레슨 99 · 8단계: 형용사, 부사와 전치사
명사 + 전치사
중급Noun + preposition
형태와 쓰임
the reason for, a solution to, an increase in — 정해진 전치사와 함께 쓰는 명사
1.형태
많은 명사는 정해진 전치사를 씁니다: 명사 + 전치사 + 명사 / -ing. 명사 뒤의 전치사는 관련된 동사 뒤에 오는 것(전치사가 아예 없을 수도 있음)과 다른 경우가 많으므로 덩어리째 외우세요.
What's the reason for the delay?
지연된 이유가 뭐예요?
Nobody knows the answer to this question.
이 질문의 답은 아무도 몰라요.
There has been a big increase in the number of tourists.
관광객 수가 크게 늘었어요.
The storm did serious damage to many houses.
폭풍이 많은 집에 큰 피해를 입혔어요.
2.자주 쓰는 명사 + 전치사
| 전치사 | 명사 | 예문 |
|---|---|---|
| for | reason / demand / need / request / recipe / respect for | Do you have a recipe for pho? |
| of | cause / lack / advantage / disadvantage / example / photo of | A lack of sleep makes me tired. |
| in | increase / decrease / rise / fall / drop / change / interest in | There was a sharp drop in traffic. |
| to | answer / solution / key / reaction / invitation / damage / alternative / access to | Practice is the key to success. |
| with | problem / relationship / contact / trouble with | I have a problem with my phone. |
| on | effect / impact / influence / tax / advice on | Coffee has a strong effect on my sleep. |
| between | difference / relationship / connection between | What's the difference between these two words? |
| towards / to | attitude towards / to | Her attitude towards work has changed. |
There's no need for a taxi. I can walk.
택시 탈 필요 없어요. 걸어갈 수 있어요.
Thanks for the invitation to your wedding!
결혼식에 초대해 줘서 고마워요!
Mai has a good relationship with her mother.
마이는 어머니와 사이가 좋아요.
What's the matter with your leg? Did you fall?
다리가 왜 그래요? 넘어졌어요?
3.Increase in일까 increase of일까? Reason일까 cause일까?
변화를 나타내는 명사(increase, rise, fall, drop, decrease)는:
- in + 변하는 대상: an increase in prices, a fall in sales.
- of + 변화의 크기(숫자): an increase of 10%, a drop of 5,000 visitors.
- 둘 다 쓸 수도 있습니다: a rise of 20% in the price of rice.
There was a 15% increase in rent this year.
올해 월세가 15% 올랐어요.
Sales grew, with an increase of 10% in March.
매출이 늘어서 3월에는 10% 증가했어요.
the cause of = 어떤 일을 일으킨 것(원인), the reason for = 왜 그런지에 대한 설명(이유).
Police are still looking for the cause of the fire.
경찰은 아직 화재 원인을 찾고 있어요.
Is there a reason for this rule?
이 규칙에 이유가 있나요?
4.동사 vs 명사
비교해 보세요: 동사는 목적어를 직접 받는 경우가 많지만, 관련된 명사는 전치사가 필요합니다.
| 동사 (전치사 없음) | 명사 + 전치사 |
|---|---|
| Prices increased. | an increase in prices |
| Please answer the question. | the answer to the question |
| We need more teachers. | a need for more teachers |
| They discussed the plan. | a discussion about the plan |
| The storm damaged the roof. | damage to the roof |
| Does coffee affect your sleep? | the effect of coffee on your sleep |
| Many people demand change. | a demand for change |
모든 명사 뒤에 of나 about을 쓰고 싶어지기 쉽습니다. 실제로는 reason for, answer to, demand for이고, of를 쓰는 것은 cause of뿐입니다. 또 affect는 동사이고 effect는 명사(effect on)라는 점도 기억하세요.
5.자주 하는 실수
Can you tell me the reason of your decision?Can you tell me the reason for your decision?
reason for.
The sun can do serious damage for your skin.The sun can do serious damage to your skin.
damage to.
I have a problem about my phone.I have a problem with my phone.
무언가가 제대로 작동하지 않음: problem with.
There is a big demand of English teachers here.There is a big demand for English teachers here.
demand for.
What's the answer of question 5?What's the answer to question 5?
answer to.
There has been an increase of the number of tourists.There has been an increase in the number of tourists.
of는 양에 쓰고, 변하는 대상에는 in을 씁니다.
예문
- What's the reason for the delay?
- Nobody knows the answer to this question.
- Is there a big difference between the two schools?
- Thanks for the invitation to your wedding!
