쉐도잉 연습: How to Build an Argument with Argument Alice (Ep 01) - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

레슨 만드는 중...
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Hello everybody, Dr. David here.
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We will begin your debate training today with the most crucial thing in a debate: making an argument.
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To guide you through the first step of your training, I will introduce Argument Alice.
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Alice's superpower is making arguments.
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She'll show you how to do it.
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Good luck.
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Hello everyone, my name is Argument Alice and my goal is to train you all how to be expert argument builders.
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What is an argument exactly?
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An argument has three main building blocks.
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Building an argument is like building a house.
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A house needs a floor or foundation, walls, and a roof.
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We can't build a house without a roof, without a floor or walls.
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Similarly, we can't build an argument without claims, reasoning, or evidence.
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We can remember this with the letters CRE.
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These are the pieces of our arguments.
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We begin with a claim.
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We support the claim with reasoning and we prove our claim with evidence and examples.
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First, let's look at what a claim is.
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A claim is an assertion.
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It is one single sentence that states our point.
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A claim is different from a fact.
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A fact is not something we can debate about, but a claim is something debatable.
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We have to try to prove that it is true.
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Let's look at the difference between a fact and a claim.
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Here is a fact.
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2 plus 2 equals 4.
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We can't debate this.
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Here is a claim.
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Most students love to take math classes.
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This claim is something we can debate.
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So the first step of any argument is making a clear claim.
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Second, we need to follow our claim with reasoning.
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Reasons explain our point.
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Reasons are simply the explanation for why our claims are valid.
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To deliver reasons, we just need to ask ourselves: Why?
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Why is this true?
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How does this work?
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Sometimes our claims seem obvious, and it looks like we don't need to explain.
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In the debate, however, we need to explain as much as we can.
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Third and finally, to complete our argument, we need evidence.
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Evidence is what proves our claim is valid and convinces the audience that it is true.
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Evidence can be statements from experts, research reports, or articles, or specific examples.
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We can find evidence from articles, books, videos, podcasts, and other sources of information.
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We can also provide examples from our everyday life and experiences.
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What is important is that we have specific evidence and examples to complete our arguments.
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So, in summary, arguments have three main components: Claim,
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state our point, Explain our point.
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Evidence: Prove our point.
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Now, let's look at an example of what this looks like in a real debate.
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If our debate topic is, kids should not be allowed to have mobile phones.
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There are several possible claims we can make to support the topic.
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One claim we could make is that mobile phones will be harmful to kids' eyes.
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If we want to provide reasons for the claim that mobile phones will be harmful to kids' eyes, we need to ask ourselves: why is this true?
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Let's come up with as many reasons as we can why it is true.
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Reason 1: Mobile phones have a light called a blue light.
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That's what allows us to see the screen.
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If kids look at this light too much, it will hurt their eyes.
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Mobile phones have so many bright colors and images that are too bright for kids' eyes.
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Reason 2: Most kids cannot stop looking at their mobile phones.
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Mobile phones have lots of games and videos that kids like to watch.
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These games and videos are fun and exciting and kids can't stop watching them.
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The bright colors and images are very attractive to kids.
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Reason 3: Sometimes use.
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Parents and teachers cannot watch their kids at all times because they are busy.
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This means kids can look at their mobile phones all day, which is bad for their eyes.
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So these reasons explain why phones are harmful to kids
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and why it is difficult for kids to stop looking at their phones
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and why parents and teachers cannot easily control the phones.
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Now our argument is taking shape.
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There is only one more thing we need: evidence.
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How do we know that these arguments are true?
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Is there any evidence or examples we can provide that prove our claim is true?
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We can find evidence and examples from articles, books, podcasts, and videos.
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I read an article from a newspaper called the Washington Post from August 2018, and I found this evidence.
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A new study says that smartphones may ruin your eyesight.
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Researchers at the University of Toledo in Ohio have found that exposure to blue light, the glow emitted from most smartphones,
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tablets and laptops, promotes the growth of poisonous molecules in your eyes, leading to macular degeneration.
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There are a lot of important words here we would need to define.
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Overall, however, this provides us good evidence for our reasoning about blue light and its impact on our eyes.
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So, let's look at what the full argument with claims, reasoning, and evidence would look like in a speech.
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not be allowed to have mobile phones is.
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Mobile phones are bad for kids eyes.
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Now, let me explain the reasons why this is true.
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First of all, Mobile phones have a light called a blue light.
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That's what allows us to see the screen.
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If kids look at this light too much, it will hurt their eyes.
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Mobile phones have so many bright colors and images that are too bright for kids' eyes.
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Secondly, most kids cannot stop looking at their mobile phones.
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Mobile phones have lots of games and videos that kids like to watch.
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These games and videos are fun and exciting and kids can't stop watching them.
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The bright colors and images are very attractive to kids.
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Third.
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Sometimes parents and teachers cannot control the mobile phone use.
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Parents and teachers cannot watch their kids at all times because they're busy.
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This means that kids can look at their mobile phones all day which is bad for their eyes.
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Now, let me introduce some evidence to support this claim.
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A new study says that smartphones may ruin your eyesight.
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Researchers at the University of Toledo in Ohio have found that exposure to blue light, the glow emitted from most smartphones,
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tablets, and laptops, promotes the growth of poisonous molecules in your eyes leading to macular degeneration.
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So, Ladies and gentlemen, we believe that kids should not have mobile phones because they are too harmful to kids eyes.
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Now, we have learned how to build an argument.
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We have learned what a claim, reasoning, and evidence are.
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We have seen an example in a debate.
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Now, you can work with your teammates to build arguments for your debates.
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Good luck!
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I'm going to go to the next one you you

이 비디오로 말하기 연습을 하는 이유는?

이 비디오는 논쟁의 기초를 배우며 효과적으로 주장을 만드는 방법을 연습할 수 있는 훌륭한 자원입니다. 영어 쉐도잉을 통해 비디오의 내용을 따라 말해보면, 자연스러운 발음과 억양을 익힐 수 있습니다. 또한, 유튜브 영어 공부를 통해 실생활에서 사용되는 생생한 영어 표현을 접할 수 있습니다. 이 과정을 통해 비판적 사고 능력을 기르고, 의사소통 능력을 향상시킬 수 있습니다.

문맥 속 문법 및 표현

이 비디오에서는 주장을 만드는 데 필요한 몇 가지 문법적 구조와 표현이 등장합니다:

  • 주장(Claim): "Most students love to take math classes." 이 문장은 주장의 예로, 단순하면서도 논쟁이 가능한 문장입니다.
  • 이유(Reasoning): "Why is this true?" 이 질문은 주장을 뒷받침하는 이유를 설명하기 위해 사용됩니다. 이유를 명확히 하여 주장을 강화하는 것이 중요합니다.
  • 증거(Evidence): "Evidence can be statements from experts..." 이 표현은 주장을 뒷받침하기 위한 다양한 증거 유형을 드는 방법을 보여줍니다.

이러한 구조를 이해하고 반복하여 연습하면, 보다 효과적으로 영어로 의견을 표현할 수 있습니다.

일반적인 발음 함정

영상에서 등장하는 몇 가지 단어 및 발음 트랩은 영어 학습자에게 도전이 될 수 있습니다:

  • Argument: 이 단어는 흔히 잘못 발음하기 쉬운 단어입니다. 특히 "아르기먼트"로 발음하지 않도록 주의해야 합니다.
  • Evidence: '에비던스'로 발음하는 것이 일반적이지만, 정확한 발음은 '에비던스'입니다.
  • Reason: 이 단어는 '리지온'처럼 발음되는 경우가 많으므로 주의가 필요합니다.

이러한 단어들을 발음할 때 의식적으로 연습하고, 영어 발음 교정을 받으면 더욱 효과적으로 말하기 능력을 기를 수 있습니다. 영상의 내용을 영어 쉐도잉 방식으로 반복 연습하면 보다 유창한 영어 말하기가 가능해질 것입니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.