Prática de Shadowing: 4 IELTS LISTENING MOCK TEST SECTION 4 Stoicism - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

Criando lição...
1
Part 4 You will hear a professor of philosophy giving a talk on the ancient philosophy of Stoicism.
2
First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
3
Thank you.
4
Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
5
Ancient philosophy is not just about talking or lecturing or even reading long, dense books.
6
In fact, it is something people have used throughout history to solve their problems and to achieve their greatest triumphs.
7
Specifically, I am referring to Stoicism, which in my opinion is the most practical of all philosophies,
8
and therefore the most appealing.
9
Stoicism was founded in ancient Greece by Zeno of Citium in the early 3rd century BC,
10
but was practiced by the likes of Epictetus, Cato, Seneca, and Marcus Aurelius.
11
Amazingly, we still have access to these ideas, despite the fact that the most famous Stoics never wrote anything down for publication.
12
Cato definitely didn't.
13
Marcus Aurelius never intended his meditations to be anything but personal.
14
Seneca's letters were, well, letters, and Epictetus's thoughts come to us by way of a note-taking students.
15
Stoic principles were based on the idea that its followers could have an unshakable happiness in this life,
16
and the key to achieving this was virtue.
17
The road to virtue, in turn,
18
lay in understanding that destructive emotions like anger and jealousy are under our conscious control.
19
They don't have to control us, because we can learn to control them.
20
In the words of Epictetus, external events I cannot control, but the choices I make with regard to them I do control.
21
The modern-day philosopher
22
and writer Nassim Nicholas Taleb defines a Stoic as someone who has a different perspective on experiences
23
which most of us would see as wholly negative.
24
A Stoic transforms fear into caution,
25
pain into transformation, mistakes into initiation, and desire into undertaking.
26
Using this definition as a model, we can see that throughout the centuries,
27
Stoicism has been practiced in more recent history by kings, presidents, artists, writers, and entrepreneurs.
28
The founding fathers of the United States were inspired by the philosophy.
29
George Washington was introduced to Stoicism by his neighbours at age 17,
30
and later put on a play based on the life of Cato to inspire his men.
31
Thomas Jefferson kept a copy of Seneca beside his bed.
32
Writers and artists have also been inspired by the Stoics.
33
Eugene Delacroix, the renowned French romantic artist, known best for his painting, Liberty Leading the People, was an ardent Stoic,
34
referring to it as his consoling religion.
35
The economist Adam Smith's theories on capitalism were significantly influenced by the Stoicism
36
that he studied as a schoolboy under a teacher who had translated Marcus Aurelius's works.
37
Today's political leaders are no different, with many finding their inspiration from the ancient texts.
38
Former US President Bill Clinton re-reads Marcus Aurelius every single year,
39
and many have compared former President Obama's calm leadership style to that of Cato.
40
Wen Jiabao, the former Prime Minister of China, claims that Meditations is one of two books he travels with,
41
and that he has read it more than 100 times over the course of his life.
42
Stoicism had a profound influence on Albert Ellis, who invented cognitive behavior therapy,
43
which is used to help people manage their problems by changing the way that they think and behave.
44
It's most commonly used to treat depression.
45
The idea is that we can take control of our lives by challenging the irrational beliefs that create our faulty thinking,
46
symptoms and behaviors by using logic instead.
47
Stoicism has also become popular in the world of business.
48
Stoic principles can build the resilience and state of mind required to overcome setbacks,
49
because Stoics teach turning obstacles into opportunity, a lesson every business entrepreneur needs to learn.
50
I would argue that studying Stoicism is as relevant today as it was 2,000 years ago,
51
thanks to its brilliant insights into how to lead a good life.
52
At the very root of the thinking, there is a very simple way of living.
53
Control what you can and accept what you can't.
54
This is not as easy as it sounds and will require considerable practice.
55
It can take a lifetime to master.
56
The Stoics also believed the most important foundation for a good and happy life is not money,
57
fame, power or pleasure, but having a disciplined and principled character,
58
something which seems to resonate with many people today.
59
That is the end of Part 4.
60
You now have one minute to check your answers to part 4.
✨ Vídeo recomendado
Listening part four (Stoicism) @ieltslisteningpro.24C1
2
63 frases

Listening part four (Stoicism) @ieltslisteningpro.24

IELTS PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
IELTS Speaking Part 2: A Place That Changed My PerspectiveC1
250
24 frases

IELTS Speaking Part 2: A Place That Changed My Perspective

American AccentBritish AccentIELTS PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Vol 3 - test 1 - section 4C1
1
49 frases

Vol 3 - test 1 - section 4

IELTS PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
The PHILOSOPHER Who Solved The MEANING of LIFE? Leo TolstoyC1
4
158 frases

The PHILOSOPHER Who Solved The MEANING of LIFE? Leo Tolstoy

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Photic sneezing: IELTS LISTENING Vol 4 Test 4 Section 4 (IELTS Listening Recent Actual Test)C1
8
45 frases

Photic sneezing: IELTS LISTENING Vol 4 Test 4 Section 4 (IELTS Listening Recent Actual Test)

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Cambridge 12 Test 2 Section 4 ListeningC1
11
61 frases

Cambridge 12 Test 2 Section 4 Listening

IELTS PrepBusiness EnglishUniversity Students
IFO | Bài phát biểu xứng tầm 9.0 của sinh viên trường Thanh Hoa | Full Eng-Vie subC1
8
51 frases

IFO | Bài phát biểu xứng tầm 9.0 của sinh viên trường Thanh Hoa | Full Eng-Vie sub

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
2. Socratic Citizenship: Plato's ApologyC1
6
122 frases

2. Socratic Citizenship: Plato's Apology

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
Cam 17 Listening Test 1 Part 4: Labyrinths (transcript, key, dịch tiếng Việt)B2
2
51 frases

Cam 17 Listening Test 1 Part 4: Labyrinths (transcript, key, dịch tiếng Việt)

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
An introduction to a lectureC1
5
36 frases

An introduction to a lecture

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Part 4 A study on learning persistenceC1
23
60 frases

Part 4 A study on learning persistence

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Massimo Pigliucci - Philosophy of Ecology & the EnvironmentC1
2
98 frases

Massimo Pigliucci - Philosophy of Ecology & the Environment

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students

O que você aprenderá

Com este vídeo, você desenvolverá habilidades práticas para aprimorar sua fala em inglês, como a capacidade de entender discursos acadêmicos complexos (um requisito chave para testes como o IELTS) e de articular ideias filosóficas de forma clara. Além disso, a prática com o conteúdo ajudará no shadow speech (técnica de imitar a pronúncia e ritmo de nativos), essencial para melhorar a fluência e a confiança na prática de conversação em inglês.

Ouvir atentamente esses sons

No áudio, observe a connected speech (fala conectada) em frases como "the key to achieving this was virtue", onde "to" é reduzido a /tə/ e "achieving this" se liga em /əˈtʃiːvɪŋ dɪs/. Outro exemplo é "they don't have to control us", com "don't have to" pronunciado como /doʊnt hæv tə/, mostrando a redução de "have to" para /hæv tə/. Esses detalhes são cruciais para entender falas rápidas e se comunicar de forma natural.

Fale como um nativo

Para imitar o ritmo e a ênfase do locutor, preste atenção nas palavras-chave: "Stoicism", "virtue", "control" e nomes como "Marcus Aurelius" recebem maior destaque. O locutor usa uma entonação calma e analítica, com pausas antes de explicar conceitos complexos (como na frase "Amazingly, we still have access to these ideas..."). Pratique o shadow speak repetindo frases imediatamente após o locutor, focando em reproduzir a velocidade e a ênfase. Isso ajudará a internalizar a estrutura da fala em inglês e a melhorar sua pronúncia. Aprender inglês com vídeos como este é uma forma eficaz de combinar compreensão auditiva e prática de fala, tornando o processo mais dinâmico e relevante.

Gramática neste vídeo

As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:

EstruturaNo vídeo
Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem fazwas founded · was practiced · were based
Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agorahas been practiced · have also been inspired · have compared
Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisasomeone who has · teacher who had

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →