Lección 14 · Etapa 1: Lo básico
Past continuous
IntermedioForma y uso
was/were + -ing — una acción en curso en un momento del pasado
1.Forma
El pasado continuo = was / were + -ing. Was va con I / he / she / it, y were con you / we / they. El -ing se añade igual que en el presente continuo (mira la lección “Present continuous”).
| Sujeto | Afirmativa | Negativa | Pregunta |
|---|---|---|---|
| I / he / she / it | she was working | she wasn't working | Was she working? |
| we / you / they | they were working | they weren't working | Were they working? |
Con palabra interrogativa: What were you doing? Who was she talking to? Respuestas cortas: Yes, I was. / No, they weren't.
2.Cuándo se usa
1. Una acción en curso en un momento del pasado: había empezado antes de ese momento y no había terminado. A menudo con at 9 o'clock last night, at this time yesterday.
At nine last night, I was watching a football match.
Anoche a las nueve estaba viendo un partido de fútbol.
What were you doing at this time yesterday?
¿Qué estabas haciendo ayer a esta hora?
2. Describir el escenario al comienzo de una historia
It was raining, and people were hurrying home.
Estaba lloviendo y la gente volvía a casa a toda prisa.
The sun was shining and the kids were playing on the beach.
Brillaba el sol y los niños jugaban en la playa.
3. Dos acciones largas al mismo tiempo, a menudo unidas con while
While I was cooking, my husband was setting the table.
Mientras yo cocinaba, mi esposo ponía la mesa.
Lan was studying while her brother was playing games.
Lan estudiaba mientras su hermano jugaba videojuegos.
Piensa en “estaba + -ando / -iendo”: anoche a las nueve estaba viendo un partido = I was watching football. El pasado simple es para la acción completa y terminada.
3.Pasado continuo o pasado simple
Los dos tiempos suelen ir juntos en una misma oración: el pasado continuo para la acción más larga en curso y el pasado simple para la acción corta que la interrumpe.
I was having a shower when the phone rang.
Me estaba duchando cuando sonó el teléfono.
We were driving home when we saw the accident.
Íbamos de regreso a casa cuando vimos el accidente.
When I arrived, they were eating dinner.
Cuando llegué, estaban cenando.
Si cambias el tiempo, cambia el significado:
| Oración | Significado |
|---|---|
| When Mum came home, we were cooking. | Estábamos en plena preparación de la comida cuando llegó mamá. |
| When Mum came home, we cooked. | Mamá llegó primero y después cocinamos (una cosa detrás de otra). |
Para acciones que van una detrás de otra, usa el pasado simple en todas: She got up, had breakfast and left.
4.¿When o while?
- while + la acción larga (normalmente en pasado continuo): While I was walking home, it started to rain.
- when + la acción corta (normalmente en pasado simple): I was walking home when it started to rain.
- When también puede ir con la acción larga (When I was walking home, …), pero while suele ir con algo que dura; para una acción de un instante, usa when: “when I opened the door”, no “while I opened the door”.
- Si la oración con when / while va primero, lleva coma: While she was sleeping, someone called. Si va en segundo lugar, normalmente no: Someone called while she was sleeping.
While (+ oración) no es lo mismo que during (+ sustantivo); mira la lección “During o while”.
5.Verbos de estado
Igual que en presente, los verbos de estado como know, want, like, need, believe, understand, own no suelen usarse en forma continua, aunque hables de un momento en curso en el pasado: usa el pasado simple.
I didn't understand what he was saying.
No entendía lo que estaba diciendo. (no: wasn't understanding)
We wanted to leave, but it was still raining.
Queríamos irnos, pero todavía estaba lloviendo.
6.Errores comunes
I was cook dinner when you called.I was cooking dinner when you called.
Después de was va el verbo con -ing.
They was playing football.They were playing football.
they → were.
I watched TV when the lights went out.I was watching TV when the lights went out.
La acción más larga, la interrumpida → pasado continuo.
Were you sleep when I called?Were you sleeping when I called?
was / were + -ing.
I was knowing the answer.I knew the answer.
know es un verbo de estado → pasado simple.
What did you doing at eight last night?What were you doing at eight last night?
El pasado continuo usa was / were, no did.
Ejemplos
- While I was cooking dinner, my brother was doing his homework.
- The children were playing football in the yard when it suddenly started to rain.
- Were you sleeping when I called? — No, I wasn't. I was taking a shower.
- We were sitting in a café when the storm started.
