Shadowing Practice: Mind-bending new programming language for GPUs just dropped... - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Yesterday, the clouds opened up, and a weird new programming language came down to Earth, with a promise of parallelism for all thou who writeth code.
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This is big if true, because parallel computing is a superpower.
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It allows a programmer to take a problem that could be solved in a week, and instead solve it in seven days using seven different computers.
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Unfortunately, running code in parallel is like conducting a symphony.
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One wrong note, and the entire thing becomes a total disaster.
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But luckily, Bend offers hope by making a bold promise.
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Everything that can run in parallel, will run in parallel.
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You don't need to know anything about CUDA, blocks, locks, mutexes, or regexes to write algorithms that take advantage of all 24 of your CPU cores,
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or even all 16 ,000 of your GPU cores.
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You just write some high -level
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Python -looking code, and the rest is magic.
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It is May 17th, 2024, and you're watching the Code Report.
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When you write code in a language like
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Python, your code runs on a single thread.
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That means only one thing can happen at a time.
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It's like going to a KFC with only one employee who takes the order, cleans the toilets, and cooks the food in that order.
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Now, on a modern CPU, you might have a clock cycle around 4 gigahertz, and if it's handling one instruction per cycle,
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you're only able to perform 4 billion instructions per second.
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Now, if 4 Gips is not enough, you can modify your Python code to take advantage of multiple threads,
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but it adds a lot of complexity to your code.
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And there's all kinds of gotchas, like race conditions, deadlocks, thread starvation, and may even lead to conflicts with demons.
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Even if you do manage to get it working, you might find that your CPU just doesn't have enough juice at
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which point you look into using the thousands of CUDA cores on your GPU.
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But now you'll need to write some C++ code and likely blow your leg off in the process.
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Well, what if there is a language that just knew how to run things in parallel by default?
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That's the promise of Bend.
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Imagine we have a computation that adds two completely random numbers together.
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In Python, the interpreter is going to convert this into bytecode, and then eventually run it on the Python virtual machine.
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Pretty simple, but in Bend, things are a little more complex.
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The elements of the computation are structured into a graph, which are called interaction combinators.
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You can think of it as a big network of all the computations that need to be done.
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When two nodes run into each other, the computation progresses by following a simple set of rules
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that rewrite the computation in a way that can be done in parallel.
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It continues this pattern until all computations are done, then merges the result back into whatever expression was returned from the function.
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This concept of interaction combinators goes all the way back to the 1990s, and is implemented in a runtime called the higher -order virtual machine.
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HVM is not meant to be used directly, and that's why they built
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Bend, a high -level language, to interface with it.
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And the language itself is implemented in Rust.
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Its syntax is very similar to Python, and we can write a hello world by defining a main function that returns a string.
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Now to execute this code, we can pull up the terminal and use the ben run command.
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By default, this is going to use the Rust interpreter, which will execute it sequentially, just like any other boring language.
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But now here's where things get interesting.
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Imagine we have an algorithm that needs to count a bunch of numbers and then add them together.
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The first thing that might blow your mind is that bend does not have loops.
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Like, we can't just do a for loop like we would in Python.
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Instead, bend has something entirely different called a fold that works like a search and replace for data types.
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And any algorithm that requires a loop can be replaced with a fold.
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Basically, a fold allows you to consume recursive data types in parallel, like a list or a tree.
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But first, we need to construct a recursive data type.
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And for that, we have the bend keyword, which is like the opposite of fold.
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Now, if that's a little too mind -bending, maybe check out my back catalog for recursion in 100 seconds.
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But now let's see what this looks like from a performance standpoint.
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When I try to run this algorithm on a single thread, it takes forever, like 10 minutes or more.
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However, I can run the same code without any modification whatsoever with the bend run C command.
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When I do that, it's now utilizing all 24 threads on my CPU.
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And now it only takes about 30 seconds to run the computation.
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That's a huge improvement, but I think we can still do better.
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Because I'm a baller, I have an NVIDIA RTX 4090, and once again, I can run this code without any modification on CUDA with bendrun -cu.
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And now this code only takes one and a half seconds to run, and I'll just go ahead and drop the mic right there.
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This has been the Code Report, thanks for watching, and I will see you in the next one.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “Mind-bending new programming language for GPUs just dropped..”. Las palabras que más se repiten: code, bend, computation, Python, parallel. Este vídeo tiene 60 frases y 904 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 4:00. El hablante habla rápido, unas 226 palabras por minuto, así que espera sonidos enlazados y reducidos. Solo el 77 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| bend verbo | /bɛnd/ | cimbrar, cimbrear |
| parallel adjetivo | /ˈpæ.ɹəˌlɛl/ | paralelo |
| thread sustantivo | /ˈθɹɛd/ | hilo, bouclé (buclé) |
| fold verbo | /ˈfəʊld/ | plegar, doblar |
| algorithm sustantivo | /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/ | algoritmo |
| loop sustantivo | /luːp/ | lazo, lazada |
| solve verbo | /sɒlv/ | resolver, solucionar |
| virtual adjetivo | /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/ | virtual |
| default sustantivo | /dɪˈfɔlt/ | mora, default |
| interaction sustantivo | /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/ | interacción, interrelación |
| implement verbo | /ˈɪmpləmənt/ | implementar |
| instruction sustantivo | /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/ | instrucción |
| execute verbo | /ˈɛksɪˌkjuːt/ | ejecutar, ajusticiar |
| cloud sustantivo | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | nube, nimbo |
| element sustantivo | /ˈɛləmənt/ | elemento |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| check out verbo | investigar, chequear | |
| go ahead verbo | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | venga, adelante |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | could be solved · are structured · be done |
| Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa | graph, which are · interpreter, which will · keyword, which is |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 8 contracciones y formas reducidas, como you're, can't, doesn't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “th”: thread /ˈθɹɛd/, algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, modification /ˌmɑdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, starvation /stɑɹˈveɪʃən/, computation /ˌkɑmpjʊˈteɪʃn̩/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, modification /ˌmɑdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, interpreter /ɪnˈtɝ.pɹɪ.tɚ/, complexity /kəmˈplɛk.sɪ.ti/, whatsoever /ˌ(h)wʌtsoʊˈɛvɚ/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: string /stɹɪŋ/, standpoint /ˈstændpɔɪnt/, starvation /stɑɹˈveɪʃən/
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: solve /sɒlv/, virtual /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/, convert /kənˈvɝt/, whatsoever /ˌ(h)wʌtsoʊˈɛvɚ/, starvation /stɑɹˈveɪʃən/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/, utilize /ˈjuː.tɪ.laɪz/, parallelism /ˈpaɹəlɛlɪz(ə)m/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como bend, parallel, thread.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.