Pratica di Shadowing: Your Voice Is a Wind Instrument | Matt Abrahams on Projecting Without Straining - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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fundamental to effective communication is being heard i'm matt abrahams
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and i teach strategic communication at stanford graduate school of business
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welcome to this quick thinks episode of think fast talk smart the podcast
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i'm often asked how can i make sure my voice is heard people aren't wondering how do they insert
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it into a conversation they literally want to understand how can my volume go up
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so today i'd like to have a conversation about volume
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and you can't have a conversation about volume without talking about breath then we'll talk about how to expand your volume, build vocal stamina.
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And finally, we'll conclude to talk about how microphones can help you communicate better.
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Your voice is a wind instrument.
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The more you do with it, the more your volume and voice can be affected by it.
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We need to think about how we breathe to help us project our voice.
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Many of us, when we get nervous or are uncertain, we breathe shallow and tight in the upper chest.
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We also breathe very quickly.
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This changes our ability to project our voice.
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You have to be able to fill your lower abdomen to support your voice fully.
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Something you can do in the privacy of your own space
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to figure out where you're breathing from is to put one palm on your upper chest and one on your lower abdomen.
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If I'm speaking from my upper chest as I'm doing now, I feel vibration and a little movement here and nothing in my lower abdomen.
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But when I take a deeper breath and speak lower and sometimes slower,
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I actually feel a lot of movement here and a little vibration in my upper chest.
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So to help build that awareness of where your breath is coming from, give yourself a sensory experience of it.
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Another way to help you learn about your breathing is to read out loud.
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Reading out loud is a proxy for speaking out loud
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and the benefit of reading out loud is you can focus on your breathing
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because the words are presented right in front of you.
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I don't care what you read, it can be something for work, for pleasure, it can be email, a magazine, does not matter.
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By reading out loud and really paying attention to where the breath is coming from, you can gain more control of it.
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And the more control you have over it, the better able you are to project.
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So lower, slower breathing gives you more vocal support so you can project your voice.
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Now there's a really interesting technique that I learned from an acting professional.
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While I'm not an actor myself, I really like this technique.
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Rather than just thinking about projecting your voice forward, actually pick a place where you want to put your voice.
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So imagine you're in a conference room sitting around a large table, you're at one end, and there are people far away from you.
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Instead of just broadcasting out, focus your voice in front of the person who's sitting farthest from you.
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In doing so, it changes the structure of your body.
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You'll tend to open up more.
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You'll breathe more deeply, and you'll be able to position your voice so it'll be louder.
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So it's not about broadcasting it out.
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It's about focusing on placing your voice in a certain space.
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I alluded to body posture just a moment ago, and this is really important.
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You want to open your body as much as possible.
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Many of us, especially when we're on virtual calls, we hunch over and close our body off.
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That reduces the oxygen.
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In fact, many actors and actresses or professional speakers, before they go out on stage and project,
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they'll work on stretching their body and opening it up.
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That's a great place for us to start.
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Once we have the mechanics and the breath, we have to work on stamina.
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Very few of you would wake up one morning and say, I'm going to go run a marathon and just start running.
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If you wanted to run a marathon, you'd train first.
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And the same thing is true with your voice and vocal projection.
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If you're going to speak for 5, 10, 30, 60 minutes, you should build vocal stamina.
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Because most Most of us can start out strong, but can we sustain it so we can continue to project our voice?
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Best way to do this, again, is reading out loud.
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Reading out loud to build vocal stamina is like running on a treadmill to build your stamina for running a road race.
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So if you know you have a 30 minute presentation that you have to give in a week or two,
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you should start reading out loud for five
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or 10 minutes a day to build that stamina so you can project your voice all the way through.
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And you wanna make sure that you have the energy at the end of your communication as well as at the beginning.
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Many of us start energetic and excited.
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And because we're speaking for so long, we lose our wind.
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We lose that energy.
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By building vocal stamina, you'll continue to have the energy and be able to project your voice.
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Now, fortunately, we live in a world where there's technology that can help us project our voice.
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Microphones are very useful for helping you not just record what you're saying, but to make sure your voice is projected.
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Now, we have to use microphones appropriately.
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The first type of mic I want to talk about is a lavalier mic, a lav.
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This is a little microphone that usually gets clipped right under your chin.
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Now, it tends to have a cord and a battery pack.
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You have to be careful and make sure that you're prepared for that because often you'll drop the cord through your shirt,
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and you need to have a place to clip the battery pack or a pocket to put it in.
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I've worked with some speakers who came dressed in a way that did not allow for those to easily be done.
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When it comes to a lavalier you want to make sure it's about six inches away from your mouth
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and because it is fixed you want to make sure that your head stays in the same position.
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So if the lavalier is here
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and I turn over here notice I've increased the distance
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and unless you have somebody working the sound board that is controlling the volume your voice will get quieter.
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So if you have a lavalier mic, you simply turn your whole body so you keep the orientation the same.
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So make sure you have something to clip it to, both the mic and the pack,
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and try to keep your head in relationship to the mic the same so your volume stays the same.
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Now sometimes when you're speaking, you actually have a microphone.
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Handheld mic needs to be kept at the same distance from your mouth
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so that the volume stays the same and you make the life of the soundboard operator much easier.
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So lightly hold the mic.
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Some people clutch it because they're so nervous.
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Lightly hold the mic.
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Put your elbow against your body.
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This is the only time I ever encourage people to connect the elbow to the body.
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Usually when gesturing, we want it away.
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And I gesture with the other hand and notice I'm keeping the distance about six inches the same.
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Now if I want to switch hands, which is a good thing because this arm might get tired, I come to the mic,
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keep the mic in the same place, and gesture with the other hand.
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Some mics have cables, and you need to be careful with where the cable is.
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I saw a speaker once trip over the cable, embarrassing for them, and dangerous.
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So if you're using a handheld mic, hold it in place, gesture with the other hand, and again, come back to it.
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These are all techniques that will help you project your voice and make sure your point is heard.
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We want to think about body posture and breathing.
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We want to think about placing our voice.
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We want to make sure we build that vocal stamina to support our energy and volume throughout what we say.
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And finally, we want to leverage microphones appropriately to help us make sure we're heard.
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Thank you for joining me for this
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Quick Thinks episode of Think Fast, Talk Smart, the podcast.
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To learn more about voice, please listen to episode 262 with Patsy Rodenberg.
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This episode was produced by Katherine Reed, Alex McCarthy, Ryan Campos, and me, Matt Abrahams.
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Our music is from Floyd Wonder, with special thanks to the Stanford GSB video crew.
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Thanks also to Podium Podcast Company.
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Please find us on YouTube and wherever you get your podcasts.
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Be sure to subscribe and rate us.
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Also, follow us on LinkedIn, TikTok, and Instagram.
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And check out Fastersmarter .io for deep dive videos, English language learning content, and our newsletter.
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Please consider joining our Think Fast, Talk Smart Learning community at Fastersmarter .io slash learning.
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You'll find video lessons, learning quests, discussion boards, an AI coach, and book club opportunities.
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Again, that's FasterSmarter .io slash learning to become part of our think -fast, talk -smart learning community.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “Your Voice Is a Wind Instrument”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: voice, mic, project, volume, stamina. Questo video contiene 112 frasi e 1566 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 9:20. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 168 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Il 84% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| breathe verbo | /bɹiːð/ | respirare |
| vocal aggettivo | /ˈvoʊ̯.kəl/ | vocale |
| microphone sostantivo | /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfəʊn/ | microfono |
| podcast sostantivo | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | podcast, audioprogramma |
| gesture sostantivo | /ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃɚ/ | gesto |
| technique sostantivo | /tɛkˈniːk/ | tecnica |
| abdomen sostantivo | /ˈæb.də.mən/ | addome |
| broadcast sostantivo | /ˈbɹɔːd(ˌ)kɑːst/ | trasmissione, emissione |
| marathon sostantivo | /ˈmæɹəθən/ | maratona |
| cord sostantivo | /ˈkoɹd/ | cordone |
| lightly avverbio | /ˈlaɪtli/ | alla leggera, superficialmente |
| elbow sostantivo | /ˈɛlboʊ̯/ | gomito |
| appropriately avverbio | appropriatamente | |
| vibration sostantivo | /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/ | vibrazione |
| pocket sostantivo | /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ | tasca |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| check out verbo | investigare | |
| figure out verbo | scoprire, rendersi conto | |
| go up verbo | salire | |
| open up verbo | aprire | |
| speak out verbo | esternare | |
| turn over verbo | ribaltare, capovolgere | |
| wake up verbo | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | svegliarsi |
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | being heard · is heard · can be affected |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | I've worked · I've increased |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 37 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come you're, I'm, you'll. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “th”: breathe /bɹiːð/, marathon /ˈmæɹəθən/
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: vibration /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/, presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, orientation /ˌɔː.ɹi.ənˈteɪ.ʃən/, shallow /ˈʃæloʊ/, projection /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, operator /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/, communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, orientation /ˌɔː.ɹi.ənˈteɪ.ʃən/, fortunately /ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt.li/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- /h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/, hunch /hʌnt͡ʃ/
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: podcast /ˈpɑdˌkæst/, technique /tɛkˈniːk/, clip /klɪp/, broadcast /ˈbɹɔːd(ˌ)kɑːst/, cord /ˈkoɹd/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: podcast /ˈpɑdˌkæst/, abdomen /ˈæb.də.mən/, marathon /ˈmæɹəθən/, actress /ˈæk.tɹɪs/, expand /ɪkˈspænd/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come breathe, vocal, microphone.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.