Практика Shadowing: Collins Vocabulary for IELTS Unit 1 Track 1-3 - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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50 предложений

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I've

learned a lot from so many people, but I suppose the person that stands out is my colleague Lynn.

When I started working at the firm, my employer didn't give me a lot of formal training, so I had to learn on the job.

I was given the desk next to Lynne and she explained everything to me.

She was incredibly efficient.

She knew the job so well and she made it look so easy.

Speaker 2 The person I admire the most is probably my boss.

She really knows what she wants to achieve with the organisation, but at the same time she is so flexible and open to new ideas.

She really takes an interest not only in her clients, but also in her employees.

She really listens to what they have to say.

Speaker 3 I suppose the relationship I've found most difficult,

but ultimately most rewarding, has been my relationship with my younger brother.

He's different from me in almost every way you can imagine.

I'm the kind of person who likes to get things done, but he is a real dreamer, so idealistic.

It used to drive me crazy, but over the years I've come to really admire him for following his dreams.

Track Two I'm going to begin this section of my talk by saying something about only children,

that is, children without siblings.

Historically, only children were relatively uncommon.

However, these days, as families are becoming smaller, being an only child has become relatively more common.

There are many reasons for this trend, social, economic and political, which I won't go into at this point.

However, I will say that having an only child generally means that parental resources can be concentrated on the one child.

And I would add that by parental resources, I mean not just money, but also care and attention.

Only children have frequently been seen as different from children with siblings and subjected to negative stereotype.

They are often considered to be less tolerant of others, i.e. less able to accept differences,

to allow those with different points of view to say and do as they like.

Not surprisingly, they are sometimes said to be less cooperative than other children.

In other words, less able to work effectively with others.

On the other hand, only children are often highly regarded for their autonomy,

that is to say, their ability to make their own decisions without being unduly influenced by others.

In short, the picture that's emerging is of children who are rather unconventional, that is, not quite normal in social terms.

I think it's important to say here that many of These views have been challenged.

In fact, more recent research has found that only children are in fact very similar to children with siblings.

Track 3 The subject of my talk today is the relationship between birth order and personality.

By birth order, I mean whether an individual is the firstborn child in the family, a middle child, an only child, and so on.

The belief that birth order has a lasting impact on personality is widespread, and frequently referred to in popular psychology literature.

Alfred Adler, an Austrian psychotherapist, was one of the first to suggest that there was a connection between birth order and personality.

He noticed that first-born children experienced a loss of status with the birth of siblings.

According to Adler, this made eldest children more likely to be anxious than other children.

However, on the positive side, they also tend to be conscientious and achievement-oriented, perhaps because they want to regain a position of primacy within the family.

Since Adler, there have been many attempts to establish links between birth order and a range of personality traits.

Some studies have found that last-born children tend to be more extrovert and agreeable.

That is, they not only seek out the company of others, but also tend to get along well with other people.

Children, on the other hand, are more likely to be rebellious,

perhaps in an attempt to define themselves as special in relation to their more conscientious elder siblings and agreeable younger siblings.

Some studies, for example, have found that middle children are more likely to choose unconventional careers and hobbies.

However, whilst these views are widely held among the public, scholars have more recently cast doubt on their validity.

Many studies have been found to employ a flawed methodology,

for instance failing to adequately consider variables such as the family's socioeconomic status.

Large-scale meta-analyses of studies have proved inconclusive, with no single trait consistently associated with a given position within the family.

Nevertheless, most people are intuitively drawn to the idea that birth order has an effect on the sort of people we become.

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FOR YOU

Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

В этом видео 50 предложений и 798 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:02. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 132 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. 85% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:

Слово	Произношение	Значение
sibling существительное	/ˈsɪb.lɪŋ/	брат, сестра́
resource существительное	/ɹɪˈzɔːs/	ресу́рс, запа́с
admire глагол	/ədˈmaɪɹ/	восхища́ться, восторга́ться
parental прилагательное	/pəˈɹɛn.təl/	роди́тельский
trait существительное	/tɹeɪt/	черта́, осо́бенность
belief существительное	/bɪˈliːf/	ве́ра, дове́рие
establish глагол	/ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/	устана́вливать, установи́ть
formal прилагательное	/ˈfɔɹməl/	форма́льный
refer глагол	/ɹɪˈfɜː/	ссыла́ться, сосла́ться
desk существительное	/dɛsk/	пи́сьменный стол, стол
efficient прилагательное	/ɪˈfɪʃənt/	эффекти́вный
associate существительное	/əˈsoʊʃi.ət/	партнёр, партнёрша
incredibly наречие	/ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/	невероя́тно
achievement существительное	/əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/	достиже́ние, успе́х
regard существительное	/ɹɪˈɡɑːd/	внима́ние, забо́та

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Слово	Значение
get along глагол	ла́дить, ужива́ться

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 7 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например I've, I'm, didn't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Звуки «th»: nevertheless /ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/, methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
Звуки «sh» и «zh»: establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/, relation /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
Длинные слова — следите за ударением: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/, psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, nevertheless /ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как sibling, resource, admire.

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	I've found · has been · I've come
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	was given · can be concentrated · been seen
Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете	person who likes · children who are

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →

Практика Shadowing: Collins Vocabulary for IELTS Unit 1 Track 1-3 - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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