シャドーイング練習: Past and Present | Technology Then and Now - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Past and present.
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Technology then and now.
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Devices and gadgets that we use today were radically different back when they were first invented, introduced or popularized years or decades ago.
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In this look at technological transformations, we see what old school designs have become.
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Floppy disk.
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You'd need 213,000 individual 5.25 inch floppy disks,
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each with a capacity of 1.2MB to hold 256GB of data.
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Thumb drive.
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Now all you need is this 2 inch long thumb drive that easily stores the same amount of data.
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Books.
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1,400 physical books would weigh about 1 pound each.
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That's about as much as half of a car.
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Kindle The cheapest version of this electronic reader can hold that many books in digital form.
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Ford Model T The first consumer automobile,
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introduced in 1908, produced 20 horsepower and had a top speed of 45 mph.
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Ford GT The 2017 descendant has evolved into a supercar with 600 horsepower and speeds in excess of 200 mph.
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Television The 1948 Admiral Model 19A12 TV set had a 7-inch black
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and white screen with with a resolution of 653 by 499 pixels.
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UHD TV Today's 4K ultra-high-def TVs have minimum resolutions of 3840 by 2160 pixels.
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Video Cam The Super 8mm film cameras,
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produced by Kodak in 1965 had film cartridges that recorded up to 2.5 minutes at 24 frames per second.
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High Def Video Recorder.
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Can record 1080p video for up to 4 hours and 21 minutes at 30 frames per second.
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Laptop The first true portable computer was called Osborne One, built by Adam Osborne in 1981.
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It weighed 24 pounds, had a 5-inch screen and cost $1,795.
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Compact Ultra Portables Laptops circa 2016 are sleek,
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lightweight, 13-15 inch touchscreens, blazingly fast processors and cost $1,000 or less.
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Mobile Phone In April 1973,
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Motorola researcher Martin Cooper made the first mobile telephone call using a device that weighed 1.1 kilos and measured 23 cm long.
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It had a talk time of 30 minutes and took 10 hours to recharge.
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Smartphone.
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There are nearly 150 mobile phone manufacturers in the world today who produce the latest iteration of this device which is small,
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light, thin and is virtually a carry anywhere computer.
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ENIAC Built in 1946 by Pennsylvania University scientists,
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the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer was a 30-tonne behemoth with over 17,000 vacuum tubes,
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70,000 resistors and 10,000 capacitors, filling up a 30 by 50-foot room.
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Portable Calculator
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Modern-day electronic pocket calculators became available in the 1970s after the first microprocessor was developed by Intel for Japanese calculator company Bizicom.
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Now, pocket calculators by Texas Instruments put enormous computing power in a smartphone-sized package.
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このレッスンについて
「Past and Present | Technology Then and Now」を使って、シャドーイングで英語を練習しましょう。
毎日15〜30分の練習で、IELTSスピーキングへの自信と実践的な英会話力が身につきます。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。