쉐도잉 연습: C1 T2 TEST1 PART4 - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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In December 2015, China issued a red alert warning for their capital Beijing.

Smog and air particle levels were ten times higher than the World Health Organization's safety standards.

The alert shut down schools and stopped construction, reflecting China's ongoing issues with pollution. At

that same time, the rest of the world was meeting in Paris for the

United Nations Climate Change Convention in an attempt to tackle growing environmental concerns.

So while Beijing is covered in smog, we wanted to know, what are the cleanest cities in the world?

A 2012 Green City Index reported by the Economist Intelligence Unit examined each major world region to determine

which global factors contribute to cleanliness.

In Europe, many of the top spots were captured by Nordic countries, with Copenhagen and Denmark as the cleanest city overall.

Zurich in Switzerland also received high points for lowest CO2 emissions.

Both countries have strict limits on high -polluting vehicles, but there is also a societal push to use public transit, bicycling, and walking.

Even the 2009 Copenhagen Accord saw the world's major economies come together for the first time to lower global emissions.

In Latin America, a clear and repeat winner for the cleanest city has been Curitiba in Brazil.

The city was the first to introduce bus rapid transit in 1974

and has continued the trend of working with its citizens to provide environmental benefits.

A recycling program called Garbage has led to about three -quarter of the city's trash to be recycled by residents.

Other programs like one which trades bus tokens for recycling shows how effective communal and governmental efforts can be.

Another top recycler, this time in Asia, is the city -state of Singapore.

On average, they generate less trash per person than the rest of the continent,

but they also keep the city clean through high -density planning and infrastructure investment.

Recycling and water treatment plants are state of the art and designed around supplying the uniquely compact city.

With so many people living so close together, it is very important to produce as little waste as possible.

Over in North America, it's health -conscious

San Francisco that takes the lead.

According to the GCI, San Francisco recycles as much as 77 % of their waste, which is more than any European city besides Leipzig in Germany.

Another reason is that SF requires commercial building owners to submit regular energy usage reports, leading to considerably lower usage overall.

This coupled with a high -sharing economy, high -quality public transit, and marginal environmental tax benefits makes SF incredibly clean.

Lastly and unfortunately, no cities score well above average in Africa.

The highest ranked, Accra, in Ghana is not necessarily the cleanest,

but they get major points for having a direct bureaucratic link with the national government concerning the environment.

This helps not only in monitoring, but also action, and is found lacking in most African cities' profile.

Overall, the most consistent aspect of environmental friendliness seemed to be based on society's willingness to take part.

Mass transit and recycling help bring down emissions,

as does efficient city planning and government policy but it should come as no surprise that without the support of the people,

there is little that can be done to save the Earth.

While it is nice to live in a city with no pollution, much of the world does not have that luxury.

Now listen to part four again. In December 2015,

China issued a red alert warning for their capital, Beijing smog

and air particle levels were 10 times higher than the World Health Organization's safety standards.

The alert shut down schools and stopped construction, reflecting China's ongoing issues with pollution. At

that same time, the rest of the world was meeting in Paris for the

United Nations Climate Change Convention in an attempt to tackle growing environmental concerns.

So while Beijing is covered in smog, we wanted to know, what are the cleanest cities in the world?

A 2012 Green City Index reported by the Economist Intelligence Unit examined each major world region to determine

which global factors contribute to cleanliness.

In Europe, many of the top spots were captured by Nordic countries, with Copenhagen and Denmark as the cleanest city overall.

Zurich in Switzerland also received high points for lowest CO2 emissions.

Both countries have strict limits on high -polluting vehicles, but there is also a societal push to use public transit, bicycling, and walking.

Even the 2009 Copenhagen Accord saw the world's major economies come together for the first time to lower global emissions.

In Latin America, a clear and repeat winner for the cleanest city has been Curitiba in Brazil.

The city was the first to introduce bus rapid transit in 1974

and has continued the trend of working with its citizens to provide environmental benefits.

A recycling program called Garbage, that's not garbage, has led to about three -quarter of the city's trash to be recycled by residents.

Other programs like one which trades bus tokens for recycling shows how effective communal and governmental efforts can be.

Another top recycler, this time in Asia, is the city -state of Singapore.

On average, they generate less trash per person than the rest of the continent,

but they also keep the city clean through high -density planning and infrastructure investment.

Recycling and water treatment plants are state -of -the -art and designed around supplying the uniquely compact city.

With so many people living so close together, it is very important to produce as little waste as possible.

Over in North America, it's health -conscious

San Francisco that takes the lead.

According to the GCI, San Francisco recycles as much as 77 % of their waste, which is more than any European city besides Leipzig and Germany.

Another reason is that SF requires commercial building owners to submit regular energy usage reports, leading to considerably lower usage overall.

This coupled with a high -sharing economy, high -quality public transit, and marginal environmental tax benefits makes SF incredibly clean.

Lastly, and unfortunately, no cities score well above average in Africa.

The highest ranked, Accra, in Ghana is not necessarily the cleanest,

but they get major points for having a direct bureaucratic link with the national government concerning the environment.

This helps not only in monitoring, but also action, and is found lacking in most African cities profiled.

Overall, the most consistent aspect of environmental friendliness seemed to be based on society's willingness to take part.

Mass transit and recycling help bring down emissions as does efficient city planning and government policy

But it should come as no surprise that without the support of the people

There is little that can be done to save the earth

While it is nice to live in a city with no pollution, much of the world does not have that luxury

That's the end of part four

That's the end of the listening section

You now have two minutes to check all your answers Thank you.

Thank you.

Time's up.

Thank you.

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143

이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “C1 T2 TEST1 PART4”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: cleanest, recycling, transit, environmental, emissions. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 81개와 단어 1165개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 8:48입니다. 화자는 분당 약 132단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 단어의 82%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
transit 명사	/ˈtɹæn.zɪt/	통과
trash 명사	/tɹæʃ/	쓰레기, 오물
alert 형용사	/əˈlɝt/	기민하다, 경계하다
pollution 명사	/pəˈluʃən/	오염
garbage 명사	/ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/	쓰레기, 오물
infrastructure 명사	/ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/	기반시설, 기간시설
capture 동사	/ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/	포획하다
efficient 형용사	/ɪˈfɪʃənt/	효율적인
aspect 명사	/ˈæspɛkt/	양상
citizen 명사	/ˈsɪtɪzən/	시민
reflect 동사	/ɹɪˈflɛkt/	반사(反射)하다
rapid 형용사	/ˈɹæp.ɪd/	빠르다
resident 명사	/ˈɹɛzɪdənt/	주민, 거주자
introduce 동사	/ˌɪntɹəˈdus/	소개(紹介)하다
monitor 명사	/ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/	모니터

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	is covered · were captured · be recycled
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	has been · has continued · has led
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보	waste, which is

주의할 발음

“sh”와 “zh” 소리: emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, trash /tɹæʃ/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/, capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/, governmental /ˌɡʌvɚnˈmɛnt(ə)l/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/, friendliness /ˈfɹɛndlinəs/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: transit /ˈtɹæn.zɪt/, citizen /ˈsɪtɪzən/, resident /ˈɹɛzɪdənt/, examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/
/r/과 /l/ 구별하기: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, luxury /ˈlʌk.ʃə.ɹi/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, transit, trash, alert 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

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쉐도잉 연습: C1 T2 TEST1 PART4 - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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