Pratica di Shadowing: American History - Part 001 - Overview - - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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It started in May of 1969.
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Some people can remember when The Making of a Nation was on the radio two times a week.
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People who grew up listening to it are old enough now to listen with their own children, or even their grandchildren.
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The series tells a story.
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You can think of it not just as a series of programs about the history of America and its people,
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but a series of lessons.
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The subjects include exploration, revolution, civil war, social and political change,
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the rise of industry and modern technology, and more.
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We ended last week at program number 238.
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The subject was the presidential election of 2004.
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As time adds to the story, we add new programs to the series.
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In a sense, the making of a nation is a living history.
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Yet, some of the announcers are no longer even alive after all these years.
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Here and there, too, the language may sound a little dated.
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For example, some of the programs call black people Negroes.
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The use of that term may be historically correct, but today the socially accepted name is African American.
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Technology has also changed.
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Today, the making of the nation is not just on radio, but also on the Internet.
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At voaspecialenglish .com, you can download MP3 files and transcripts.
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That way, you can listen anytime or anyplace and read along.
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The site also includes archives in case you ever miss a program.
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So how was the nation made?
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Why did loyal citizens rebel against one nation and start their own, with different laws?
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The Making of a Nation answers these and other questions about American history.
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We tell the story of how a group of farmers,
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businessmen, and lawyers wrote a document they called the Constitution of the United States.
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On September 17, 1787, delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia met one last time to sign it.
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We explain why that document is still extremely important today, and not just to Americans.
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Other governments have used it as a guide to creating a modern democracy.
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We explore why the writers of the Constitution included guarantees of freedom of speech
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and religion and the right to a fair and public trial.
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We also talk about the reasons for the American Revolution.
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One of the most important was the idea that citizens of a country should have a voice in its decisions.
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British citizens in the American colonies paid taxes, but had no representatives in the British Parliament.
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Taxation without representation led to growing anger in the American colonies.
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The leaders of the revolt made important changes.
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They decided that any free citizen could be a candidate for public office,
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and they made sure that all free men who owned land and paid taxes were permitted to vote.
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Not until 1920 did the Constitution give women the right to vote.
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Later, another change lowered the voting age for Americans from twenty -one to 18.
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Our programs explain the thinking behind these and other rights.
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They also tell the story of each presidential election and presidency in American history.
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The Making of a Nation explores the good and the bad in American history. For example,
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how could slavery exist in a nation whose people declared that all men are created equal and with a right to life,
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liberty, and the pursuit of happiness?
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Many programs tell about the ideas and issues that have shaped the United States.
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But most importantly, they tell about the people.
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For example, George Washington was a farmer before he became a military commander.
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He became president because the citizens of the new country wanted him as their first leader.
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After two terms, he gave up power by his own choice.
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He once again became a farmer and a private citizen.
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In his Fairwell Address in 1796, he warned Americans about the dangers of political parties.
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Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence.
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It told the world that the people of this new country would no longer answer to a European ruler.
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Some of the people who formed the United States into a nation during the 1700s were well -educated and wealthy.
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Abraham Lincoln was not.
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Still, he grew up to become president.
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Abraham Lincoln became president during the 1860s
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when several southern states decided they no longer wanted to be part of the United States.
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We tell how
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President Lincoln dealt with the terrible civil war that almost split the country apart.
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One of our programs deals with a speech he gave in the little town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
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A great battle had been fought there.
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President Lincoln had been asked to come to Gettysburg to say a few words at the dedication of a military burial place.
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The speech was short.
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President Lincoln honored the young men who had died on that bloody battlefield.
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He also told the world why the terrible war was being fought and why it was so important.
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Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation,
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conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
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Those words were just the first sentence.
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After President Lincoln wrote the speech, he felt sad.
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He considered it a failure.
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In fact, his words earned the respect of history.
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You can hear the full Gettysburg Address in our programs about the life and presidency of Abraham Lincoln.
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the making of a nation touches on many different subjects one of them is social change
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for example we tell about the changes that took place in the 1920s, known as the Roaring Twenties.
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Many young people decided they no longer needed to follow the conservative traditions of their parents and grandparents.
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This was the age of jazz.
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Who furnishes the Lock, Red Hot Chicago?
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Musicians with ambitions to warm up an orchestration.
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But music and social values were not the only things changing.
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The Roaring Twenties were also a time of fast -moving economic change.
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Productivity grew sharply.
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At the same time, the divide between rich and poor
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Americans grew wider.
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By the end of the Roaring Twenties, the economy was ready to collapse.
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Then, in October of 1929, the stock market crashed.
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What followed was an economic disaster worse than any the modern world has ever known.
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We examined the causes of the Great Depression and how it affected
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Americans and the rest of the world.
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We tell the story of people who lost their jobs, their homes, and their hope for the future.
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Franklin Roosevelt was elected with a promise to bring the country out of the Depression.
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On March 4, 1933, he was inaugurated to his first of four terms.
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He served longer than any other president in American history.
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We discuss Roosevelt's New Deal programs and his leadership during
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World War II.
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But not all of the subjects on The Making of a Nation are so serious.
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We also look at the history of American popular culture and subjects like the rise of high technology.
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Something for everyone.
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Today's news is not only tomorrow's history.
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It will also become part of the making of a nation.
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But for now, we start again from the beginning.
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I'm Shirley Griffith And I'm Steve Ember Join us at this time next week
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and every week as we go back in time
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Listen on radio or online at voaspecialenglish .com as we bring you
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The Making of a Nation in VOA Special English
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “American History - Part 001 - Overview -”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: nation, program, Lincoln, citizen, subject. Questo video contiene 106 frasi e 1237 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 13:22. Chi parla lo fa lentamente, circa 93 parole al minuto, quindi c’è tempo per imitare ogni suono. Il 87% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è facile da seguire.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| citizen sostantivo | /ˈsɪtɪzən/ | cittadino, cittadina |
| farmer sostantivo | /ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/ | agricoltore, fattore |
| liberty sostantivo | /ˈlɪbəti/ | libertà |
| explore verbo | /ɪkˈsploɹ/ | esplorare, investigare |
| presidency sostantivo | /ˈpɹɛzɪdənsi/ | presidenza |
| earn verbo | /ɝn/ | guadagnare |
| lesson sostantivo | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | lezione |
| guarantee sostantivo | /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ | garanzia |
| happiness sostantivo | /ˈhæpinɪs/ | felicità, gioia |
| anger sostantivo | /ˈæŋɡə/ | ira, rabbia |
| disaster sostantivo | /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ | disastro |
| representation sostantivo | /ˌɹɛp.ɹə.zɛnˈteɪ.ʃən/ | rappresentazione |
| jazz sostantivo | /d͡ʒæz/ | jazz |
| permit verbo | /pɚˈmɪt/ | permettere, autorizzare |
| slavery sostantivo | /ˈsleɪvəɹi/ | schiavismo |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| give up verbo | arrendersi |
| grow up verbo | crescere |
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | were permitted · are created · had been fought |
| Frasi relative who / which + frase — un’informazione in più su una persona o una cosa | People who grew · men who owned · people who formed |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | has also changed · have used · have shaped |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: representation /ˌɹɛp.ɹə.zɛnˈteɪ.ʃən/, exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/, dedication /ˌdɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, socially /ˈsoʊʃəli/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: presidency /ˈpɹɛzɪdənsi/, representation /ˌɹɛp.ɹə.zɛnˈteɪ.ʃən/, exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, importantly /ɪmˈpɔɹ.tənt.li/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- /h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/, historically /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/, jazz /d͡ʒæz/, permit /pɚˈmɪt/, collapse /kəˈlæps/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: guarantee /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/, happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/, anger /ˈæŋɡə/, jazz /d͡ʒæz/, collapse /kəˈlæps/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Fai shadowing frase per frase a velocità normale, ripetendo ognuna finché il tuo ritmo coincide con quello di chi parla.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come citizen, farmer, liberty.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.