Ders 14 · Aşama 1: Temeller
Past continuous
OrtaKalıp ve kullanım
was/were + -ing — geçmişte bir anda sürmekte olan bir eylem
1.Yapısı
Past Continuous Tense (şimdiki zamanın hikâyesi, “-iyordu”) = was / were + -ing. Was I / he / she / it ile, were you / we / they ile kullanılır. -ing, Present Continuous'taki gibi eklenir (“Present continuous” dersine bak).
| Özne | Olumlu | Olumsuz | Soru |
|---|---|---|---|
| I / he / she / it | she was working | she wasn't working | Was she working? |
| we / you / they | they were working | they weren't working | Were they working? |
Soru kelimesiyle: What were you doing? Who was she talking to? Kısa cevaplar: Yes, I was. / No, they weren't.
2.Ne zaman kullanılır
1. Geçmişte belirli bir anda devam etmekte olan bir eylem — o andan önce başlamıştı ve henüz bitmemişti. Genellikle at 9 o'clock last night, at this time yesterday ile.
At nine last night, I was watching a football match.
Dün akşam saat dokuzda bir futbol maçı izliyordum.
What were you doing at this time yesterday?
Dün bu saatte ne yapıyordun?
2. Bir hikâyenin başında ortamı anlatmak
It was raining, and people were hurrying home.
Yağmur yağıyordu ve insanlar aceleyle evlerine gidiyordu.
The sun was shining and the kids were playing on the beach.
Güneş parlıyordu ve çocuklar sahilde oynuyordu.
3. Aynı anda olan iki uzun eylem — genellikle while ile bağlanır
While I was cooking, my husband was setting the table.
Ben yemek yaparken kocam sofrayı kuruyordu.
Lan was studying while her brother was playing games.
Lan ders çalışırken erkek kardeşi oyun oynuyordu.
Past Continuous'u geçmişteki bir anda bir şeyin “ortasında” olmak gibi düşün: dün akşam dokuzda bir futbol maçının ortasındaydım = I was watching football. Simple Past ise bütün, bitmiş eylem içindir. Bu anlamda Türkçedeki “-iyordu”ya yakındır: izliyordum = I was watching.
3.Past Continuous mı, Simple Past mı?
Bu iki zaman çoğu zaman aynı cümlede birlikte çalışır: devam eden uzun eylem için Past Continuous, onu yarıda kesen kısa eylem için Simple Past.
I was having a shower when the phone rang.
Telefon çaldığında duş alıyordum.
We were driving home when we saw the accident.
Kazayı gördüğümüzde arabayla eve dönüyorduk.
When I arrived, they were eating dinner.
Ben vardığımda akşam yemeği yiyorlardı.
Zamanı değiştirirsen anlam da değişir:
| Cümle | Anlamı |
|---|---|
| When Mum came home, we were cooking. | Annem içeri girdiğinde biz yemek yapmanın ortasındaydık. |
| When Mum came home, we cooked. | Annem önce eve geldi, sonra biz yemek yaptık (biri ötekinin ardından). |
Arka arkaya olan eylemlerin hepsi için Simple Past kullan: She got up, had breakfast and left.
4.When mi, while mı?
- while + uzun eylem (genellikle Past Continuous): While I was walking home, it started to rain.
- when + kısa eylem (genellikle Simple Past): I was walking home when it started to rain.
- When uzun eylemle de kullanılabilir (When I was walking home, …), ama while genellikle süren bir şeyle gelir; bir anda olan eylem için when kullan: “when I opened the door”, “while I opened the door” değil.
- when / while'lı kısım başta gelirse virgül kullan: While she was sleeping, someone called. Sonra gelirse genellikle virgül gerekmez: Someone called while she was sleeping.
While (+ yan cümle) ile during (+ isim) farklıdır — “During ve while” dersine bak.
5.Durum fiilleri
Şimdiki zamanda olduğu gibi know, want, like, need, believe, understand, own gibi durum fiilleri, geçmişte devam eden bir an söz konusu olsa bile genellikle Continuous'ta kullanılmaz — Simple Past kullan.
I didn't understand what he was saying.
Ne dediğini anlamadım. (wasn't understanding değil)
We wanted to leave, but it was still raining.
Gitmek istedik ama yağmur hâlâ yağıyordu.
6.Sık yapılan hatalar
I was cook dinner when you called.I was cooking dinner when you called.
was ile fiil -ing almalı.
They was playing football.They were playing football.
they → were.
I watched TV when the lights went out.I was watching TV when the lights went out.
Uzun, yarıda kesilen eylem → Past Continuous.
Were you sleep when I called?Were you sleeping when I called?
was / were + -ing.
I was knowing the answer.I knew the answer.
know bir durum fiilidir → Simple Past.
What did you doing at eight last night?What were you doing at eight last night?
Past Continuous'ta did değil, was / were kullanılır.
Örnekler
- While I was cooking dinner, my brother was doing his homework.
- The children were playing football in the yard when it suddenly started to rain.
- Were you sleeping when I called? — No, I wasn't. I was taking a shower.
- We were sitting in a café when the storm started.
