Shadowing Practice: The worst week in cybersecurity history... so far - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Last week, while you were busy researching how to buy emergency rice and beans in bulk,
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a group of guys who technically aren't supposed to have internet access pulled off the largest theft in human history.
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A code editor owned by a rocket company spent 11 hours letting anyone SSH into your laptop,
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a prediction market got robbed in the middle of investigating its own customers for treason, and Anthropic showed that an unreleased
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Cloud model could get root on any unpatched
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Linux server just by sending it TCP packets.
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In today's video, we'll break down just another Thursday in this godforsaken hellhole we're trapped in.
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It is November 3rd, 2026, and we're watching the Code Report.
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You know, I would love nothing more than to just talk about the latest JavaScript framework, but here we are again.
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This time, it started last Thursday in the middle of the night when Cursor shipped a new official CloudCode extension.
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Unfortunately, they shipped it without actually knowing they shipped it.
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The extension would scan your machine for any keys or tokens it could find,
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and then set up a backdoor for attackers to come in later and steal them.
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It was only up for about 11 hours, but that was still long enough for around 5 ,000 people to install it.
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Thankfully, the backdoor required admin rights, which most people don't give to their text editor, so the blast radius was pretty limited.
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Meanwhile, around that same time, users on Polymarket started noticing that their funds were being drained simply by logging into the website.
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Now, this isn't that unusual for Polymarket users, but what was unusual was this time it wasn't their fault.
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It turns out a script from a company called DebugBear
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that Polymarket uses for performance monitoring was hijacked to sell all
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your current positions before wiring the proceeds to a hard -coded wallet.
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The hackers ended up getting over $2 million worth of funds before Polymarket pulled the script, which seems like a lot until you realize
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it's just a small price to pay on the road to destroying the lives of millions of young men across the world.
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Thankfully for Polymarket, the news didn't last long because just a few hours later,
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people started noticing something was up with Binance and it was way worse.
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In about 20 minutes, $6 .3 billion with a B worth of crypto across 10 different blockchains left Binance's hot wallets,
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which makes this the biggest theft in recorded history.
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According to Binance, a DevOps laptop was compromised, which allowed the attackers to submit withdrawal requests, then Binance's own system signed them.
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The next day, the FBI came out and said they believed that the North Korean group
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Trader Trader was behind the attack which was the same group that stole 1 .5 billion from Bybit last year.
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The good news is that if you had money on Binance is
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that it stopped being your problem pretty quickly since crypto isn't actually decentralized.
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Tether and Circle froze about $3 billion of the stolen stablecoins within an hour,
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and then Binance froze all withdrawals and spent the weekend refilling its wallets out of its own treasury and insurance funds.
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By Sunday, withdrawals were back on, and yesterday they posted proof of reserves showing everyone's balance was fully backed again,
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to which the users responded by kindly withdrawing $3 .6 billion from Binance anyway.
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And that wasn't even the worst part of the week.
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Back in early October, a Linux kernel maintainer named Eric Dumizet pushed a simple two -line fix
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that delayed freeing some memory until the kernel is sure nothing is still reading it.
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At the time, it didn't seem like a big deal
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and nobody really paid attention to it until a few weeks later
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when it got a 9 .8 out of 10 on the CVSS scale, which is the industry's way of ranking how bad a security bug is.
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It turns out that since 2016, every Linux kernel has had a bug in the code that handles new TCP connections.
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The way it works is every connection starts with the client sending a hello packet and the server sending one back.
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Normally, that first packet is pretty uninteresting, but you're allowed to attach a few extra options to it
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if you want the kernel to save those so it can use them when it builds its reply.
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The problem is that if the client sends the same hello twice at just the right moment,
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the two parts of the kernel end up working on the same connection at once,
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and one of them can free that saved memory while the other one is still reading it.
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So the server ends up building its reply out of memory that's already been freed,
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which means whatever else got written there in the meantime ends up in the reply, and if an attacker controls what that is,
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they can control what the kernel does next.
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Now getting that timing right is pretty tricky, which is why
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Red Hat initially rated it as a moderate 5 .9, and figured the worst case scenario was that the kernel would just crash,
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because if the exploit only works in one in a million tries,
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it's basically safe as long as the person trying it gets bored and runs out of money.
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The problem is that world no longer exists, which is exactly what Anthropic proved on October 27th
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when its red team published a post saying they handed the bug to an unreleased Claude model, and in about 48 minutes,
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the model had hit the timing enough times to get the server to leak a kernel memory address back to it.
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And just five minutes after that, it was able to start running commands as root.
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Debian and Oracle had patched kernels out within one day of the CVE, Red Hat took another two weeks to decide it was serious,
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and finally shipped fixes over the weekend.
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And Ubuntu still doesn't have one.
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But at least you can protect your own codebase with CodeRabbit, the sponsor of today's video.
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They got tired of seeing me make videos about new exploits hitting the timeline every week like this,
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so they just launched CodeRabbit Secure to provide continuous code security that's powered by actual reasoning instead of brittle regex rules.
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Their security agents are designed to think like an attacker.
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in order to hunt for real vulnerabilities across your entire codebase.
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Then it prioritizes actual risks based on reachability, exploitability, and blast radius.
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And it explains the problem to you in plain English, and suggests a fix you can approve in Merge from the diff.
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The CodeRabbit Secure reviews every PR before
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Merge, and you can also schedule deep scans across your full codebase to protect your backdoor 24 -7.
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Start with a free 14 -day trial at the link below, no credit card required.
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This has been The Code Report, thanks for watching, and I will see you in the next one.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “The worst week in cybersecurity history... so far”. Las palabras que más se repiten: kernel, Binance, Polymarket, code. Este vídeo tiene 73 frases y 1151 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 5:30. El hablante habla rápido, unas 209 palabras por minuto, así que espera sonidos enlazados y reducidos. Solo el 79 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| kernel sustantivo | /ˈkɝ.nəl/ | núcleo |
| server sustantivo | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | servidor |
| attacker sustantivo | /əˈtækɚ/ | atacante, asaltante |
| steal verbo | /stiːl/ | robar, shacar |
| wallet sustantivo | /ˈwɑl.ət/ | cartera, billetera |
| withdrawal sustantivo | /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/ | retirada |
| packet sustantivo | /ˈpæk.ɪt/ | paquete |
| extension sustantivo | /ɪkˈstɛnʃən/ | extensión, extendimiento |
| unusual adjetivo | /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/ | inusual, inusitado |
| script sustantivo | /skɹɪpt/ | escrito, escripto |
| blast sustantivo | /blæst/ | chorro explosivo |
| laptop sustantivo | /ˈlæp.tɑp/ | portátil, computador portátil |
| theft sustantivo | /θɛft/ | robo, hurto |
| freeze verbo | /ˈfɹiːz/ | helarse, congelarse |
| scan verbo | /skæn/ | escrutar |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| end up verbo | terminar, ir a parar | |
| turn out verbo | resultar | |
| break down verbo | descomponerse, averiarse | |
| come out verbo | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | revelarse, salir a la luz |
| get over verbo | superar, sobreponerse a | |
| pull off verbo | llevarse el gato al agua, poner una pica en Flandes |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | being drained · was hijacked · was compromised |
| Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa | guys who technically · attack which was · scale, which is |
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | has had · that's already been freed · has been |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 13 contracciones y formas reducidas, como didn't, isn't, wasn't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “th”: withdrawal /wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/, theft /θɛft/, withdraw /wɪðˈdɹɔ/, tether /ˈtɛðəɹ/
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: extension /ɪkˈstɛnʃən/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, treasury /ˈtɹɛʒ.ɚ.i/, prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, investigate /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/, continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/, technically /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/, vulnerability /ˌvʌln(ə)ɹəˈbɪlɪti/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: steal /stiːl/, script /skɹɪpt/, scan /skæn/, sponsor /ˈspɒn.səː/
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: server /ˈsɝvɚ/, investigate /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/, approve /əˈpɹuːv/, vulnerability /ˌvʌln(ə)ɹəˈbɪlɪti/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: freeze /ˈfɹiːz/, compromise /ˈkɑmpɹəˌmaɪz/, treason /ˈtɹiː.zən/, decentralize /diːˈsɛntɹəlaɪz/, prioritize /pɹaɪˈɒɹ.ə.taɪz/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como kernel, server, attacker.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.