, which is |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 29 contracciones y formas reducidas, como we're, I'm, doesn't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “th”: arthritis /ɑːˈθɹ(a)ɪtɪs/, rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/, thrombus /ˈθrɑmbəs/, neuropathy /ˌnjuːˈrɒ.pə.θiː/
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, injection /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/, flash /flæʃ/, transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/, initiate /ɪˈnɪʃ.i.eɪt/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: arthritis /ɑːˈθɹ(a)ɪtɪs/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, inferior /ɪnˈfɪɹ.i.ɚ/, peripheral /pəˈɹɪf(ə)ɹ(ə)l/, consecutive /kənˈsɛkjʊtɪv/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: swell /swɛl/, swing /ˈswɪŋ/
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: vein /veɪn/, vessel /ˈvɛsəl/, nerve /nɝv/, vascular /ˈvæskjələ/, relative /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: exit /ˈɛɡzət/, transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/, laser /ˈleɪzɚ/, resolve /ɹɪˈzɑlv/, diffuse /dɪˈfjuz/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como artery, arthritis, vein.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.