쉐도잉 연습: IELTS actual listening | Part 4 | Bislama - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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Section 4.

You will hear part of a linguistics lecture about a language called Bishlama that is spoken in the Pacific Islands.

First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40 on page 7.

Thank you.

Now, listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.

Good morning and welcome back to this series of linguistics lectures.

Today, I will be talking about the language Bishlama, which is a form of pidgin English.

Linguists use the term pidgin to describe new languages that are created by combining two or more existing languages, often in a simplified form.

The study of pidgin languages is important because it provides us with information about language change and modification.

The pidgin English known as Bishlama is used in the South Pacific nation of Vanuatu,

a group of islands where 81 first languages are still regularly used by the local people.

There are a further 17 local languages that are in danger of dying out and 8 that have been identified as extinct.

This gives a total of 106 first languages in all, a very high number for a small country with a population of just 200 ,000 people.

Then thinking about foreign languages, English is the most important and has official status largely because it is the medium for all education purposes.

However, it is Bishlama that is the most widely spoken language in the country, used regularly by more than 90 % of the population.

We should note here that in earlier times some people had negative feelings towards the language.

In fact, for many years it was commonly referred to as a broken language and its use was discouraged.

But attitudes have changed dramatically and today the people of Vanuatu are very proud of this unique language.

It is only when we understand the historical context that we can comprehend just why Bishlama developed in Vanuatu.

The first form of Pidgin English in this region can be traced to around 1800

when foreign traders arrived and local people were recruited to work as sailors.

On board multilingual ships there was an obvious need for a common tongue and Pidgin English was born.

This early form of Bishlama continued to spread as trade in the Pacific developed in sandalwood and other local commodities.

Then, from about 1860, a lot of people from Vanuatu travelled to Australia to work on the new plantations as labourers.

Again, because of the multilingual nature of these workplaces, it was very important to have a common language.

Finally, in modern times, there have been other pressures that have maintained the need for a common language.

Like many other parts of the world, from about the 1950s, Vanuatu experienced a significant migration of its people from small villages into the city

and it has been here that Bishlama has really established itself as the country's first language.

So then, how can we describe the language itself?

In general terms, pidgin languages can be defined as extremely simple versions of the original language.

However, this is not a satisfactory definition in this case

and linguists prefer to describe Bishlama as a developed pigeon

because it has more rules and ideas than most simple pigeon languages found in other parts of the world.

Let's think first about the vocabulary.

Because Britain was the colonial power, the majority of Bishlama's vocabulary is derived from English.

However, some care needs to be taken here.

For example, the word from in Bishlama can also mean because of,

so we need to be aware that words can have a wider range of meanings in Bishlama.

Indeed, there are numerous other potentially misleading terms, and English is not the only contributor to the vocabulary.

Again, because of the region's history there are some words, around 5 -10%, that are derived from French.

Then, a relatively small number of words have been taken from local, Pacific languages.

Usually this is the case where there is no English equivalent for naturally occurring phenomena

or to describe some aspect of the culture that is unique to the country.

Finally, a word about grammar.

Although the vocabulary is based largely on English,

it's important to note that the grammatical structure of Bishlama is derived from patterns common in the local languages of Vanuatu.

So, for example, there are two distinct pronouns meaning we.

One means I and you, and another means I and some others, but not you.

Sounds confusing in English, but in the local languages such distinctions are common.

A different example concerns the word long.

It is almost the only preposition in Bishlama

and may be used in place of a whole range of English words such as at, to, with, on, in, and so on.

Well, that is the end of the formal part of the lecture.

If you have any questions now, I'll be most happy to...

That is the end of Section 4.

You now have half a minute to check your answers.

That is the end of the listening test.

You now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.

Thank you.

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FOR YOU

이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 59개와 단어 835개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 7:21입니다. 화자는 분당 약 114단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 단어의 84%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
vocabulary 명사	/vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/	어휘, 어휘력
lecture 명사	/ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/	강의
pigeon 명사	/ˈpɪ.dʒɪn/	비둘기, 구구
occur 동사	/əˈkɜː/	일어나다, 발생하다
carefully 부사	/ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/	주의하여, 조심스럽게
formal 형용사	/ˈfɔɹməl/	형식적
refer 동사	/ɹɪˈfɜː/	언급하다
aspect 명사	/ˈæspɛkt/	양상
sheet 명사	/ʃit/	장, 시트
arrive 동사	/əˈɹaɪv/	도착하다
trace 명사	/tɹeɪs/	흔적, 자국
grammar 명사	/ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/	Korean: 문법, 문법학
migration 명사	/maɪˈɡɹeɪʃ(ə)n/	이주
combine 동사	/kəmˈbaɪn/	조합하다, 결합하다
phenomenon 명사	/fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/	현상

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	is spoken · are created · have been identified
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	have been identified · have changed · have been

주의할 발음

“sh”와 “zh” 소리: establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, sheet /ʃit/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, migration /maɪˈɡɹeɪʃ(ə)n/, distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/, commodity /kəˈmɑdəti/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, vocabulary, lecture, pigeon 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →

쉐도잉 연습: IELTS actual listening | Part 4 | Bislama - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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