Shadowing Practice: Science in English #3 | The Periodic Table - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
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57 משפטים
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1
Ahem.
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Good morning, everyone.
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Today we are going to learn about the periodic table.
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Think of it as a map of all known elements.
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Just like a map helps you find places, the periodic table helps scientists organize the building blocks of matter.
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Let's get started.
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Let's begin with a simple comparison.
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The English language has only 26 letters.
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Yet, those 26 letters can create millions of words and sentences.
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Nature is very similar.
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About 118 elements combine to create everything around us.
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So where can we find all these elements?
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We can find them in the periodic table.
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Let's begin with our learning objectives.
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By the end of this lesson, you will understand what the periodic table is.
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You will learn about atomic number and atomic mass.
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You will also identify groups and periods.
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Finally, you will recognize metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
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So what is the periodic table?
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It is a chart that organizes all known elements.
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Each element has four important pieces of information.
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Its name, its chemical symbol, its atomic number, and its atomic mass.
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Now let's look more closely at these numbers.
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The atomic number is like an ID card.
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It tells us exactly which element it is.
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For example, hydrogen has an atomic number of one.
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Carbon has an atomic number of six.
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has an atomic number of 1.
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Carbon has an atomic number of 6.
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Gold has an atomic number of 79.
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The atomic mass tells us how heavy an atom is compared with a hydrogen atom.
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Not all elements are the same.
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Scientists divide them into three main categories.
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Metals Metals are usually shiny and conduct electricity well.
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Nonmetals do not conduct electricity well.
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Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
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Each category has its own unique properties.
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Now let's learn how to read the periodic table.
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The horizontal rows are called periods.
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The vertical columns are called groups.
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Here is an important idea.
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Elements in the same group have similar properties.
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They behave in similar ways during chemical reactions.
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Let's look at a few examples.
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Group 1 contains the alkali metals.
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They are very reactive.
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Group 17 contains the halogens.
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They are reactive non-metals.
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Group 18 contains the noble gases.
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These elements are very stable and rarely react with other elements.
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Let's review what we have learned today.
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The periodic table organizes all known elements.
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Each element has an atomic number and an atomic mass.
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The table is arranged into periods and groups.
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Elements in the same group have similar properties.
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The periodic table helps scientists understand and compare all known elements.
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Thank you for listening.
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This B1 speaking lesson is built on the video “Science in English”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: element, atomic, table, periodic, metals. This video has 57 sentences and 427 words to shadow. The speech runs for 3:40. The speaker talks at a steady 117 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. Only 81% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is demanding.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 15 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| atomic adjective | /əˈtɑː.mɪk/ | Of or relating to atoms; composed of atoms; monatomic. |
| periodic adjective | /ˌpɪɹiˈɑdɪk/ | Relative to a period or periods. |
| nonmetal noun | An element, such as phosphorus or chlorine, that does not have the chemical or physical properties of a metal. | |
| organize verb | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | To arrange in working order. |
| scientist noun | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research… |
| metalloid noun | /ˈmɛtəlɔɪd/ | An element, such as silicon or germanium, intermediate in properties between that of a metal and a nonmetal; especially an elemental semiconductor. |
| reactive adjective | /ɹiːˈæktɪv/ | That reacts or responds to a stimulus. |
| atom noun | /ˈætəm/ | The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. |
| hydrogen noun | /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/ | The lightest chemical element (symbol H), with an atomic number of 1 and atomic weight of 1.008. |
| alkali noun | /ˈæl.kəˌlaɪ/ | One of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, soda ash, caustic soda, potash, ammonia, and lithia, whose distinguishing characteristics are dissolving in… |
| halogen noun | /ˈhæl.ə.d͡ʒən/ | Any element of group 17, i.e. fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine and tennessine. |
| horizontal adjective | /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/ | Perpendicular to the vertical; parallel to the plane of the horizon; level, flat. |
| columns noun | /ˈkɑləmz/ | pattern which involves throwing props in the air alternately. |
| behave verb | /bɪˈheɪv/ | To conduct (oneself) well, or in a given way; to conform. |
| arrange verb | /əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒ/ | To set up; to organize; to put into an orderly sequence or arrangement. |
Sentences worth repeating
Short, complete lines from the video that you can reuse in everyday conversation:
- Let's begin with a simple comparison.
- Let's begin with our learning objectives.
- Let's look at a few examples.
- Let's review what we have learned today.
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | is compared · are called · is arranged |
| עתיד עם “will” will + verb — החלטה, הבטחה או ניבוי לגבי העתיד | will understand · will learn · will also identify |
Pronunciation to watch
- Long words — get the stress right: periodic /ˌpɪɹiˈɑdɪk/, horizontal /ˌhoɹəˈzɑn.təl/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like atomic, periodic, nonmetal.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.