Lição 14 · Etapa 1: O básico
Past continuous
IntermédioForma e uso
was/were + -ing — uma ação em andamento em um momento do passado
1.Forma
O passado contínuo = was / were + -ing. Was vai com I / he / she / it, were com you / we / they. O -ing é acrescentado do mesmo jeito que no presente contínuo (veja a lição “Present continuous”).
| Sujeito | Afirmativa | Negativa | Pergunta |
|---|---|---|---|
| I / he / she / it | she was working | she wasn't working | Was she working? |
| we / you / they | they were working | they weren't working | Were they working? |
Perguntas com Wh-: What were you doing? Who was she talking to? Respostas curtas: Yes, I was. / No, they weren't.
2.Quando usar
1. Uma ação em andamento num momento do passado — tinha começado antes daquele momento e ainda não tinha terminado. Muitas vezes com at 9 o'clock last night, at this time yesterday.
At nine last night, I was watching a football match.
Às nove da noite de ontem, eu estava assistindo a um jogo de futebol.
What were you doing at this time yesterday?
O que você estava fazendo ontem a essa hora?
2. Descrever o cenário no começo de uma história
It was raining, and people were hurrying home.
Estava chovendo, e as pessoas voltavam correndo para casa.
The sun was shining and the kids were playing on the beach.
O sol estava brilhando e as crianças estavam brincando na praia.
3. Duas ações mais longas acontecendo ao mesmo tempo — muitas vezes ligadas por while
While I was cooking, my husband was setting the table.
Enquanto eu cozinhava, meu marido punha a mesa.
Lan was studying while her brother was playing games.
A Lan estava estudando enquanto o irmão dela jogava videogame.
Pense no passado contínuo como “no meio de” algo num momento do passado: às nove da noite de ontem eu estava no meio de um jogo de futebol = I was watching football. O passado simples é para a ação inteira, já terminada.
3.Passado contínuo ou passado simples
Os dois tempos muitas vezes trabalham juntos na mesma frase: o passado contínuo para a ação mais longa em andamento, o passado simples para a ação curta que a interrompe.
I was having a shower when the phone rang.
Eu estava tomando banho quando o telefone tocou.
We were driving home when we saw the accident.
Estávamos voltando de carro para casa quando vimos o acidente.
When I arrived, they were eating dinner.
Quando cheguei, eles estavam jantando.
Mudar o tempo verbal muda o sentido:
| Frase | Sentido |
|---|---|
| When Mum came home, we were cooking. | Estávamos no meio de cozinhar quando a mãe chegou. |
| When Mum came home, we cooked. | A mãe chegou primeiro, e depois nós cozinhamos (uma coisa depois da outra). |
Para ações que acontecem uma depois da outra, use o passado simples em todas: She got up, had breakfast and left.
4.When ou while?
- while + a ação mais longa (normalmente no passado contínuo): While I was walking home, it started to rain.
- when + a ação curta (normalmente no passado simples): I was walking home when it started to rain.
- When também pode ir com a ação mais longa (When I was walking home, …), mas while normalmente vai com algo que dura; para uma ação que acontece num instante, use when: “when I opened the door”, e não “while I opened the door”.
- Quando a oração com when / while vem primeiro, use vírgula: While she was sleeping, someone called. Quando vem depois, normalmente não se usa: Someone called while she was sleeping.
While (+ oração) é diferente de during (+ substantivo) — veja a lição “During ou while”.
5.Verbos de estado
Assim como no presente, verbos de estado como know, want, like, need, believe, understand, own normalmente não são usados no contínuo, mesmo falando de um momento em andamento no passado — use o passado simples.
I didn't understand what he was saying.
Eu não entendi o que ele estava dizendo. (não: wasn't understanding)
We wanted to leave, but it was still raining.
Queríamos ir embora, mas ainda estava chovendo.
6.Erros comuns
I was cook dinner when you called.I was cooking dinner when you called.
Depois de was vem o verbo com -ing.
They was playing football.They were playing football.
they → were.
I watched TV when the lights went out.I was watching TV when the lights went out.
A ação mais longa, que foi interrompida → passado contínuo.
Were you sleep when I called?Were you sleeping when I called?
was / were + -ing.
I was knowing the answer.I knew the answer.
know é um verbo de estado → passado simples.
What did you doing at eight last night?What were you doing at eight last night?
O passado contínuo usa was / were, e não did.
Exemplos
- While I was cooking dinner, my brother was doing his homework.
- The children were playing football in the yard when it suddenly started to rain.
- Were you sleeping when I called? — No, I wasn't. I was taking a shower.
- We were sitting in a café when the storm started.
