ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: C1 T2 TEST1 PART4

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81 ประโยค
หากประโยคสั้นหรือยาวเกินไป กดที่ Edit เพื่อปรับแก้
1
In December 2015, China issued a red alert warning for their capital Beijing.
2
Smog and air particle levels were ten times higher than the World Health Organization's safety standards.
3
The alert shut down schools and stopped construction, reflecting China's ongoing issues with pollution. At
4
that same time, the rest of the world was meeting in Paris for the
5
United Nations Climate Change Convention in an attempt to tackle growing environmental concerns.
6
So while Beijing is covered in smog, we wanted to know, what are the cleanest cities in the world?
7
A 2012 Green City Index reported by the Economist Intelligence Unit examined each major world region to determine
8
which global factors contribute to cleanliness.
9
In Europe, many of the top spots were captured by Nordic countries, with Copenhagen and Denmark as the cleanest city overall.
10
Zurich in Switzerland also received high points for lowest CO2 emissions.
11
Both countries have strict limits on high -polluting vehicles, but there is also a societal push to use public transit, bicycling, and walking.
12
Even the 2009 Copenhagen Accord saw the world's major economies come together for the first time to lower global emissions.
13
In Latin America, a clear and repeat winner for the cleanest city has been Curitiba in Brazil.
14
The city was the first to introduce bus rapid transit in 1974
15
and has continued the trend of working with its citizens to provide environmental benefits.
16
A recycling program called Garbage has led to about three -quarter of the city's trash to be recycled by residents.
17
Other programs like one which trades bus tokens for recycling shows how effective communal and governmental efforts can be.
18
Another top recycler, this time in Asia, is the city -state of Singapore.
19
On average, they generate less trash per person than the rest of the continent,
20
but they also keep the city clean through high -density planning and infrastructure investment.
21
Recycling and water treatment plants are state of the art and designed around supplying the uniquely compact city.
22
With so many people living so close together, it is very important to produce as little waste as possible.
23
Over in North America, it's health -conscious
24
San Francisco that takes the lead.
25
According to the GCI, San Francisco recycles as much as 77 % of their waste, which is more than any European city besides Leipzig in Germany.
26
Another reason is that SF requires commercial building owners to submit regular energy usage reports, leading to considerably lower usage overall.
27
This coupled with a high -sharing economy, high -quality public transit, and marginal environmental tax benefits makes SF incredibly clean.
28
Lastly and unfortunately, no cities score well above average in Africa.
29
The highest ranked, Accra, in Ghana is not necessarily the cleanest,
30
but they get major points for having a direct bureaucratic link with the national government concerning the environment.
31
This helps not only in monitoring, but also action, and is found lacking in most African cities' profile.
32
Overall, the most consistent aspect of environmental friendliness seemed to be based on society's willingness to take part.
33
Mass transit and recycling help bring down emissions,
34
as does efficient city planning and government policy but it should come as no surprise that without the support of the people,
35
there is little that can be done to save the Earth.
36
While it is nice to live in a city with no pollution, much of the world does not have that luxury.
37
Now listen to part four again. In December 2015,
38
China issued a red alert warning for their capital, Beijing smog
39
and air particle levels were 10 times higher than the World Health Organization's safety standards.
40
The alert shut down schools and stopped construction, reflecting China's ongoing issues with pollution. At
41
that same time, the rest of the world was meeting in Paris for the
42
United Nations Climate Change Convention in an attempt to tackle growing environmental concerns.
43
So while Beijing is covered in smog, we wanted to know, what are the cleanest cities in the world?
44
A 2012 Green City Index reported by the Economist Intelligence Unit examined each major world region to determine
45
which global factors contribute to cleanliness.
46
In Europe, many of the top spots were captured by Nordic countries, with Copenhagen and Denmark as the cleanest city overall.
47
Zurich in Switzerland also received high points for lowest CO2 emissions.
48
Both countries have strict limits on high -polluting vehicles, but there is also a societal push to use public transit, bicycling, and walking.
49
Even the 2009 Copenhagen Accord saw the world's major economies come together for the first time to lower global emissions.
50
In Latin America, a clear and repeat winner for the cleanest city has been Curitiba in Brazil.
51
The city was the first to introduce bus rapid transit in 1974
52
and has continued the trend of working with its citizens to provide environmental benefits.
53
A recycling program called Garbage, that's not garbage, has led to about three -quarter of the city's trash to be recycled by residents.
54
Other programs like one which trades bus tokens for recycling shows how effective communal and governmental efforts can be.
55
Another top recycler, this time in Asia, is the city -state of Singapore.
56
On average, they generate less trash per person than the rest of the continent,
57
but they also keep the city clean through high -density planning and infrastructure investment.
58
Recycling and water treatment plants are state -of -the -art and designed around supplying the uniquely compact city.
59
With so many people living so close together, it is very important to produce as little waste as possible.
60
Over in North America, it's health -conscious
61
San Francisco that takes the lead.
62
According to the GCI, San Francisco recycles as much as 77 % of their waste, which is more than any European city besides Leipzig and Germany.
63
Another reason is that SF requires commercial building owners to submit regular energy usage reports, leading to considerably lower usage overall.
64
This coupled with a high -sharing economy, high -quality public transit, and marginal environmental tax benefits makes SF incredibly clean.
65
Lastly, and unfortunately, no cities score well above average in Africa.
66
The highest ranked, Accra, in Ghana is not necessarily the cleanest,
67
but they get major points for having a direct bureaucratic link with the national government concerning the environment.
68
This helps not only in monitoring, but also action, and is found lacking in most African cities profiled.
69
Overall, the most consistent aspect of environmental friendliness seemed to be based on society's willingness to take part.
70
Mass transit and recycling help bring down emissions as does efficient city planning and government policy
71
But it should come as no surprise that without the support of the people
72
There is little that can be done to save the earth
73
While it is nice to live in a city with no pollution, much of the world does not have that luxury
74
That's the end of part four
75
That's the end of the listening section
76
You now have two minutes to check all your answers Thank you.
77
Thank you.
78
Thank you.
79
Time's up.
80
Thank you.
81
Thank you.

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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “C1 T2 TEST1 PART4” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: cleanest, recycling, transit, environmental, emissions วิดีโอนี้มี 81 ประโยค และ 1165 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 8:48 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วสม่ำเสมอ ประมาณ 132 คำต่อนาที เหมาะกับการฝึกพูดตาม 82% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์คำอ่านความหมาย
trash คำนาม/tɹæʃ/ขยะ, กาก
pollution คำนาม/pəˈluʃən/มลภาวะ, มลพิษ
garbage คำนาม/ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/กาก, ขยะ
necessarily คำกริยาวิเศษณ์/ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ต้อง
infrastructure คำนาม/ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/โครงสร้างพื้นฐาน
capture คำกริยา/ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/ยึด
citizen คำนาม/ˈsɪtɪzən/พลเมือง
reflect คำกริยา/ɹɪˈflɛkt/สะท้อน
resident คำนาม/ˈɹɛzɪdənt/ผู้พักอาศัย
introduce คำกริยา/ˌɪntɹəˈdus/แนะนำ
monitor คำนาม/ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/จอภาพ, หน้าจอ
density คำนาม/ˈdɛn.sə.ti/ความหนาแน่น
submit คำกริยา/səbˈmɪt/ยอมแพ้, ยอม
continent คำนาม/ˈkɑntɪnənt/ทวีป
bicycle คำนาม/ˈbaɪsɪk(ə)l/จักรยาน, รถถีบ

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้างในวิดีโอ
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำis covered · were captured · be recycled
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบันhas been · has continued · has led
Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของwaste, which is

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

  • เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, trash /tɹæʃ/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/, capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/
  • คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/, governmental /ˌɡʌvɚnˈmɛnt(ə)l/

เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:

  • เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: trash /tɹæʃ/, usage /ˈjuːsɪd͡ʒ/, garbage /ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/, introduce /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/, conscious /ˈkɑn.ʃəs/
  • /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: transit /ˈtɹæn.zɪt/, citizen /ˈsɪtɪzən/, resident /ˈɹɛzɪdənt/, examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/
  • /r/ กับ /l/ — แยกให้ชัด: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, luxury /ˈlʌk.ʃə.ɹi/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

  1. ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
  2. พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
  3. อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง trash, pollution, garbage เป็นพิเศษ

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →