シャドーイング練習: Crying - Why Do We Cry? - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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For many, the act of crying is either a daily occurrence or something that happens behind closed doors once a year.
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Many have wailed and sobbed at one point without ever knowing why it happens.
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In truth, there are several factors that warrant tears to fall and explanations to the tradition of crying.
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Tears flow from the lacrimal glands that are found at the outer portion of the upper eye.
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Tears consist of water, oil, and mucus.
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When crying excessively, some tears drip down the nasal cavity, making the nose more runny than usual.
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Age, infection, inflammation, injury, tumor, and cysts can contribute to blockages in our tear ducts, which restrict tears.
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Essentially there are three types of tears, reflex, basal and emotional.
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Tears that develop from a reflex reaction are the result of an irritation.
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This can be anything from cutting an onion to stubbing your big toe.
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Basal tears are the tears that lubricate your eyes every day, all day.
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These tears assist in wetting your eyes and freeing your eyes of waste.
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Watching a sad movie or being broken up with calls for emotional tears.
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This type of crying is considered the most substantial because the tears involve one's emotions.
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PLC, or pathological laughing and crying, is a condition characterized by uncontrollable and spontaneous crying or laughing.
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Many suffering from strokes, Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, and Lou Gehrig's disease show signs of PLC.
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Women's breasts tend to engorge with milk when their newborn babies cry.
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Women's tears are known to roll down their cheeks in contrast
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to men whose tears don't often flow from the eyes as rapidly and refrain from pouring over the eyelids.
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Until the age of 12, girls and boys cry about the same amount.
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The ratio deviates to about 5 to 1 from adolescence on.
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A majority of men and women say that they feel better once they have cried.
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Women, more than men, feel the need to cry when in distress.
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A good cry can be a bad cry for those who have depressive tendencies.
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This type of personality receives no emotional benefit from crying as
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their emotional state is constantly unhappy narrated by Erika Laba
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and animated by Andre Preston follow the infographic show on Twitter
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and Facebook also send in your suggestions on what you would like to see in the future episodes
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and don't forget to leave us a comment on supernova .org

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Crying - Why Do We Cry?」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：tear, crying, cry, eye, emotional。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が10文、単語が337語あります。 音声の長さは2:32です。 話す速さは1分あたり約133語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は69%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語発音意味
tear 動詞/tɛɹ/破る, 引き裂く
explanation 名詞/ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/説明
assist 動詞/əˈsɪst/手伝う
ratio 名詞/ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/比
breast 名詞/bɹɛst/胸, 乳房
contribute 動詞/kənˈtɹɪb.jut/貢献する
infection 名詞/ɪnˈfɛkʃən/伝染
emotion 名詞/ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/感情, 心緒
tumor 名詞/tuː.məɹ/腫瘍
cheek 名詞/t͡ʃiːk/頬, ほっぺた
tendency 名詞/ˈtɛn.dən.si/傾向, 趨勢
consist 名詞/kənˈsɪst/編成
onion 名詞/ˈʌn.jən/玉葱
newborn 名詞新生児, 嬰児
occurrence 名詞/əˈkɜɹ.əns/出来事

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるare found · being broken · is considered
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係しているhave wailed · have cried

注意したい発音

  • 「sh」と「zh」の音: contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, ratio /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/, infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/
  • 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/, spontaneous /spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs/, adolescence /ˌædəˈlɛsəns/, excessively /ɪkˈsɛsɪvli/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

  • /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: rapidly /ˈɹæpɪdli/, reflex /ˈɹiːflɛks/, lacrimal /ˈlæk.ɹəm.əl/, lubricate /ˈluːbrɪkeɪt/, sclerosis /skləˈɹəʊ.sɪs/
  • /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: everyday /ˈɛvɹiˌdeɪ/, twelve /twɛlv/, involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/, cavity /ˈkæv.ɪt.i/, depressive /dɪˈpɹɛsɪv/
  • /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/, refrain /ɹɪˈfɹeɪn/, reflex /ˈɹiːflɛks/

この動画での練習方法

  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。tear, explanation, assistなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →