शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Your Assumptions About People Could Be Wrong, Here's Why | Reverse Assumptions - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
पाठ बनाया जा रहा है...
1
Music Where do you work?
2
I am a freelancer.
3
I've been working in advertising for a little bit.
4
What do you do for a living?
5
I am a residential coordinator.
6
My job is to help people with mental disabilities, maintain a sense of independence in the workplace and in the neighborhood.
7
I work in a home with adults with mental disabilities.
8
I've also worked as a teacher and with students with mental disabilities.
9
What do you do?
10
I teach voice lessons to people and I music direct children's musicals.
11
What's your family like?
12
I have a pretty big family.
13
I'm the youngest.
14
My brother was in a motorcycle accident a month after I graduated high school
15
and he ended up losing his right arm and had a traumatic brain injury.
16
I never thought about ableism or being an abled body person until this happened.
17
I have a disability and throughout my life I had some insecurities about it.
18
Like how was I supposed to like contribute in a world
19
that I felt like everyone had the same abilities and I had different?
20
Like I feel for your brother, you know?
21
A wise woman she told me, you know, I shouldn't, don't feel sorry for them.
22
They don't want that.
23
They just want you to understand.
24
I myself suffer from mental illness in a sense, and I hardly ever talk about it.
25
It took me years to recover, literally recover my psyche.
26
I've been working with people with disabilities since I was 17.
27
But the things that I've seen, it made me so much more of an advocate.
28
It's weird that growing up, I feel like my parents were always really fearful for me getting into adulthood.
29
And I kind of always thought like, why don't you guys think I have a future?
30
We live in kind of like a new world.
31
Now we're talking about it.
32
Now this is like an open thing.
33
What do you like about yourself?
34
I'm athletic.
35
I mean, I work out.
36
I try to get some cardio in, and I'm good at it.
37
Yeah, well, you have that up on me.
38
I hate exercise so much.
39
I like the kind of exercise where you don't have to think about the fact that you're exercising.
40
You sound like you're 25.
41
I bet you got a blue shirt on, blue jeans.
42
I bet you was born in Chicago.
43
I bet you are a soprano, because I know you say as you're saying.
44
You are some type of Hispanic background,
45
between like 5'10", 6' tall, around your late 30s.
46
I think you are 29.
47
I think you're wearing a t-shirt and jeans.
48
I think you're from the East Coast, maybe like Pennsylvania.
49
Maybe mixed, maybe Asian.
50
Kind of petite, short.
51
I know you give small little hints at some kind of walking apparatus.
52
Not in the chair, though.
53
I feel like you're pretty young, 19, 20.
54
Hey.
55
Hey.
56
What's up?
57
I was right about a couple things.
58
It's so weird having a couple conversations.
59
I was visualizing you a whole different way.
60
Oh, really?
61
A whole different.
62
I thought you had a blue shirt.
63
You got the brown hair.
64
I said you were 29?
65
No, I'm not.
66
I'm 23.
67
Oh, what's all I?
68
You said I was 25.
69
I'm from the south.
70
I'm from EFUS.
71
I'm from EFUS, embassy.
72
I'm from San Jose, Silicon Valley.
73
Oh, okay.
74
I am German, not Norwegian.
75
You're not German in here?
76
Sure, yeah.
77
Like a lot.
78
You said I was a soprano, I'm not.
79
Oh, alto?
80
Yeah, low voice.
81
Alto, I was a tenor.
82
That makes sense.
83
You sound like a tenor.
84
Let's just sing randomly.
85
Sure, yeah.
86
Let's sing a song.
87
Alright.
88
What you saying?
89
What's all I going to say?
90
We'll do that later.
91
Hi.
92
Hi.
93
Finally I actually meet you.
94
I feel like I know you.
95
I did not expect you in a chair other than when you gave tiny little hints.
96
It threw me off for a second.
97
And I'm actually 29.
98
29?
99
Wow.
100
I was really off.
101
You were right.
102
I actually am Asian, which no one guesses.
103
So you guessed it without looking.
104
In looking now, I was like, I was wrong.
105
You gave me some inches, I was like, sweet, I'll take it.
106
What do you got?
107
I think you said five, eight, six.
108
I'm like, oh my god, I'm like five, seven, on a good day, maybe?
109
I said short, petite, so I was pretty spot on.
110
I don't know how tall you would be.
111
I don't think you would tower over me.
112
No, 5'1".
113
As we get older, things get harder, right?
114
I'm just having to come to face with the fact that I think I'm a little sensitive.
115
I think you're too hard on yourself.
116
I think you just feel things and that's good.
117
Yeah.
118
You're like, I'm sensitive.
119
You're just, you're a person with feelings. For sure. For sure.
120
I gotta ask you, what's like the toughest challenge that I'm like? getting dressed, getting fed.
121
No, so I'm actually not confined to the chair.
122
I can do a little bit of walking, but I walked a lot as a kid, and I only started using the wheelchair when I was in high school.
123
But I grew up with my parents being fearful of my future, you know?
124
Like, I don't know how she's gonna make it in the world.
125
And they would say things to me like, well, we wanna get a house that we can have like an apartment that you can live in, like a basement apartment.
126
I'm like, I don't need to live with you.
127
I can do this on my own.
128
It was nice to meet you, Oshie.
129
Yeah, it was nice to meet you too.
130
Carolyn, it was really nice meeting you.
131
I honestly had a great experience just talking to you.
132
So I don't know if you're a handshaker or a hugger, but I still give you hugs.
133
Yeah.
134
That's just awesome.
135
It was fun.
136
It's nice to meet you, Albert.
137
Likewise.
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
यह B2 स्तर का स्पीकिंग पाठ वीडियो “Your Assumptions About People Could Be Wrong, Here's Why” पर आधारित है। सबसे ज़्यादा दोहराए गए शब्द ये हैं: disabilities, mental, meet। इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 136 वाक्य और 1005 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 5:59 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 168 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्वाभाविक गति से बोलता है, जो रोज़मर्रा की बातचीत के करीब है। केवल 78% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं, इसलिए शब्दावली कठिन है। इसके 136 वाक्यों में से 21 प्रश्न हैं, इसलिए यह प्रश्नों के लहजे और छोटे जवाबों के अभ्यास के लिए अच्छा है।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 10 सबसे कठिन शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| insecurity संज्ञा | असुरक्षा | |
| adulthood संज्ञा | वयस्कता, वयस्कावस्था | |
| apparatus संज्ञा | /ˌæp.əˈɹeɪ.təs/ | उपकरण |
| wheelchair संज्ञा | /ˈ(h)wilt͡ʃɛɹ/ | व्हीलचेयर |
| randomly क्रिया विशेषण | /ˈɹændm̩li/ | यदृच्छया, यादृच्छिकतः |
| workplace संज्ञा | /ˈwɝkˌpleɪs/ | कार्यशाला, कार्यालय |
| motorcycle संज्ञा | /ˈmoʊtɚˌsaɪkəl/ | मोटरसाइकिल, मोटरबाइक |
| hug क्रिया | /hʌɡ/ | आलिंगन करना |
| embassy संज्ञा | /ˈɛmbəsi/ | दूतावास, राजदूतावास |
| basement संज्ञा | /ˈbeɪsmənt/ | तलघर |
दोहराने लायक वाक्य
वीडियो के छोटे, पूरे वाक्य जिन्हें आप रोज़ की बातचीत में इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं:
- What do you do for a living?
- What's your family like?
- What do you like about yourself?
- What's all I going to say?
- I gotta ask you, what's like the toughest challenge that I'm like?
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — पहले शुरू हुआ काम जो अब भी जारी है | I've been working |
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है | I've also worked · I've seen |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 51 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे I'm, you're, don't। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: ableism /ˈeɪ.bə.lɪ.zəm/, apparatus /ˌæp.əˈɹeɪ.təs/, motorcycle /ˈmoʊtɚˌsaɪkəl/
हिंदी भाषियों के लिए मुश्किल ध्वनियाँ:
- /v/ और /w/ का फ़र्क़ — /v/ में ऊपर के दाँत निचले होंठ को छूते हैं, /w/ में होंठ गोल होते हैं: visualize /ˈvɪʒuəˌlaɪz/, wheelchair /ˈ(h)wilt͡ʃɛɹ/, workplace /ˈwɝkˌpleɪs/, likewise /ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz/
- /z/ — इसे “ज” (/dʒ/) न बनाएँ: jeans /d͡ʒiːnz/, ableism /ˈeɪ.bə.lɪ.zəm/, visualize /ˈvɪʒuəˌlaɪz/, likewise /ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz/
- /æ/ — “ऐ” से ज़्यादा खुला: alto /ˈæl.toʊ/, soprano /səˈpɹænoʊ/, freelancer /ˈfɹiˌlæn.səɹ/, apparatus /ˌæp.əˈɹeɪ.təs/, traumatic /tɹɔˈmætɪk/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- 0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर insecurity, adulthood, apparatus जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।