Prática de Shadowing: How Does SpaceX Get These Amazing Camera Shots? - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Those of us Spacex fans that have been following the launches for a while now will be well accustomed to seeing incredible camera shots like this.
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These super high detailed shots provide a great spectacle during the launch procedure, stage separation and the always exciting landing procedure.
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But how are we able to get these amazing shots?
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In this video we’re going to dive in and look at what makes a shot like this so difficult in the first place.
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We’re also going to talk about the equipment that’s used and how it was used in the past.
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Say you’ve got a camera and you’re trying to film a rocket that is 60km away and is moving at 5,000km/h.
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Firstly, a standard telephoto lens will only have a maximum focal length of around 1,000mm.
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In order to get a 70m tall rocket which is 60km away to fill up the entire frame you would need a lens with a focal length of at least 10 times that.
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Secondly, in order to get smooth tracking shots like this, the camera needs to pan upwards in perfect sync with the rocket.
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That is easier said than done because the smallest of movements done by the camera translate to huge movements at the other end where the rocket is.
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This is what it would look like if you tried to track the rocket manually using a standard tripod.
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Now let's say you didn’t have a 10,000mm lens, here’s what that would look like.
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For a shot like this, we need something far more accurate and precise than just a long lens and a tripod.
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Spacex makes use of 3 main launch facilities.
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Launch complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Centre, complex 40 at Cape Canaveral and complex 4E at Vandenberg Air force Base in California.
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All of these launch facilities go way back to the early space days of the 60’s and 70’s.
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Each launch pad is surrounded by several long range tracking cameras that look a little bit like this.
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These are kineto tracking mounts which were first developed for use in the military to track down aircraft and missiles.
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Back in the Apollo days, rigs like this would be controlled by a skilled operator to track the Saturn 5 rocket as it screamed into sky.
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Back then, the skill of the operator was responsible for keeping the camera array pointed in the right direction.
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Today, a lot of the tracking functions are automated or semi-automated.
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These Kineto mounts can easily be controlled remotely by an operator at mission control.
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They can also take just about any camera you can imagine and become the world's most expensive tripod.
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Rocket companies use these tracking cameras to provide great coverage of their launches, but these expensive cameras are also used to analyze their rockets as they go through the most difficult parts of their missions.
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NASA uses a mix of digital and film cameras on these mounts.
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The short range tracking cameras make use of high speed frame rates and shutter speeds which are useful for rocket companies to analyze their rockets in great detail during the launch sequence.
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They also make use of some Infrared Temperature cameras to measure the heat of the spacecraft as it burns through the atmosphere on re-entry.
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Cameras like these have played an important role in disaster investigations.
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Tracking cameras were able to show that a falling piece of debris ripped a hole into the Space Shuttle Columbia flight which caused it to disintegrate on re-entry, sadly killing the entire crew.
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NASA reviewed the footage and put new procedures in place to ensure that the Shuttle was safe to re-enter the earth’s atmosphere.
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According to NASA, they even have some film cameras placed around their launch sites loaded with over 1,000 feet of film each.
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Of course, they also have the latest of camera technology capable of streaming a 4K video feed live to the world.
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This is how we are able to view these amazingly clear shots as they are happening.
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We really have come a long way!
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So there you have it, the method behind filming and broadcasting a rocket launch is actually very difficult.
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As the technology of the tracking systems and the cameras continue to improve, we can look forward to seeing more amazing shots like this.
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If you have any questions be sure to leave them in the comments below and make sure you’re subscribed so you can join the discussion as we learn more about all things space.
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Thank you very much for watching and I’ll see you in the next video.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Este vídeo tem 38 frases e 770 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 5:07. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 150 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. Apenas 80% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| rocket substantivo | /ˈɹɑk.ɪt/ | foguete |
| lens substantivo | /lɛnz/ | lente |
| mount verbo | /maʊnt/ | subir |
| procedure substantivo | /pɹəˈsiː.d͡ʒə/ | procedimento |
| operator substantivo | /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/ | telefonista |
| atmosphere substantivo | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | atmosfera |
| skill substantivo | /skɪl/ | habilidade, talento |
| analyze verbo | /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/ | analisar |
| focal adjetivo | /ˈfoʊ.kl̩/ | focal |
| smooth adjetivo | /smuːð/ | suave |
| broadcast substantivo | /ˈbɹɔːd(ˌ)kɑːst/ | emissão, retransmissão |
| disaster substantivo | /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ | desastre |
| sequence substantivo | /ˈsiː.kwəns/ | sequência |
| footage substantivo | /ˈfʊtɪd͡ʒ/ | material |
| rip verbo | /ɹɪp/ | rasgar |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| fill up verbo | encher |
| look forward to verbo | ansiar por, estar ansioso para |
| track down verbo | rastrear, localizar |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | is surrounded · would be controlled · are automated |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | rocket which is · mounts which were · speeds which are |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have played · have come |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 7 contrações e formas reduzidas, como we're, you're, didn't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, shutter /ˈʃʌtəː/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: operator /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/, separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, manually /ˈmænj(u)əliː/, amazingly /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/, disintegrate /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como rocket, lens, mount.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.