跟讀練習: How Does SpaceX Get These Amazing Camera Shots? - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Those of us Spacex fans that have been following the launches for a while now will be well accustomed to seeing incredible camera shots like this.

These super high detailed shots provide a great spectacle during the launch procedure, stage separation and the always exciting landing procedure.

But how are we able to get these amazing shots?

In this video we’re going to dive in and look at what makes a shot like this so difficult in the first place.

We’re also going to talk about the equipment that’s used and how it was used in the past.

Say you’ve got a camera and you’re trying to film a rocket that is 60km away and is moving at 5,000km/h.

Firstly, a standard telephoto lens will only have a maximum focal length of around 1,000mm.

In order to get a 70m tall rocket which is 60km away to fill up the entire frame you would need a lens with a focal length of at least 10 times that.

Secondly, in order to get smooth tracking shots like this, the camera needs to pan upwards in perfect sync with the rocket.

That is easier said than done because the smallest of movements done by the camera translate to huge movements at the other end where the rocket is.

This is what it would look like if you tried to track the rocket manually using a standard tripod.

Now let's say you didn’t have a 10,000mm lens, here’s what that would look like.

For a shot like this, we need something far more accurate and precise than just a long lens and a tripod.

Spacex makes use of 3 main launch facilities.

Launch complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Centre, complex 40 at Cape Canaveral and complex 4E at Vandenberg Air force Base in California.

All of these launch facilities go way back to the early space days of the 60’s and 70’s.

Each launch pad is surrounded by several long range tracking cameras that look a little bit like this.

These are kineto tracking mounts which were first developed for use in the military to track down aircraft and missiles.

Back in the Apollo days, rigs like this would be controlled by a skilled operator to track the Saturn 5 rocket as it screamed into sky.

Back then, the skill of the operator was responsible for keeping the camera array pointed in the right direction.

Today, a lot of the tracking functions are automated or semi-automated.

These Kineto mounts can easily be controlled remotely by an operator at mission control.

They can also take just about any camera you can imagine and become the world's most expensive tripod.

Rocket companies use these tracking cameras to provide great coverage of their launches, but these expensive cameras are also used to analyze their rockets as they go through the most difficult parts of their missions.

NASA uses a mix of digital and film cameras on these mounts.

The short range tracking cameras make use of high speed frame rates and shutter speeds which are useful for rocket companies to analyze their rockets in great detail during the launch sequence.

They also make use of some Infrared Temperature cameras to measure the heat of the spacecraft as it burns through the atmosphere on re-entry.

Cameras like these have played an important role in disaster investigations.

Tracking cameras were able to show that a falling piece of debris ripped a hole into the Space Shuttle Columbia flight which caused it to disintegrate on re-entry, sadly killing the entire crew.

NASA reviewed the footage and put new procedures in place to ensure that the Shuttle was safe to re-enter the earth’s atmosphere.

According to NASA, they even have some film cameras placed around their launch sites loaded with over 1,000 feet of film each.

Of course, they also have the latest of camera technology capable of streaming a 4K video feed live to the world.

This is how we are able to view these amazingly clear shots as they are happening.

We really have come a long way!

So there you have it, the method behind filming and broadcasting a rocket launch is actually very difficult.

As the technology of the tracking systems and the cameras continue to improve, we can look forward to seeing more amazing shots like this.

If you have any questions be sure to leave them in the comments below and make sure you’re subscribed so you can join the discussion as we learn more about all things space.

Thank you very much for watching and I’ll see you in the next video.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這段影片共有 38 個句子、770 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 5:07。說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 150 個詞，接近日常對話。只有 80% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
rocket 名詞	/ˈɹɑk.ɪt/	火箭發動機 /火箭發動機, 火箭
lens 名詞	/lɛnz/	透鏡 /透鏡, 鏡片 /鏡片
mount 動詞	/maʊnt/	騎 /騎
procedure 名詞	/pɹəˈsiː.d͡ʒə/	做法, 方法
operator 名詞	/ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/	話務員 /話務員, 接線員 /接線員
atmosphere 名詞	/ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/	大氣 /大氣, 氣圈 /氣圈
skill 名詞	/skɪl/	技巧, 技能
analyze 動詞	/ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/	分析
smooth 形容詞	/smuːð/	平穩 /平穩, 順利 /順利
broadcast 名詞	/ˈbɹɔːd(ˌ)kɑːst/	廣播 /廣播
disaster 名詞	/dɪˈzɑːs.təː/	災難 /災難, 災害 /災害
sequence 名詞	/ˈsiː.kwəns/	序列, 順序 /順序
footage 名詞	/ˈfʊtɪd͡ʒ/	影片, 錄影 /錄影
missile 名詞	/ˈmɪs.aɪl/	飛彈 /飛彈, 導彈 /導彈
scream 動詞	/skɹiːm/	叫喊, 嗷叫

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
fill up 動詞	裝滿 /裝滿
go through 動詞	通過 /通過
look forward to 動詞	期待, 嚮往
track down 動詞	找到, 查獲 /查獲

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	is surrounded · would be controlled · are automated
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	rocket which is · mounts which were · speeds which are
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	have played · have come

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 7 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 we're, you're, didn't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, shutter /ˈʃʌtəː/
長單詞——注意重音位置: operator /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/, separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, manually /ˈmænj(u)əliː/, amazingly /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/, disintegrate /dɪsˈɪntɪɡɹeɪt/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 rocket, lens, mount 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: How Does SpaceX Get These Amazing Camera Shots? - 通過影片學習英語口語

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