シャドーイング練習: How Does SpaceX Get These Amazing Camera Shots? - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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Those of us Spacex fans that have been following the launches for a while now will be well accustomed to seeing incredible camera shots like this.
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These super high detailed shots provide a great spectacle during the launch procedure, stage separation and the always exciting landing procedure.
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But how are we able to get these amazing shots?
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In this video we’re going to dive in and look at what makes a shot like this so difficult in the first place.
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We’re also going to talk about the equipment that’s used and how it was used in the past.
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Say you’ve got a camera and you’re trying to film a rocket that is 60km away and is moving at 5,000km/h.
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Firstly, a standard telephoto lens will only have a maximum focal length of around 1,000mm.
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In order to get a 70m tall rocket which is 60km away to fill up the entire frame you would need a lens with a focal length of at least 10 times that.
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Secondly, in order to get smooth tracking shots like this, the camera needs to pan upwards in perfect sync with the rocket.
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That is easier said than done because the smallest of movements done by the camera translate to huge movements at the other end where the rocket is.
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This is what it would look like if you tried to track the rocket manually using a standard tripod.
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Now let's say you didn’t have a 10,000mm lens, here’s what that would look like.
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For a shot like this, we need something far more accurate and precise than just a long lens and a tripod.
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Spacex makes use of 3 main launch facilities.
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Launch complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Centre, complex 40 at Cape Canaveral and complex 4E at Vandenberg Air force Base in California.
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All of these launch facilities go way back to the early space days of the 60’s and 70’s.
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Each launch pad is surrounded by several long range tracking cameras that look a little bit like this.
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These are kineto tracking mounts which were first developed for use in the military to track down aircraft and missiles.
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Back in the Apollo days, rigs like this would be controlled by a skilled operator to track the Saturn 5 rocket as it screamed into sky.
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Back then, the skill of the operator was responsible for keeping the camera array pointed in the right direction.
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Today, a lot of the tracking functions are automated or semi-automated.
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These Kineto mounts can easily be controlled remotely by an operator at mission control.
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They can also take just about any camera you can imagine and become the world's most expensive tripod.
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Rocket companies use these tracking cameras to provide great coverage of their launches, but these expensive cameras are also used to analyze their rockets as they go through the most difficult parts of their missions.
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NASA uses a mix of digital and film cameras on these mounts.
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The short range tracking cameras make use of high speed frame rates and shutter speeds which are useful for rocket companies to analyze their rockets in great detail during the launch sequence.
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They also make use of some Infrared Temperature cameras to measure the heat of the spacecraft as it burns through the atmosphere on re-entry.
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Cameras like these have played an important role in disaster investigations.
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Tracking cameras were able to show that a falling piece of debris ripped a hole into the Space Shuttle Columbia flight which caused it to disintegrate on re-entry, sadly killing the entire crew.
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NASA reviewed the footage and put new procedures in place to ensure that the Shuttle was safe to re-enter the earth’s atmosphere.
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According to NASA, they even have some film cameras placed around their launch sites loaded with over 1,000 feet of film each.
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Of course, they also have the latest of camera technology capable of streaming a 4K video feed live to the world.
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This is how we are able to view these amazingly clear shots as they are happening.
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We really have come a long way!
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So there you have it, the method behind filming and broadcasting a rocket launch is actually very difficult.
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As the technology of the tracking systems and the cameras continue to improve, we can look forward to seeing more amazing shots like this.
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If you have any questions be sure to leave them in the comments below and make sure you’re subscribed so you can join the discussion as we learn more about all things space.
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Thank you very much for watching and I’ll see you in the next video.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が38文、単語が770語あります。 音声の長さは5:07です。 話す速さは1分あたり約150語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は80%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| rocket 名詞 | /ˈɹɑk.ɪt/ | ロケット, 噴進弾 |
| lens 名詞 | /lɛnz/ | レンズ |
| procedure 名詞 | /pɹəˈsiː.d͡ʒə/ | 手段, やり方 |
| operator 名詞 | /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/ | 交換手 |
| atmosphere 名詞 | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | 大気, 大気圏 |
| skill 名詞 | /skɪl/ | 腕, 技 |
| analyze 動詞 | /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/ | 分析する |
| smooth 形容詞 | /smuːð/ | スムース |
| broadcast 名詞 | /ˈbɹɔːd(ˌ)kɑːst/ | 放送 |
| disaster 名詞 | /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ | 災害, 天災 |
| sequence 名詞 | /ˈsiː.kwəns/ | 順序 |
| footage 名詞 | /ˈfʊtɪd͡ʒ/ | 映像 |
| missile 名詞 | /ˈmɪs.aɪl/ | 弾丸 |
| scream 動詞 | /skɹiːm/ | 悲鳴を上げる, 喚く |
| precise 形容詞 | /pɹɪˈsaɪs/ | 正確な, 精密な |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| fill up 動詞 | 満たす |
| look forward to 動詞 | 楽しみにする |
| track down 動詞 | 追い詰める, 〜を見つけ出す |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | is surrounded · would be controlled · are automated |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | rocket which is · mounts which were · speeds which are |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have played · have come |
注意したい発音
話し手はwe're, you're, didn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を7回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, shutter /ˈʃʌtəː/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: operator /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/, separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, manually /ˈmænj(u)əliː/, amazingly /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/, disintegrate /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。rocket, lens, procedureなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。