Shadowing Practice: C1 T2 TEST1 PART4 - Learn English Speaking with Video
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1
In December 2015, China issued a red alert warning for their capital Beijing.
2
Smog and air particle levels were ten times higher than the World Health Organization's safety standards.
3
The alert shut down schools and stopped construction, reflecting China's ongoing issues with pollution. At
4
that same time, the rest of the world was meeting in Paris for the
5
United Nations Climate Change Convention in an attempt to tackle growing environmental concerns.
6
So while Beijing is covered in smog, we wanted to know, what are the cleanest cities in the world?
7
A 2012 Green City Index reported by the Economist Intelligence Unit examined each major world region to determine
8
which global factors contribute to cleanliness.
9
In Europe, many of the top spots were captured by Nordic countries, with Copenhagen and Denmark as the cleanest city overall.
10
Zurich in Switzerland also received high points for lowest CO2 emissions.
11
Both countries have strict limits on high -polluting vehicles, but there is also a societal push to use public transit, bicycling, and walking.
12
Even the 2009 Copenhagen Accord saw the world's major economies come together for the first time to lower global emissions.
13
In Latin America, a clear and repeat winner for the cleanest city has been Curitiba in Brazil.
14
The city was the first to introduce bus rapid transit in 1974
15
and has continued the trend of working with its citizens to provide environmental benefits.
16
A recycling program called Garbage has led to about three -quarter of the city's trash to be recycled by residents.
17
Other programs like one which trades bus tokens for recycling shows how effective communal and governmental efforts can be.
18
Another top recycler, this time in Asia, is the city -state of Singapore.
19
On average, they generate less trash per person than the rest of the continent,
20
but they also keep the city clean through high -density planning and infrastructure investment.
21
Recycling and water treatment plants are state of the art and designed around supplying the uniquely compact city.
22
With so many people living so close together, it is very important to produce as little waste as possible.
23
Over in North America, it's health -conscious
24
San Francisco that takes the lead.
25
According to the GCI, San Francisco recycles as much as 77 % of their waste, which is more than any European city besides Leipzig in Germany.
26
Another reason is that SF requires commercial building owners to submit regular energy usage reports, leading to considerably lower usage overall.
27
This coupled with a high -sharing economy, high -quality public transit, and marginal environmental tax benefits makes SF incredibly clean.
28
Lastly and unfortunately, no cities score well above average in Africa.
29
The highest ranked, Accra, in Ghana is not necessarily the cleanest,
30
but they get major points for having a direct bureaucratic link with the national government concerning the environment.
31
This helps not only in monitoring, but also action, and is found lacking in most African cities' profile.
32
Overall, the most consistent aspect of environmental friendliness seemed to be based on society's willingness to take part.
33
Mass transit and recycling help bring down emissions,
34
as does efficient city planning and government policy but it should come as no surprise that without the support of the people,
35
there is little that can be done to save the Earth.
36
While it is nice to live in a city with no pollution, much of the world does not have that luxury.
37
Now listen to part four again. In December 2015,
38
China issued a red alert warning for their capital, Beijing smog
39
and air particle levels were 10 times higher than the World Health Organization's safety standards.
40
The alert shut down schools and stopped construction, reflecting China's ongoing issues with pollution. At
41
that same time, the rest of the world was meeting in Paris for the
42
United Nations Climate Change Convention in an attempt to tackle growing environmental concerns.
43
So while Beijing is covered in smog, we wanted to know, what are the cleanest cities in the world?
44
A 2012 Green City Index reported by the Economist Intelligence Unit examined each major world region to determine
45
which global factors contribute to cleanliness.
46
In Europe, many of the top spots were captured by Nordic countries, with Copenhagen and Denmark as the cleanest city overall.
47
Zurich in Switzerland also received high points for lowest CO2 emissions.
48
Both countries have strict limits on high -polluting vehicles, but there is also a societal push to use public transit, bicycling, and walking.
49
Even the 2009 Copenhagen Accord saw the world's major economies come together for the first time to lower global emissions.
50
In Latin America, a clear and repeat winner for the cleanest city has been Curitiba in Brazil.
51
The city was the first to introduce bus rapid transit in 1974
52
and has continued the trend of working with its citizens to provide environmental benefits.
53
A recycling program called Garbage, that's not garbage, has led to about three -quarter of the city's trash to be recycled by residents.
54
Other programs like one which trades bus tokens for recycling shows how effective communal and governmental efforts can be.
55
Another top recycler, this time in Asia, is the city -state of Singapore.
56
On average, they generate less trash per person than the rest of the continent,
57
but they also keep the city clean through high -density planning and infrastructure investment.
58
Recycling and water treatment plants are state -of -the -art and designed around supplying the uniquely compact city.
59
With so many people living so close together, it is very important to produce as little waste as possible.
60
Over in North America, it's health -conscious
61
San Francisco that takes the lead.
62
According to the GCI, San Francisco recycles as much as 77 % of their waste, which is more than any European city besides Leipzig and Germany.
63
Another reason is that SF requires commercial building owners to submit regular energy usage reports, leading to considerably lower usage overall.
64
This coupled with a high -sharing economy, high -quality public transit, and marginal environmental tax benefits makes SF incredibly clean.
65
Lastly, and unfortunately, no cities score well above average in Africa.
66
The highest ranked, Accra, in Ghana is not necessarily the cleanest,
67
but they get major points for having a direct bureaucratic link with the national government concerning the environment.
68
This helps not only in monitoring, but also action, and is found lacking in most African cities profiled.
69
Overall, the most consistent aspect of environmental friendliness seemed to be based on society's willingness to take part.
70
Mass transit and recycling help bring down emissions as does efficient city planning and government policy
71
But it should come as no surprise that without the support of the people
72
There is little that can be done to save the earth
73
While it is nice to live in a city with no pollution, much of the world does not have that luxury
74
That's the end of part four
75
That's the end of the listening section
76
You now have two minutes to check all your answers Thank you.
77
Thank you.
78
Thank you.
79
Time's up.
80
Thank you.
81
Thank you.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “C1 T2 TEST1 PART4”. Las palabras que más se repiten: cleanest, recycling, transit, environmental, emissions. Este vídeo tiene 81 frases y 1165 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 8:48. El hablante mantiene un ritmo constante de unas 132 palabras por minuto, cómodo para el shadowing. El 82 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| transit sustantivo | /ˈtɹæn.zɪt/ | tránsito |
| emission sustantivo | /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/ | emisión |
| trash sustantivo | /tɹæʃ/ | basura, tlazol |
| alert adjetivo | /əˈlɝt/ | alerta, vigilante |
| usage sustantivo | /ˈjuːsɪd͡ʒ/ | uso |
| pollution sustantivo | /pəˈluʃən/ | polución, contaminación |
| garbage sustantivo | /ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/ | basura, desperdicios |
| consistent adjetivo | /kənˈsɪs.tənt/ | consistente |
| necessarily adverbio | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | necesariamente |
| infrastructure sustantivo | /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/ | infraestructura |
| rank sustantivo | /ˈɹæŋk/ | fila |
| capture verbo | /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/ | capturar |
| efficient adjetivo | /ɪˈfɪʃənt/ | eficiente, eficaz |
| aspect sustantivo | /ˈæspɛkt/ | aspecto |
| citizen sustantivo | /ˈsɪtɪzən/ | ciudadano, ciudadana |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| shut down verbo | apagar |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | is covered · were captured · be recycled |
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | has been · has continued · has led |
| Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa | waste, which is |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, trash /tɹæʃ/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/, capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, considerably /kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/, governmental /ˌɡʌvɚnˈmɛnt(ə)l/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- s + consonante al inicio — sin añadir una “e” delante: strict /stɹɪkt/, smog /smɑɡ/
- /z/ — sonora, no /s/: transit /ˈtɹæn.zɪt/, citizen /ˈsɪtɪzən/, resident /ˈɹɛzɪdənt/, examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/
- /dʒ/ — no es la “y” ni la “ch”: usage /ˈjuːsɪd͡ʒ/, garbage /ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/, generate /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/, marginal /ˈmɑː.d͡ʒɪ.nəl/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como transit, emission, trash.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.