シャドーイング練習: Collins Vocabulary for IELTS Unit 1 Track 1-3 - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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50 文

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I've

learned a lot from so many people, but I suppose the person that stands out is my colleague Lynn.

When I started working at the firm, my employer didn't give me a lot of formal training, so I had to learn on the job.

I was given the desk next to Lynne and she explained everything to me.

She was incredibly efficient.

She knew the job so well and she made it look so easy.

Speaker 2 The person I admire the most is probably my boss.

She really knows what she wants to achieve with the organisation, but at the same time she is so flexible and open to new ideas.

She really takes an interest not only in her clients, but also in her employees.

She really listens to what they have to say.

Speaker 3 I suppose the relationship I've found most difficult,

but ultimately most rewarding, has been my relationship with my younger brother.

He's different from me in almost every way you can imagine.

I'm the kind of person who likes to get things done, but he is a real dreamer, so idealistic.

It used to drive me crazy, but over the years I've come to really admire him for following his dreams.

Track Two I'm going to begin this section of my talk by saying something about only children,

that is, children without siblings.

Historically, only children were relatively uncommon.

However, these days, as families are becoming smaller, being an only child has become relatively more common.

There are many reasons for this trend, social, economic and political, which I won't go into at this point.

However, I will say that having an only child generally means that parental resources can be concentrated on the one child.

And I would add that by parental resources, I mean not just money, but also care and attention.

Only children have frequently been seen as different from children with siblings and subjected to negative stereotype.

They are often considered to be less tolerant of others, i.e. less able to accept differences,

to allow those with different points of view to say and do as they like.

Not surprisingly, they are sometimes said to be less cooperative than other children.

In other words, less able to work effectively with others.

On the other hand, only children are often highly regarded for their autonomy,

that is to say, their ability to make their own decisions without being unduly influenced by others.

In short, the picture that's emerging is of children who are rather unconventional, that is, not quite normal in social terms.

I think it's important to say here that many of These views have been challenged.

In fact, more recent research has found that only children are in fact very similar to children with siblings.

Track 3 The subject of my talk today is the relationship between birth order and personality.

By birth order, I mean whether an individual is the firstborn child in the family, a middle child, an only child, and so on.

The belief that birth order has a lasting impact on personality is widespread, and frequently referred to in popular psychology literature.

Alfred Adler, an Austrian psychotherapist, was one of the first to suggest that there was a connection between birth order and personality.

He noticed that first-born children experienced a loss of status with the birth of siblings.

According to Adler, this made eldest children more likely to be anxious than other children.

However, on the positive side, they also tend to be conscientious and achievement-oriented, perhaps because they want to regain a position of primacy within the family.

Since Adler, there have been many attempts to establish links between birth order and a range of personality traits.

Some studies have found that last-born children tend to be more extrovert and agreeable.

That is, they not only seek out the company of others, but also tend to get along well with other people.

Children, on the other hand, are more likely to be rebellious,

perhaps in an attempt to define themselves as special in relation to their more conscientious elder siblings and agreeable younger siblings.

Some studies, for example, have found that middle children are more likely to choose unconventional careers and hobbies.

However, whilst these views are widely held among the public, scholars have more recently cast doubt on their validity.

Many studies have been found to employ a flawed methodology,

for instance failing to adequately consider variables such as the family's socioeconomic status.

Large-scale meta-analyses of studies have proved inconclusive, with no single trait consistently associated with a given position within the family.

Nevertheless, most people are intuitively drawn to the idea that birth order has an effect on the sort of people we become.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が50文、単語が798語あります。音声の長さは6:02です。話す速さは1分あたり約132語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。単語の85%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語	発音	意味
sibling 名詞	/ˈsɪb.lɪŋ/	兄弟兄弟姉妹, 同胞
resource 名詞	/ɹɪˈzɔːs/	資源, 資産
admire 動詞	/ədˈmaɪɹ/	感心する
trait 名詞	/tɹeɪt/	特徴
belief 名詞	/bɪˈliːf/	確信
formal 形容詞	/ˈfɔɹməl/	正式, 公式
refer 動詞	/ɹɪˈfɜː/	問い合わせる
desk 名詞	/dɛsk/	机
associate 名詞	/əˈsoʊʃi.ət/	提携者
achievement 名詞	/əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/	達成, 到達
regard 名詞	/ɹɪˈɡɑːd/	尊重
reward 名詞	/ɹɪˈwɔɹd/	見返り, 賞
psychology 名詞	/saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/	心理学, サイコロジー
relation 名詞	/ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/	関係, 関連
nevertheless 副詞	/ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/	しかし, が

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語	意味
get along 動詞	気が合う, 折り合う

注意したい発音

話し手はI've, I'm, didn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を7回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

「th」の音: nevertheless /ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/, methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
「sh」と「zh」の音: establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/, relation /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/, psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, nevertheless /ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/

この動画での練習方法

まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。sibling, resource, admireなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型	動画での表現
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している	I've found · has been · I've come
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる	was given · can be concentrated · been seen
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える	person who likes · children who are

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →

シャドーイング練習: Collins Vocabulary for IELTS Unit 1 Track 1-3 - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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